VOICE TO SPEECH

PHYSICS. ELECTRIC CHARGES.

QUESTION 1 Electrostatics is best described as the study of Important words explained: • Electrostatics: The branch of physics that deals with electric charges at rest. • Electric charges: Properties of matter that cause attraction or repulsion. Options explained: • A. Charges in motion: This refers to current electricity. • B. Charges at rest: This is electrostatics. • C. Magnetic forces: Concerned with magnetism. • D. Heat energy: Related to temperature. Correct Answer is: B Reason: Electrostatics deals with electric charges that are not moving..

QUESTION 2 When a plastic pen is rubbed on dry hair and attracts small pieces of paper, the pen is said to be Important words explained: • Rubbing: A method of producing static electricity. • Charged: Having gained or lost electrons. Options explained: • A. Heated: Related to temperature. • B. Magnetized: Related to magnetism. • C. Charged: Result of static electricity. • D. Melted: Caused by heat. Correct Answer is: C Reason: Rubbing causes the transfer of electrons, making the object charged..

QUESTION 3 Which of the following correctly describes static electricity? Important words explained: • Static electricity: Electricity that does not flow. • At rest: Not moving from one point to another. Options explained: • A. Electricity in motion: Refers to electric current. • B. Electricity at rest: Correct description of static electricity. • C. Magnetic energy: Not electricity. • D. Heat energy: Not electrical. Correct Answer is: B Reason: Static electricity involves charges that remain at rest..

QUESTION 4 Positive charge can be produced by rubbing Important words explained: • Positive charge: A type of electric charge. • Glass rod: A common material used in electrostatics experiments. Options explained: • A. Glass rod with silk: Produces positive charge on the glass rod. • B. Ebonite rod with fur: Produces negative charge. • C. Polythene with fur: Produces negative charge. • D. Plastic with paper: Not a standard method. Correct Answer is: A Reason: Rubbing a glass rod with silk produces a positive charge..

QUESTION 5 Negative charge is obtained when Important words explained: • Negative charge: Charge due to excess electrons. • Ebonite rod: A material that easily gains electrons. Options explained: • A. Glass rod is rubbed with silk: Produces positive charge. • B. Ebonite rod is rubbed with fur: Produces negative charge. • C. Silk is rubbed with glass: Silk becomes negative. • D. Wood is rubbed with paper: No clear charging effect. Correct Answer is: B Reason: Ebonite gains electrons from fur and becomes negatively charged..

QUESTION 6 The fundamental law of electrostatics states that Important words explained: • Like charges: Charges of the same type. • Unlike charges: Charges of opposite types. Options explained: • A. Like charges attract: This is incorrect. • B. Unlike charges repel: This is incorrect. • C. Like charges repel, unlike charges attract: Correct law. • D. Charges disappear: Not true. Correct Answer is: C Reason: Like charges repel each other while unlike charges attract..

QUESTION 7 Which of the following is an example of a conductor? Important words explained: • Conductor: A material that allows electrons to flow easily. • Electrons: Negatively charged particles. Options explained: • A. Plastic: An insulator. • B. Glass: An insulator. • C. Copper: A metal and good conductor. • D. Dry wood: An insulator. Correct Answer is: C Reason: Metals like copper allow electrons to pass through easily..

QUESTION 8 An insulator is a material that Important words explained: • Insulator: Material that resists the flow of electrons. • Electric current: Flow of electrons. Options explained: • A. Allows electrons to flow freely: A conductor. • B. Blocks the flow of electrons: An insulator. • C. Produces electricity: A generator. • D. Stores heat: Not electrical. Correct Answer is: B Reason: Insulators do not allow electrons to pass through them easily..

QUESTION 9 Charges are usually concentrated more at Important words explained: • Charge distribution: Arrangement of charges on a surface. • Surface density: Charge per unit area. Options explained: • A. Flat surfaces: Lower charge concentration. • B. Sharp edges: Higher charge concentration. • C. Smooth centres: Less concentration. • D. Middle of objects: Not correct. Correct Answer is: B Reason: Charges concentrate more at sharply curved or pointed surfaces..

QUESTION 10 Which of the following devices can store electric charges? Important words explained: • Electrophorus: A device used to transfer and store charge. • Capacitor: A device that stores electric charge. Options explained: • A. Ammeter: Measures current. • B. Electrophorus and capacitor: Both store charge. • C. Bulb: Converts electrical energy to light. • D. Switch: Controls circuits. Correct Answer is: B Reason: Both electrophorus and capacitor are used for storing electric charges..