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Usman Rafique
PhD (Education)
03007573057

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A research report is a completed study that

reports an investigation or exploration of a

analyzed, and interpreted by the researcher.

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Difference Between Research Report & 
Research Proposal

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Difference Between Research Report & 
Article

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The research report format mainly consists of

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a) Statement of the Problem 
b) Significance of the Problem 
c) Purpose 
d) Statement of Hypothesis 
e) Assumptions 
f) Limitations 
g) Definition of important Terms

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2.2. Review of Related Literature (analysis 
of previous research)

a) Description of Research Design and Sources

c) Methods and Instruments of Data Gathering

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a) Major Findings (reject or fail to reject Ho)

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a) References/ Bibliography
b) Appendices

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 Title Page identifies the title of the report, the

name of the researcher, the name of the guide,

institution, month and year of submission.

 The title should communicate what the study is

about. A well constructed title makes it easy for

the reader to understand and determine the

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This page permits the writer to express 
appreciation to persons who have contributed 
significantly to the research.

The table of contents is an outline of the report 
that indicates the page number on which each 
major section and subsection begins.

A list of all the tables included in the report along 
with the page numbers should be provided.

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A list of all the figure included in the report along 
with the page numbers should be provided.

The abstract is a brief but comprehensive

summary of the research report. It includes a

concise statement of the goal of the research, the

type of participants and instruments, outlines the

Abstract must be limited to a specific number of

words, usually between 100 and 500 words.

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 The Introduction section provides the

theoretical framework of the study within

background information of the topic as well as

the need for and rationale for the research, to

make the material more logical, useful and

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 The introduction begins with a description of

the research problem or topic and includes

 It also includes the assumptions of the

study(if any), definition of important terms,

limitations and delimitations of the study.

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 The Review of Related Literature indicates what

 Its function is to educate the reader about the

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 This section provides a detailed description of

 The purpose of this section is to describe in

detail how a researcher performed the study so

that someone should be able to replicate the

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 For a qualitative study, this section may also

include a detailed description of the nature

participants. The description of participants

selected and mainly representative of the

 The description indicate the purpose of the

instrument and the validity and reliability of

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 This section describes the statistical

techniques or the inferential interpretations

that were applied to the data and the result of

 Tables and figures are used to present findings

or graphic form which add clarity in findings

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 The Results section is to tell the reader what

 it includes the descriptive statistics for the

deviation).Then tell the reader what statistical

test you used to test your hypothesis and

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 The Discussion section is where the researcher

 The discussion of a research report section

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Discuss the results of the 
current study, explaining 
exactly what was found.

Account for the research 
findings, relate back to the 
previous research and theories 
highlighted in the introduction

Discuss the limitations of the 
current study and provide ideas 
for future research. End with a 
conclusion.

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 Conclusions is a summary of the main ideas

 It draws all arguments and findings together.

 It indicates whether hypothesis were accepted

 It summarize major findings of the study.

 The purpose of this section is to evaluate

interpret the result, especially with respect to

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The References section provides the reader with all

the information needed to seek out and obtain all

original sources  used in the research. it is written

This section provide a place for important

information.it includes tools prepared by the

researcher and used in the study.it may be lettered,

interview, names, raw data and data analysis

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Gay, L.R. , Mills, G.E.& Airasian, P. (2008). 
Educational Research(ninth edition). Prentice Hall;

Pandya, S.R. (2010). Educational Research. New 
Delhi; A P H Publishing Corporation.

Retrieved January 28,2015 from 
http://www.thewritesource.com/apa/apa.pdf

Unit 9 (31-10-2020)