The History of Computers

[Audio] The History of computers. The History of Computers.

[Audio] The history of the computer dates back to the 1800s where many scientists started to develop various computing machines. However the modern computer was invented in the 1930s when Konrad Zuse created the first programmable computer, the Z 1, which could do additions and subtractions very quickly.

[Audio] In 1941 he created the Z 3, also known as the world's oldest digital computer. Unfortunately, the computer was destroyed during World War 2. But later, in 1950, Konrad Zuse launched the Z 4, the world's first commercial digital computer..

[Audio] Another moment in the history and evolution of the computer was also in 1941, when J.V Atanasoff, a physics and math teacher, and his student Clifford Berry, designed a computer that could solve 29 equations simultaneously. However, Atanasoff-Berry computer was the first computer capable of storing data in its memory..

[Audio] In 1944, the Harvard Mark – 1 / Colossus was inaugurated, a huge computer that occupies a huge room. It was used during World War 2 to break the complex Lorenz ciphers used by the Nazis. Colossus offered immediate solutions and it is believed that its use significantly shortened the duration of the war..

[Audio] Another computer that stood out at the time was the ENIAC, created by John Mauchly and Presper Eckert. The computer was created for ballistic analysis, used by the military during World War 2. ENIAC occupied a room of 1500 square meters, weighing 30 tons and had 6000 switches and 18000 vacuum tubes..

[Audio] A few years later, the two built UNIVAC, the first commercial computer for business and government applications. Another important step in the evolution of computers was the time when transistors replaced vacuum tubes. Thus in 1953, the first prototype computer with transistors was created, " Manchester TC"..

[Audio] In 1953, Grace Hopper developed the first computer language, called COBOL. At the same time IBM created its first computer, called the IBM 701. in the early 1960s, IBM launched the 7000 series of mainframe computers that used transistors. The 7030 model, also called Stretch, was part of this series, with nine such computers being sold to scientific laboratories..

[Audio] The technologies used for this computer led to the development of the IBM 360, IMB's most successful series of computers. Slowly, the computer was approaching what we know today to be. In 1965, Program 101 was the first desktop computer sold to the general public. It cost $ 3200, was the size of a typewriter, had 37 keys and a built-in printer..

[Audio] At the same time, the world's first 16-bit commercial microcomputer, the DDP- 116, was developed and was sold for $ 28,500. The year 1970 is marked by intel, which launches Intel 1103, the first dynamic access memory chip, DRAM..

[Audio] A year later, IBM invented the floppy disk, which allows data to be shared between computers. Later in 1975 the Altair 8800 was launched, and used by the BASIC programming language, developed by Bill Gates and Paul Allen.

[Audio] Altair 8800 was a very popular computer, being the model that invented the term "personal computer". In 1976, Apple appeared on the computer market with the Apple 1, the first computer with a single-circuit board and ROM, to which you had to add a keyboard, a power supply and a case..

[Audio] A year later, they launched Apple 2, which was a great success. It was an 8-bit computer and came with a switching power supply, keyboard case, manual, game paddles, and a box containing the Breakout game. In 1981, IBM launched the first IBM PC, officially known as the IBM Model 5150..

[Audio] It was base on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used a Microsoft MS-DOS operating system. This was the computer that revolutionized the development of computers, being cloned of a large scale and thus generating the creation of many software and peripherals..

[Audio] Apple launched Apple Lisa in 1983, the first personal computer to have a graphical user interface. It had a drop-down menu and icons, a Motorola 68000 microprocessor, 1 megabyte of RAM, a 12-inch black and white monitor, dual floppy disk drives, and a 5 megabyte hard drive..

[Audio] A year later, Apple introduced the Macintosh, the first successful computer mouse with a graphical user interface and base on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. In 1984, Michael Dell created PC's Limited, where he created the first self-designed computer called the Turbo PC..

[Audio] In the early 1990's, Dell was one on the leading computer developers. In 1987 IBM released Personal System 2, the first IBM system with the Intel 80386 chip. The computer also came with a new operating system, OS2, which for the first time allowed the use of a mouse for IBM computers..

[Audio] The 1990s were marked by an innovation introduced by Apple. Their new iMac, the 1998 G3, came with a clear customizable case. It was sold for $ 1300, and included a 4 gigabyte hard drive, 32 megabyte RAM, a CD-ROM, and a 15-inch monitor. Apple also marked the 2000s. In 2003, it launched the Apple G5, the most powerful Macintosh to date. The computer had anodized aluminum case and was name the first true 64 bit personal computer..

[Audio] So, in the 1990s, with the advent of the internet, personal computers began to be widely used in all fields. Gradually, computers evolved drastically both in terms of design and performance. Thus the market for computer components began to grow more and more, with users being able to create their own personal systems according to their own needs..

[Audio] Moreover, its is incredible how from computers that occupied an entire room and performed very simple actions, technology has come to offer us today very small PCs such as the APPLE mini Desktop PC system, which offers very high performance when working or doing a gaming session. So, we have all the evidence that technology is not standing still, but constantly evolving from day to day..