Name: Pre-transfusion Testing
Uploaded: 2022-03-31
Duration: 6 min 1 s
Description: Pre-transfusion Testing. “CAUSES OF POSITIVE RESULTS IN THE SEROLOGIC CROSS-MATCH”.

Pre-transfusion Testing. “CAUSES OF POSITIVE RESULTS IN THE SEROLOGIC CROSS-MATCH”. 

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“CAUSES OF POSITIVE RESULTS IN THE SEROLOGIC CROSS-MATCH”

What is Pre-transfusion Test?. Pre-transfusion tests include ABO and RhD type of the patient's red blood cells, as well as an antibody screen with the patient's plasma. The latter is a strategy for detecting clinically significant non-ABO antibodies to red cell antigens. The single most critical test done on pre-transfusion samples is ABO grouping, and the sensitivity and security of testing equipment must never be compromised. Pre-transfusion testing can ensure ABO compatibility between donor and recipient blood as well as discover the majority of clinically important RBC alloantibodies that react with donor RBC antigens.. 

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Pre-transfusion tests include ABO and RhD type of the patient's red blood cells, as well as an antibody screen with the patient's plasma. The latter is a strategy for detecting clinically significant non-ABO antibodies to red cell antigens. The single most critical test done on pre-transfusion samples is ABO grouping, and the sensitivity and security of testing equipment must never be compromised. Pre-transfusion testing can ensure ABO compatibility between donor and recipient blood as well as discover the majority of clinically important RBC alloantibodies that react with donor RBC antigens.

Table of Contents. Cross-matching. 01. Functions of Cross-match. 

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What is cross-matching?. abstract. Cross-matching is the essential method responsible for safe blood transfusion and is one of the most significant serological procedures relevant to blood group serology.. 

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Cross-matching is the essential method responsible for safe blood transfusion and is one of the most significant serological procedures relevant to blood group serology.

What is cross-matching?. A cross match test is performed to guarantee that there are no antibodies in the patients' serum that will react with donor cells when they are transfused.. 

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A cross match test is performed to guarantee that there are no antibodies in the patients' serum that will react with donor cells when they are transfused.

Functions of Cross-Match. It is the last step in determining ABO compatibility between the donor and the patient.. 

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It is the last step in determining ABO compatibility between the donor and the patient.

It could detect the existence of an antibody in the patient's serum that reacts with an antigen or donor red cells.

To ensure that the patient/recipient receives a compatible unit of antigen negative blood.

Functions of Cross-Match. In order to avoid a hemolytic transfusion response.. 

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In order to avoid a hemolytic transfusion response.

To identify immunologic auto antigen and auto antibody, blood must be treated appropriately.

Cross-match Procedures. MAJOR CROSS-MATCH MINOR CROSS MATCH. 

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Principle of Cross-Match. M ajor cross-match is done to detech any serologic incompatibility b/w donor’s cells and patients serum.. 

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M ajor cross-match is done to detech any serologic incompatibility b/w donor’s cells and patients serum.

Cross-match is verified with a coombs reaction to detect even the incomplete antibodies

Minor cross-match is done to detect any serological incompatibility b/w patient cells and donor serum.

Cross-Match Techniques. Immediate Spin Method. Saline R oo m Temperature. 

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Causes of Positive Results in Serologic Cross-Match. 

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Causes of Positive Results in Serologic Cross-Match

Incorrect ABO grouping of patient or donor. An allo-antibody in the patient serum reacting with the corresponding antigens on donor cells. An auto-antibody in patients serum reacting with corresponding antigen or donor red cells.  Donor red cells with a positive DAT. Problems in patients serum. Dirty glass ware.

Conclusion. Prior to the administration of blood or blood products, a crossmatch is performed (e.g. packed red blood cells). The crossmatch is used to determine the existence of antibodies in the recipient against the donor's red blood cells. After transfusion, these antibodies bind to the donor's red blood cells.. 

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Prior to the administration of blood or blood products, a crossmatch is performed (e.g. packed red blood cells). The crossmatch is used to determine the existence of antibodies in the recipient against the donor's red blood cells. After transfusion, these antibodies bind to the donor's red blood cells.

The mixture of erythrocytes and serum is inspected for hemolysis or microscopically for agglutination.  Any indication of hemolysis/agglutination indicates an incompatible cross-match.  Negative results are interpreted as indicating compatibility.