Study guide CSP1501_2021

[Audio] CSP1501/MO001/4/2020 Materials Online 001/4/2021 Introduction to Applied Sciences CSP1501 Semester 1 & 2 Department of Life and Consumer Sciences IMPORTANT INFORMATION: Please activate your myUnisa and myLife e-mail addresses and ensure that you have regular access to the myUnisa module site MODULE CODE/17/S1 OR MODULE CODE/17/S2; depending on which semester you are registered in, as well as your group site. 1 Define tomorrow Open Rubric Open Rubric.

[Audio] Contents PREFACE .............................................................................................................................................. 8 WELCOME MESSAGE ....................................................................................................................... 9 LEARNING UNIT 0: WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 11 0.2 Lecturer and contact details ................................................................................................... 14 University ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 0.3 Student support services ........................................................................................................ 17 0.4 Purpose and outcomes of this module ................................................................................. 20 0.5 How the content of this module is organised ...................................................................... 21 0.6 Learning resources .................................................................................................................. 22 0.7 Module-specific study plan ..................................................................................................... 23 0.8 Orientation to using myUnisa ................................................................................................. 23 0.9 Assessment in this module .................................................................................................... 25 DISCUSSION FORUMS AND TOPICS IN CSP1501................................................................... 26 THE E-TUTOR SITE FOR CSP1501 .............................................................................................. 27 LEARNING UNIT 1: Properties of matter ....................................................................................... 28 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 28 Learning outcomes ............................................................................................................................. 28 1.2 Physical states of matter ............................................................................................................ 28 1.2.1 The kinetic theory of matter ................................................................................................ 29 1.2.2 Changes in the state of matter .......................................................................................... 31 1.3 Physical and chemical properties of matter ............................................................................. 32 1.4 Physical and chemical changes of matter ............................................................................... 32 Activity 1.1: Properties of matter ...................................................................................................... 33 Feedback on activity 1.1 ................................................................................................................... 33 1.5 Composition of matter ................................................................................................................. 33 1.5.1 Elements ............................................................................................................................... 33 1.5.2 Compounds ........................................................................................................................... 34 1.5.3 Mixtures ................................................................................................................................. 35 Activity 1.2: Composition of matter ............................................................................................. 35 Feedback on activity 1.2 ............................................................................................................... 35 1.6 Separation of mixtures ................................................................................................................ 36 1.7 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 41 LEARNING UNIT 2: Atomic structures and the periodic table of elements ............................ 42 2.

[Audio] 2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 42 2.2 Atoms ................................................................................................................................... 42 2.3 Particles of an atom ........................................................................................................... 42 2.4 Atomic number and mass number ........................................................................................ 44 2.5 The periodic table of elements ......................................................................................... 45 2.6 The symbols for elements ................................................................................................. 48 2.7 Arrangement of electrons in an atom .............................................................................. 50 2.8 Filling of orbitals .................................................................................................................. 53 2.9 Structure of an atom .......................................................................................................... 54 2.10 Isotopes ............................................................................................................................... 56 2.11 Molecules ............................................................................................................................. 57 2.12 Compounds, molecules and formulae ............................................................................ 58 2.13 Valence electrons ............................................................................................................... 61 2.14 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 62 LEARNING UNIT 3: Chemical bonding .......................................................................................... 63 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 63 3.2 Noble gases .......................................................................................................................... 63 3.3 Valency ................................................................................................................................ 66 3.4 Lewis structure .................................................................................................................... 67 3.5 Ions ....................................................................................................................................... 70 3.6 Compounds and chemical bonding ................................................................................. 72 3.7 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 74 LEARNING UNIT 4: Oxygen and other gases ............................................................................... 75 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 75 4.2 Oxygen ...................................................................................................................................... 75 4.3 Oxides ....................................................................................................................................... 77 4.4 Other important gases ............................................................................................................ 78 4.5 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 80 LEARNING UNIT 5: Oxidation and reduction ................................................................................ 81 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 81 5.2 Oxidation ................................................................................................................................... 81 5.3 Reduction .................................................................................................................................. 82 5.4 Oxidising agents and reducing agents ................................................................................. 82 5.5 Examples of redox reactions.................................................................................................. 83 3.

[Audio] 5.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 91 LEARNING UNIT 6: Acids, bases and salts .................................................................................. 92 6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 92 6.2 Acids, what are they? .............................................................................................................. 92 6.3 Bases, what are they? ............................................................................................................ 97 6.4 Salts and neutralisation ........................................................................................................ 101 6.5 The pH scale .......................................................................................................................... 104 6.6 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 106 LEARNING UNIT 7: Measurement of matter ............................................................................... 107 7.1 introduction ............................................................................................................................. 107 7.2 The SI system ........................................................................................................................ 107 7.3 Length ...................................................................................................................................... 109 7.4 Conversion of units of measurement .................................................................................. 111 7.5 The diameter and radius of the circle or shape................................................................. 115 7.6 Determining the circumference of a circle or sphere ....................................................... 116 7.7 Area ......................................................................................................................................... 117 7.8 Volume .................................................................................................................................... 121 7.9 Mass ........................................................................................................................................ 126 7.10 Density .................................................................................................................................. 130 7.11 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 132 LEARNING UNIT 8: Forces between particles ............................................................................ 133 8.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 133 8.2 Adhesion and cohesion ....................................................................................................... 133 Surface tension ............................................................................................................................. 134 8.4 Capillarity ................................................................................................................................ 137 8.5 Elasticity .................................................................................................................................. 137 8.6 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 138 LEARNING UNIT 9: Diffusion, osmosis, absorption and adsorption ....................................... 139 9.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 139 9.2 Diffusion .................................................................................................................................. 139 9.3 Osmosis .................................................................................................................................. 140 9.4 Absorption ............................................................................................................................... 142 9.5 Adsorption ............................................................................................................................... 142 9.6 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 143 4.

[Audio] LEARNING UNIT 10: Heat and temperature ............................................................................... 144 10.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 144 10.2 Heat as a form of energy .................................................................................................... 145 10.3 Heating of materials ............................................................................................................ 145 10.4 Expansion and contraction of solids, liquids and gases ................................................ 147 10.5 Latent heat ............................................................................................................................ 150 10.6 Fusion and vaporisation ..................................................................................................... 150 10.7 How does heat get from one place to another? .............................................................. 152 10.8 Absorption and reflection ................................................................................................... 154 10.9 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 156 LEARNING UNIT 11: Basic units of life ........................................................................................ 157 11.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 157 11.2 Cells ....................................................................................................................................... 158 11.3 Tissues .................................................................................................................................. 158 11.4 Organs................................................................................................................................... 158 11.5 Systems ................................................................................................................................ 159 11.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 161 LEARNING UNIT 12: The human cell ........................................................................................... 162 12.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 162 12.2 Composition of a cell ......................................................................................................... 162 12.3 Cell structure ........................................................................................................................ 163 12.4 Cell size and shape ............................................................................................................. 169 12.5 Cell functions ........................................................................................................................ 170 12.6 Homeostasis ......................................................................................................................... 171 12.7 Processes of movement through membranes ............................................................... 171 12.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 181 LEARNING UNIT 13: Body tissues ............................................................................................... 182 13.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 182 13.2 Body tissue ........................................................................................................................... 182 13.3 Membranes ......................................................................................................................... 191 13.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 194 LEARNING UNIT 14: Skeletal system .......................................................................................... 195 14.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 195 14.2 Functions of bones ............................................................................................................. 195 5.

[Audio] 14.3 Microscopic structure of bones ........................................................................................ 196 14.4 Types of bones .................................................................................................................... 196 14.5 The skeleton ........................................................................................................................ 199 14.6 Joints .................................................................................................................................... 203 14.7 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 206 Learning unit 15: Muscular system ................................................................................................ 207 15.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 207 15.2 Visceral muscles .................................................................................................................. 207 15.3 Cardiac muscles .................................................................................................................. 207 15.4 Skeletal muscles .................................................................................................................. 208 15.5 Nerve supply to muscles .................................................................................................... 211 15.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 213 Learning unit 16: Nervous system ................................................................................................. 214 16.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 214 16.2 Nerve tissue ......................................................................................................................... 215 16.3 Structures of the nervous system ..................................................................................... 219 16.4 Sensory stimulation ............................................................................................................. 225 16.5 Impulse conduction ............................................................................................................. 225 16.6 Reflexes ................................................................................................................................ 227 16.7 Somatic and autonomic nervous systems ....................................................................... 228 16.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 229 Learning unit 17: Cardiovascular system ..................................................................................... 230 17.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 230 17.2 Blood vessels ....................................................................................................................... 230 17.3 The heart ............................................................................................................................... 233 17.4 Blood plasma ....................................................................................................................... 236 17.5 Blood cells ............................................................................................................................ 236 17.6 Blood clotting ........................................................................................................................ 242 17.7 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 244 Learning unit 18: Respiratory system ............................................................................................ 245 18.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 245 18.2 Organs of the respiratory system ...................................................................................... 246 18.3 Respiration ........................................................................................................................... 250 18.4 Gas transportation ............................................................................................................... 251 6.

[Audio] 18.5 Control of breathing ............................................................................................................. 252 18.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 253 Learning unit 19: Excretory system ............................................................................................... 254 19.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 254 19.2 Waste products .................................................................................................................... 254 19.3 Organs of the excretory system ........................................................................................ 255 19.4 Organs of the urinary system ............................................................................................ 256 19.5 The kidneys .......................................................................................................................... 257 19.6 Urine ...................................................................................................................................... 264 19.7 Ureters, bladder and urethra.............................................................................................. 268 19.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 270 Learning unit 20: Digestive system................................................................................................ 271 20.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 271 20.2 The digestive system .......................................................................................................... 271 20.3 Organs of the digestive system ......................................................................................... 272 20.4 Digestion and absorption ................................................................................................... 280 20.5 Metabolism ........................................................................................................................... 285 20.6 Digestive enzymes .............................................................................................................. 287 20.7 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 291 7.

[Audio] PREFACE Dear Students Welcome to the module Introduction to Applied Sciences (CSP1501). This is an online module, but you could also use this printed document (MO001) to study for this module. This document is essentially a printed version of everything you will find on the module website on myUnisa. It is a convenient document that you will be able to refer to at any time, page through, and make notes on. However, we would still like to encourage you to use the module website, as this has several advantages. For example, you can easily access any part of your study material by clicking on the links in the table of contents of the learning units, and you can interact with your lecturer and fellow students on the module's discussion forum. This document starts with the message on the Welcome page of your module website. It then goes on to the text of the learning units of the module. Be sure to read learning unit 0, as it contains essential information about the module. Also remember to read your Tutorial Letter 101, which will provide you with essential details about the module and its assessment. At the end of this MO001 document, there is a list of the Discussion forum topics that will be available for your use on the module site. I wish you all the best with your studies. Your lecturer 8.

[Audio] WELCOME MESSAGE Dear Students Welcome to the module Introduction to Applied Sciences, which is offered in the Department of Life and Consumer Sciences. I am Fhumulani Ramasunga, and I will be your lecturer for this module. I trust that this module will deepen your understanding of basic sciences and help you further your studies in general. The purpose of the module is to enable you to identify and apply basic chemistry and physics principles, which will serve as an essential foundation in your further studies. You will also be able to identify various physiological systems in the human body and their functions. Finally, you will also acquire some basic knowledge that will enable you to adopt a sound and healthy lifestyle. This module is offered online, but as an alternative, you will also be receiving a printed study pack. You will find more details on how to study this module in the learning unit 0/the introduction to the learning units, as well as in Tutorial Letter 101. If you are reading this online, you will see the different options that are available on this site on the left-hand side of the screen. The material that you should study is contained in the learning units. Tutorial Letter 101, as well as other tutorial letters and past examination papers, are stored in Official Study Material. You may periodically receive some announcements, for example, to remind you of due date for an assignment. The schedule will remind you of important dates in the semester, for example, due dates for assignments. More details about these different tools will be provided in learning unit 0. After reading this page, you should read Tutorial Letter 101 (if you have not done so already). Then you should proceed to the learning units. Be sure to read the learning unit 0/the introduction, as this contains important information. Please note that there are two sites you should use in studying this module. The first is the module site, where you will find the learning units and where you can communicate with your lecturer. The second is your e-tutor site. The name of the e-tutor site is the same as the name of the module site, except that it has '-1S' or '-2S' added at the end, depending on the semester. On the e-tutor site, you will be able to communicate with your e-tutor and fellow students utilizing the Discussions tool. 9.

[Audio] If you have any queries about the module, you are welcome to contact me by e-mail or telephone. You may also make an appointment to see me in my office at the Unisa Science Campus in Florida. Dr Florence Malongane I wish you all the best in your studies. Kind regards 10.

[Audio] LEARNING UNITS LEARNING UNIT 0: WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION Dear Students Welcome to the module Introduction to Applied Sciences, which is offered in the Department of Life and Consumer Sciences. I am Fhumulani Ramasunga, and I will be your lecturer for this module. This module will deepen your understanding of basic sciences and help you further your studies in general. This is an online module, which means that you will find everything you need to complete the module on this site and your e-tutor site. Check these sites regularly for updates, posted announcements and additional resources uploaded throughout the semester. Rapid communications throughout the semester(s) have been made possible through myUnisa. By using myUnisa, you can: submit assignments (please note: you should submit your assignment online as this will ensure that you receive rapid feedback and comments), access your study material, have access to the Unisa library functions, "chat" to your lecturer or e-tutor and fellow students, participate in online discussion forums, and obtain access to a variety of learning resources. Please take some time to familiarise yourself with the site so that you get to know where the different tools and resources are. I will give you more information about this later in this learning unit. Although I would like to encourage you to study this module online, we also recognise that it might be impossible for some of you to get online at all, while some others of you might only be able to get online occasionally. For this reason, you can also use the print-based study pack that you will receive to study for this module. Your study material for this module includes the following: 11.

[Audio] Your prescribed textbook: Anatomy and Physiology, Author: Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Eddie Johnson, James A. Wise, J. Gordon Betts, Jody E. Johnson, Kelly A. Young, Mark Womble, Oksana Korol, Peter DeSaix. 2013. OpenStax College. License: Creative Commons Attribution Your learning units Tutorial Letter 101 Any other tutorial letters you may receive throughout the year Any additional information provided on the module site and your e-tutor site on myUnisa Any additional electronic communications you may receive, e.g. announcements from your lecturer or e-tutor Recommended textbook 1. X-kit undergraduate: Physiology. ISBN 10: 1-86891-378-3; ISBN 13: 978-1868913-78-7 2. Biology 2e, Authors: Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark, Matthew Douglas. 2019. available as Open Educational Resource, Openstax. https://www.oercommons.org/courses/biology-2e 3. Chemistry 2e, Paul Flowers, Klaus Theopold, Richard Langley, William R. Robinson. Available as Open Educational Resource, Openstax. ISBN-13: 978-1947172-62-3, https://openstax.org/details/books/chemistry-2e. Details of your prescribed textbook are given in Tutorial Letter 101. You will receive Tutorial Letter 101 in print, but you can also access it on this site. You can do this by clicking on "Official Study Material" in the menu on the left. Tutorial Letter 101 is just one of the tutorial letters you will be receiving during the year. It is extremely important that you read this tutorial letter carefully. You will also receive Tutorial Letter 201 during the course of the semester shortly after the due dates for submission of each assignment. This tutorial letter is closely linked to Tutorial Letter 101 and will provide you with a guide to the answers for the assignments. 12.

[Audio] Please note that there are two sites you should use in studying CSP1501. The first is the module site, where you will find the learning units and where you can communicate with your lecturer. In your list of modules, this usually has a name in the following format: Module code-year- semester e.g. CSP1501-17-SI The second site is your e-tutor site, where you can communicate with your e-tutor and fellow students. This site has the same name, but with '-1S' or '-2S' added at the end, depending on the semester, for example: CSP1501-17-SI-1S Your e-tutor is there to support your learning, and you can post any questions to him or her in the site's discussion forum, in the appropriate forum or topic for general questions. In another forum, you will also be able to communicate with your fellow students. On the e-tutor site, you should also respond to discussion questions that are given in the learning units. Your e-tutor may provide you with the opportunity to engage in additional discussions or to do specific online tasks or activities; please participate fully, as this will go a long way to assist you with your learning. Both the lecturer and e-tutor may also send you announcements from time to time. In this learning unit, I will give you an overview of and some general information about this module. I will also tell you more about how you can study in this module, how to use myUnisa, and about the assessment in the module. Click on "Next" below to go to the next screen, where you will find more information about contact details. 13.

[Audio] 0.2 Lecturer and contact details In this section, I will give you my own contact details, as well as details of the academic department that offers this module. I will also give you the university's contact details, as well as some information about the student support services at Unisa that you are welcome to use. Please note that whenever you contact the university, whether in writing or telephonically, you should always use your myLife account email and mention the module code and your student number. Lecturer and department Dr Florence Malongane Lecturer(s) Your lecturer for CSP1501 is Dr F Malongane For any subject related queries, please contact Dr F Malongane  My telephone number +2711 471 2115  My postal address CSP1501 Lecturer Department of Life and Consumer Sciences Florida Campus, Block B Private Bag X6 Florida 1710  My e-mail address [email protected] Go to: https://my.unisa.ac.za/portal/ 14.

[Audio] myUnisa webpage Log in and click on: CSP1501-20-S1 (for semester 1) or CSP1501-20-S2 (for semester 2) Follow the procedures in Study @ Unisa brochure to become a user of myUnisa (see section 5 of this tutorial letter). On the left-hand side grey bar of the myUnisa site, you will find the option "Course Contact". You will be able to e-mail me via the Course Contact option. Please have your study material and student number handy when you contact me with queries concerning the course. The easiest way to contact lecturers is by e-mail ([email protected]). If you have sent an e-mail and do not receive a response within a few days, it is possible that the lecturer either has not received your e-mail message, because of computer server problems or because the lecturer is away on leave or attending a conference. In that case, resend the e-mail; if you still do not get a reply, try another means of communication (see more details below). You are always more than welcome to contact us telephonically or to pay me a visit on the Florida campus. Department  Secretary's telephone number +2711 471 2230 / 2292  Departmental fax number +2711 471 2796 College administrator's e-mail address [email protected] University Unisa website: http://www.unisa.ac.za & http://mobi.unisa.ac.za myUnisa: https://my.unisa.ac.za/portal & https://my.unisa.ac.za/portal/pda E-mail: [email protected] SMS: 32695 (only for students in South Africa) Fax: 012 429 4150 RESOURCES Prescribed book(s) Your prescribed book for this module is Title: X-kit undergraduate: Physiology. Authors: Buckle, M, Strauss, D, Engelbrecht, A, Ismail-Wesso, I, Knight, A, Mattheyse, M & Hewett, G. 15.

[Audio] Year published: 2006. Publisher: Pearson Education South Africa (Pty) Ltd. ISBN 10: 1-86891-378-3 ISBN 13: 978-1-868913-78-7 Prescribed books can be obtained from the university's official booksellers. Please refer to the list of official booksellers and their addresses in Study @ Unisa brochure. If you have difficulty with locating your book at these booksellers, please telephone the prescribed book section at 012 429 4152 or e-mail [email protected]. Note that the prescribed book for this module will mainly be used in the human physiology sections, therefore study units 11 to 20. It is important that you study the sections of the prescribed book, as indicated by this study guide thoroughly. 4.2 Recommended book(s) 1. Title: Anatomy and Physiology Authors: Betts J.G. Year published: 2013 Publisher: OpenStax ISBN 10: 9781938168130 Available as an open education resources. https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/169 2. Title: Essential Physiology Authors: Aguilar-Roca, Nancy Year published: 2015 Publisher: OpenStax https://www.oercommons.org/courses/essential-physiology/view 3. Title: Human Physiology Authors: Young Kevin Year published: 2013. Publisher: Wikibooks https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Human_Physiology Recommended books are available as open educational resources. 16.

[Audio] Electronic reserves (e-reserves) There are no e-Reserves for this module. 0.3 Student support services For information about the various student support systems and services available at Unisa (e.g. student counselling, tutorial classes, language support), consult the publication entitled Study @ Unisa. Fellow students It is always a good idea to have contact with fellow students. You can do this using the Discussion menu option on myUnisa. You can also use the Discussion forum to find out whether there are students in your area who would like to form study groups. Library services and resources The Unisa Library offers a range of information services and resources: For detailed Library information, go to https://unisa.ac.za/library For research support and services (e.g. personal librarians and literature search services), go to https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library/Libraryservices/Research-support The Library has created numerous Library guides: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za Recommended guides: Request and download recommended material: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request Postgraduate information services: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/postgrad Finding and using Library resources and tools: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/research-support Frequently asked questions about the Library: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/ask Services to students living with disabilities: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/disability Assistance with technical problems accessing the Unisa Library or resources: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/techsupport 17.

[Audio] You may also send an e-mail to [email protected] (please add your student number in the subject line). Unisa Directorate for Counselling and Career Development (DCCD) The DCCD supports prospective and registered students before, during and after their Unisa studies. There are resources on their website (http://www.unisa.ac.za/Default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=15974), and also printed booklets available to assist you with career advise and how to develop your employability skills, study skills, academic literacy (reading, writing and quantitative skills), assignment submission, exam preparation. Note that the DCCD can also assist you with improving your personal wellness: see their website at http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=16277. Student Health and Wellness Your physical health is an important factor in your learning success. Obtaining an educational qualification is challenging and may at times involve stress, and it is therefore vital that you should try to maintain a healthy lifestyle to ensure that you will cope physically with the demands of your studies. If you suspect that you may suffer from a chronic condition, or you know that you suffer from such a condition but are unsure about medical options and treatment, you could approach Unisa for further information and support. See Unisa's Student Health and Wellness website, which you can access from Unisa's main website: click on "About", "Service Departments", "Student Affairs" and then on "Student Health and Wellness". Here you will find details of Unisa's health and wellness clinics, and also some health and wellness resources. Note that if you do have a health-related condition such as HIV/AIDS, or have a close family member with this or another health condition, then you need to take cognisance of this in planning your studies. It will be unwise to cram tasks as this creates enormous stress which negatively impacts on your performance as a student, as well as on your health. Planning your studies is essential so that you can work consistently and make progress. 18.

[Audio] It would be wise to know your health status (HIV/AIDS, blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol, etc.). If you are informed by medical tests, with the necessary medical and supportive interventions you can prolong and improve the quality of your life and your success in your studies. If you would like to obtain basic information about the prevention of, testing for and treatment of HIV/Aids, you can also consult the following web links: http://www.aidsconsortium.org.za/docs/AC%20Pamphlets/HIV%20treatment%20Wis e%20-%20March%202010.pdf http://www.aids.org/topics/aids-factsheets/ https://www.westerncape.gov.za/sites/www.westerncape.gov.za/files/documents/200 5/7/living_aids_2.pdf https://www.westerncape.gov.za/general-publication/frequently-asked-questionsabout-hiv-and-aids You can also approach the DCCD about counselling in this regard. The Advocacy and Resource Centre for Students with Disabilities (ARCSWiD) You will find more information about this centre on their web page at http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=19553. You can also contact the centre at 012 441 5470/1. 19.

[Audio] 0.4 Purpose and outcomes of this module This module does not stand alone. You may wonder why these applied sciences are part of your studies. Bear in mind that to understand the basics in human life, animal life, the environment, food, clothing or nutrition it is necessary to understand the basics of science. For example, in nutrition we discuss how certain nutrients help to build heathy bones. These nutrients include minerals (elements) as studied from the periodic table of elements. Furthermore, the basics of the skeletal system need to be understood. Another example is clothing studies. Some detergents have certain effects on different textiles; therefore you need to understand how detergents work in order to grasp the problem of water contaminated with heavy metals, you need to understand the periodic table, the properties of most elements as well as human physiology. There are numerous examples because applied sciences can be applied to everyday life. The learning outcomes for this module are aimed at developing your expertise and abilities in the field of applied science. The purpose of the module is to enable you to identify and apply basic chemistry and physics principles, which will serve as an essential foundation in your further studies. You will also be able to identify various physiological systems in the human body, and their functions. Finally, you will also acquire some basic knowledge that will enable you to adopt a sound and healthy lifestyle. More specifically, the outcomes of this module are that, after completing the module, you should be able to explain basic concepts and principles in chemistry, physics and physiology. The next section will give you a better idea about how the content of the module is structured. 20.

[Audio] 0.5 How the content of this module is organised This module essentially consists of three main parts. The first part (learning units 1-6) deals with chemistry principles. We start at the most fundamental level by looking at the basic properties of matter and at atomic structures. We then investigate chemical bonding and some basic chemical reactions and substances of which you will need a knowledge in your further studies. The second part (learning units 7-10) explores basic principles of physics, including the measurement of matter, forces between particles, and the movement of particles. In the third part (learning units 11-20) you learn more about basic aspects of human physiology, starting with the basic unit of human life, like cells and tissues, and then proceeding to the various organ systems. This structure can be represented as follows: Principles of chemistry Principles of physics Principles of physiology Measurement of matter Forces between particles Diffusion, osmosis, absorption and adsorption Heat and temperature Learning unit 7: Learning unit 8: Learning unit 9: Learning unit 10: Basic units of life The human cell Body tissue Skeletal system Muscular system Nervous system Cardiovascular system Respiratory system Excretory system Digestive system Properties of matter Atomic structure and the periodic table of the elements Chemical bonding Oxygen and other gases Oxidation and reduction Acids, bases and salts Learning unit 1: Learning unit 2: Learning unit 3: Learning unit 4: Learning unit 5: Learning unit 6: Learning unit 11: Learning unit 12: Learning unit 13: Learning unit 14: Learning unit 15: Learning unit 16: Learning unit 17: Learning unit 18: Learning unit 19: Learning unit 20: You can go to the table of contents to see the names and subsections of each of the learning units. Now that you have a better idea of how the module is structured let's look at what your studies will involve. 21.

[Audio] 0.6 Learning resources Your main learning resources for this module will be these learning units, your prescribed textbook, and the other elements of the module site and e-tutor site such as discussions. These resources will be supported by tutorial letters. The prescribed textbook to be used in conjunction with the online material is: Title: X-kit undergraduate: Physiology. Authors: Buckle, M, Strauss, D, Engelbrecht, A, Ismail-Wesso, I, Knight, A, Mattheyse, M & Hewett, G. Year published: 2006. Publisher: Pearson Education South Africa (Pty) Ltd. ISBN 10: 1-86891-378-3 ISBN 13: 978-1-868913-78-7 More details about the textbook are given in the menu option 'Prescribed books' to the left of this screen, and also in Tutorial Letter 101. The textbook is a comprehensive guide to the subject field. You will not be required to study the whole textbook, as I will guide you to what is needed while working through these learning units. You will need to study the chapters that are mentioned at the beginning of each learning unit and any recommended reading sections. If you find a topic particularly interesting then feel free to do further reading on that topic. Please note the following: The learning units may contain links to websites and online video clips. Since the internet is dynamic, it may however be possible that a link may be outdated or might have been moved when you try to access it. In such a case, you can do your own internet search to find similar sites or videos. To do this, go to www.google.com or a similar search site and type in keywords related to the topic. 22.

[Audio] 0.7 Module-specific study plan Read your Study @ Unisa brochure for general time management and planning skills. This is a semester module over 15 weeks and requires at least 120 hours of study time; this means that you will have to study at least 8 hours per week for this module. The following is a recommended time schedule that you could use as a guideline for studying this module. ACTIVITY HOURS 2 Reading and re-reading Tutorial Letter 101 and learning unit 0 2 Skimming learning units and textbook, forming a thorough general impression of the whole 20 First reading of learning units 1-20 and textbook (@ 1 hour per learning unit) 60 In-depth study of learning units 1-20, including doing learning activities and participating on the e-tutor site where possible (@ 3 hours per learning unit) 10 Completing three assignments (Note: Assignments 1 and 2 should take less time than assignment 3; you will need to spend more time on assignment 3) Examination revision 24 Writing the examination 2 Total 120 Please note: There is a detailed suggested study plan in Tutorial Letter 101. Be sure to consult this and draw up your own schedule accordingly. Note that you will need to work at a reasonably fast pace to work through all the learning units and that you need to start working on your fourth assignment early in the year already. 0.8 Orientation to using myUnisa I have already outlined the advantages of online learning in section 0.1 of this learning unit. In the sections that follow, I will give you an orientation to using myUnisa. We will see how the Unisa menu options work, and refer to the "rules" or "etiquette" of online communications. Finally, you will have the opportunity to try your own hand at using one of the most important tools on myUnisa, the Discussions tool. 23.

[Audio] 0.8.1 The myUnisa menu options You need to be able to use the various menu options on this course site. They will enable you to participate actively in the learning process. Click on the links below to see where the various options are located. Learning units: The learning units are your main learning resource in this module and contain the content and learning activities that you need to work through to achieve the module outcomes. Official Study Material. Tutorial Letter 101 is stored under this option, as well as past examination papers. Announcements: From time to time, I will use this facility to give you important information about this module. Here you will receive e-mail notification of new announcements placed on myUnisa. Schedule: This tool gives you access to important dates and details about events, such as examination dates and deadlines for your assignments. You will need this information to help you manage your time and plan your own schedule. Course contact: If you want to send me e-mails in connection with this module, use this tool to communicate with me. Additional resources: I may use this folder to provide any additional learning support material that might help you in your studies for this module. I will send an email alert or announcement to inform you if I add anything to this folder. Discussions: This tool allows us to hold discussions as if we were in a contact setting. On your e-tutor site, there may be a number of discussion questions for you to answer. You can also post any specific queries to the e-tutor (in the e-tutor site) or the lecturer (on the main module site). There will also be a forum for students, where you can discuss issues among yourselves, or just support one another. Assignments: This tool allows you to submit your assignments electronically, and to monitor your results. If you can, please submit your assignments via myUnisa. If you do not know how to do this, consult Tutorial Letter 101. 24.

[Audio] 0.8.2 myUnisa etiquette myUnisa is the university's online platform where lectures and students meet, interact and participate in an ongoing process of learning and teaching. In interacting online, always remember to be mindful of and respectful towards your fellow students and your lecturers. The rules of polite behaviour on the internet are referred to as netiquette – a term that means "online manners". You can access the websites below to learn more about netiquette. http://networketiquette.net/ http://www.studygs.net/netiquette.htm http://www.carnegiecyberacademy.com/facultyPages/communication/netiquette.html Please observe the rules of netiquette during your normal, everyday online communications with colleagues, lecturers, and friends. In particular, remember to be courteous to your fellow students when using the Discussions tool. 0.9 Assessment in this module Your work in this module will be assessed by the following: Three written assignments, which will be used to calculate a year mark that will count 30% towards your final mark One written examination of 2 hours, which will count 70% towards your final mark Please consult Tutorial Letter 101 for details about the assessment in this module. Make sure to read the following information in the tutorial letter: How your assignment and exam marks will be calculated The due dates and unique numbers of your assignments How you should submit your assignments Examination periods, admission and marks Tutorial Letter 101 also contains the actual assignment questions. Remember that while Tutorial Letter 101 will be sent to you, you can also access an electronic version by clicking on the option "Official Study Material" on the homepage of the module site. Good luck and enjoy the course! 25.

[Audio] DISCUSSION FORUMS AND TOPICS IN CSP1501 Note that you will have an e-tutor site (e.g. CSP1501-17-S1-1S) where you will be able to ask questions about the content of the module, participate in discussions relating to the module, and communicate with your fellow students (see the next section). On the main website for the module (e.g. CSP1501-17-S1) you will also be able to post general queries to the lecturer, and queries about the assessment. The forums on the site will be as follows: General queries to the lecturer Assessment queries You can create your own topics in the first forum. In the second forum, the following topics will be created: Queries about assignment 1 Queries about assignment 2 Queries about assignment 3 Queries about the examination Please post your query in the appropriate topic. 26.