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GROUP ONE.

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Who’s Reporting?. Reporter 1. Reporter 2. Reporter 3.

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HISTORICAL ANTECENDENTS IN THE COURSE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. 1. HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN THE COURSE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION. K'åyseri rabzon; ere yam aku bil nya Diy rba r Batma . Adan 9.9'4 oprr&c Gorgä •T.ehrän cosia Bei alab SUMERIAI•V Haifa fahån sjÅsiin ancient Civilii.ati." and hietorieal region in southern Mesopotamia', Which today OPT II ;ühäi • I A V&z.tARS Sakäkah she r' Dl ARABIA Manama.

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. CUNIEFORM. f/4±-Ä4. It is a system that utilizes word pictures and triangular symbols which are carved on clay using wedge instruments and then left to dry. It is also one way of passing their traditions, cultures, and their legacy..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. URUK CITY. The Sumerians were able to build the city using only mud or clay from the river, which they mixed with reeds, producing sun-baked bricks-a true engineering feat. They used the bricks to make houses that protected them from the harsh weather and to build a wall around the city that prevented wild animals and neighbouring raiders from entering..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR. The Ziggurat, also called the mountain of God, was built in the same manner that they constructed the City of Uruk . The Ziggurat served as the sacred place of their chief god, where only priest was allowed to enter..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. IRRIGATION AND DIKES. The Sumerians created dikes and irrigation canals to bring water to farmlands and at the same time control the flooding of the rivers. This method was considered as one of the world’s most beneficial engineering works..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. SAIL BOATS. Sailboats were essential in transportation and trading as well as in fostering culture, information, and technology..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. WHEEL. With the use of the wheel and axel, mass production was made easier. Farmers were able to mill grains with less effort in less time..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. THE PLOW. The plow was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace. As the plow beaks the ground, the farmer would just drop the seeds and farm work would already be done ..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. ROADS. With this work, the flow of traffic became faster and more organized. They made the roads with the same technology they used in making sunbaked bricks that they laid down on the ground..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION. The Babylonians were great builders, engineers, and architects. One of their major contributions is the hanging garden of Babylon. However, no physical evidence has been found to prove the existence of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Its exact location is unknown..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION. Many stories tell about the engineering feats of the Egyptian especially regarding infrastructures established by the Pharaohs..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. PAPER OF PAPYRUS. Egyptians also developed a system of writing; they were able to make writing easier for the world. They were able to process the plant in order to produce thin sheets on which one could write down things..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. INK. The Egyptians invented ink by combining soot with different chemicals to produce inks of different colors ..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. HEIROGLYPHICS. The Egyptians also developed a system of writing using symbols. It is also consisting of many different symbols and illustrations..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. COSMETICS AND WIG. Their function of cosmetics in ancient Egypt was for both health and aesthetic. They used the wig to cover their head from the harmful rays of the sun..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. WATER CLOCK/ CLESYDRA. This device utilizes gravity that affects the flow of water from on vessel to another..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. GREEK CIVILIZATION. Greek civilization has contributed much to the world especially in the fields of science and technology. The first proponents of an atomic theory were the Greek philosophers Leucippus and Democritus in the field of science and on the field of math..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. ALARM CLOCK. The purpose was to tell an individual when to stop or when to start..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. WATER MILL. They were commonly used in agricultural processes like milling of grains. Modern-day watermills also help for converting mechanical energy into electricity which also leads to invention of windmill and turbine..

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. ROMAN CIVILIZATION. It was considered to be the cradle of politics and governance during the period. The following are the inventions and innovations of the Roman Empire: Newspaper, Bound Books or Codex, Roman Architecture, and Roman numerals.

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SUB TOPIC Part 1. CHINESE CIVILIZATION. The Chinese civilization is considered the oldest civilization in Asia, if not the world. China even until know controls the production of almost everything. The following are contributions of Chinese civilization to the world: Silk industry, Tea production, Worlds Famous Great wall of China, and Gun powder..

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SUB TOPIC Part 2. 2. MIDIEVAL/ MIDDLE AGES. Most innovative minds came from this period to control the increase of trade and commerce among nations ..

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SUB TOPIC Part 2. PRINTING PRESS. The printing press was invented to address the need for publishing books that would spread information to many people at a faster rate..

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SUB TOPIC Part 2. MICROSOPE. To develop the proper medicines for the illness, experts must understand the sickness through investigation that is why the invented this device to magnify the small things that are invisible to the naked eye..

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SUB TOPIC Part 2. TELESCOPE. Since the Middle Ages was also known as the age of exploration, the need for nautical inventions was high..

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SUB TOPIC Part 2. WAR WEAPON. Wars were widespread during the Middle Ages, great development in the weaponry technology also occurred ..

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SUB TOPIC Part 3. 3. MODERN TIMES. The booming world population during the nineteenth century onwards demanded that more goods be produced at a faster rate. However, due to massive industrialization, the modern times again faced more complicated problems..

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SUB TOPIC Part 3. PASTEURIZATION. As people were able to develop better means of production to meet the needs of the population, food preservation and food safety became an issue. Louise Pasture, a French biologist, microbiologist, and chemist, invented pasteurization, the process of heating dairy products to kill the harmful bacteria that allow them to not spoil faster..

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SUB TOPIC Part 3. PETROLEUM REFINERY. Samuel M. Kier was able to invent kerosene by refining petroleum and it is still present as still used by many people for powering automobiles, factories, and power plants, among others..

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SUB TOPIC Part 3. TELEPHONE. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, and it is one of the necessities in this fast-changing world ..

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SUB TOPIC Part 3. CALCULATOR. The creation of modern-day calculator did not only pave the way for easier arithmetic calculations, but also resulted in the development of more complex processing machines like computer..

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. 4. PHILIPPINE INVENTIONS. Despite being considered a developing country, the Philippines also contributes to the global advancement of science and technology. Some of the world renounce Filipino inventions are the following: Karaoke, Salamander Amphibious Tricycle, Salt Lamp, Medical Incubator, Mosquito Ovicidal / Larvicidal Trap System, and E- Jeepney . “ We may lack of resources, but our minds are filled with knowledge.” – Filipino Inventors Society Secretary Fortunato de la Pena..

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. KARAOKE. a device that plays instrumental accompaniments for a selection of songs to which the user sings along and that records the user's singing with the music. The word karaoke is derived from two Japanese wordsn'kara ' comes from the word ' karappo ' meaning empty or void and ' oke ' comes from the word ' okesutura ' or orchestra. Karaoke songs are typically music reproductions without the voice of the singer..

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE.

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. SALT LAMP. The lamp is powered by the galvanic reaction of an anode with saline water. The saltwater serves not as the power source but as the electrolyte that facilitates the current flow within the metal-air battery . The product was engineered by Aisa Mijeno . It can provide eight hours of light, as well as power to a USB port for charging a phone . The product concept was formed after living with the Butbut tribe for days relying only on kerosene lamps and moonlight to do evening chores ..

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. MEDICAL INCUBATOR. Del Mundo revolutionized Philippine medicine, making major breakthroughs in immunization and in the treatment of jaundice, and providing healthcare to thousands of poor families. She is credited with studies that led to the invention of the incubator and a jaundice relieving device..

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. MOSQUITO OVICIDAL. The DOST-ITDI OL trap research team designed the trap to detect, monitor, and control the population of the dengue-carrying Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The trap works by attracting female mosquitoes to lay eggs on the paddle drenched with an organic solution. This solution kills the eggs and larvae, preventing mosquitoes from reaching adulthood. The solution is potent against mosquitoes but safe for humans and animals, as it is composed of ingredients commonly used in the kitchen for food preparation.

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. E-JEEPNEY. The Electric Jeepneys aim to demonstrate that there are climate-friendly alternatives to the current polluting modes of public transportation in the Philippines. The iconic jeepney remains, but without wasteful and carbon emitting diesel, and while providing increased incomes to the vehicles’ drivers..

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SUB TOPIC Part 4. CONCLUSION.

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THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!. 100% Done. 19+. 4 Members.