STORAGE TANK AND TANK INTERNAL

. INTRODUCTION TO STORAGE TANKS TANK INTERNALS Prepared by Production-CG Team PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project for a Sunshine Future Faculty Susobhan Sahoo IndianOil.

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. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Petroleum products are classified according to their closed cup Flash Points as given below: •Class-A : Liquids which have flash point below 230C. •Class-B : Liquids which have flash point of 230C and above but below 65 oc. •Class-C : Liquids which have flash point of 650Cand above but below 93 oc. •Excluded : Liquids which have flash point of 930C and above. Liquefied gases including LPG do not fall under this classification but form separate category. PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. TYPES OF TANKS Fixed roof tanks (Cone roof/ Dome roof) Floating roof tanks Fixed cum floating roof tanks PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FIXED ROOF TANK Head space Flammable or Combustible liquid PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FLOATING ROOF TANK on toco ftoatrn roo PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. CONE ROOF TANK / DOME ROOF TANK PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FLOATING ROOF TANK e.æ—Foam dam Floating Roof Se Is (Primary & Secondary) Liquid in storage PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FIXED CUM FLOATING ROOF TANK External fix roof Head space Floating roof Product in storage PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FIXED CUM FLOATING ROOF TANK }aæaiåßtütgicanyv Fued•roof center ven fixtd Vacwm SITE PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future Fixed toot shown as suppodhg aluminum dom) abnq roof.

. EXTERNALS & INTERNALS OF TANKS Inlet line or receiving line Out let line or pump suction line Inter tank transfer line / Jet mixing line Heel stripping line Siphon drain Cleanout door Shell manhole Steam Coil & condensate line Datum Plate PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. EXTERNALS & INTERNALS OF TANKS Tank Dyke Surface drain stair case Tank Pad Shell manhole PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. EXTERNALS & INTERNALS OF TANKS Gauge platform Tank gauging instrument Spark proof gauge hatch with steeling well + pv valves Goose neck Rolling ladder / Rolling ladder wheel Automatic bleeder vent PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. EXTERNALS & INTERNALS OF TANKS Roof drain assembly Emergency roof drain Leg support Roof seal system Roof manhole Roof pontoons Earthing cable Foam dam PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. CÄCERNALS & INTERNALS OF TANKS PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine A.

. FIXED ROOF TANK Fixed Roof Vent line Dip Hatch Pipe Receiving Line Inter tank transfer line Dip Hatch O Root anh01e Recirculation Line Pump suction line Heel stripping line Syphonic drain line Drain Funnel 1 Man Hole Datum Plate Legend Pump 1 Clean Out Door PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FIXED CUM FLOATING ROOF TANK Dip Hatch Pipe Emergency Roof Drain Receivine Line Inter tank transfer line Fixed Roof Dip Hatch PRV Vent line o Roo Ole Recirculation Line Maintenance & Operation Lee Breathine valve Floating Roof Ream Seal Pontoon Box Pump suction line Heel stripping line Syphonic drain line Drain Funnel 1 Man Hole Datum Plate Legend Pump 1 Clean Out Door PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. FLOATING ROOF TANK Dip Hatch Pipe Emergency Roof drain Maintenance & Operation Lee Receiving Line Inter tank transfer line Dip Hatch Roof Drain O Breathine valve Roof Olanh0/e Floating Roof Ream Seal Pontoon Box Pump suction line Heel stripping line Syphonic drain line 1 1 Man Hole Datum Plate Legend 1 Valve are MOV, ROSOV Pump Recirculation Line Drain Funnel Clean Out Door Roof drain Flexible Hose Pipe PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. TANK COMPONENTS Co-flex type Roof drain Roof Drain- NRV PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. Emergency Roof drain PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future Breather vent.

. TANK COMPONENTS 01 Roof Manhole Roof to Tank Ladder PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. TANK COMPONENTS Pontoon Box PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Fut ure PVRV.

. Jet mixer TANK COMPONENTS Drain Sump PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. DYKED ENCLOSURE + Aggregate capacity of tanks located in one dyked enclosure shall not exceed following values: 60,000 cum. fora group of fixed roof tanks. 120,000 cum. for a group of floating roof tanks Fixed cum floating roof tanks shall be treated as fixed roof tanks If a group of tanks contains both fixed and floating roof tanks, then it shall be treated as a group of fixed roof tanks for the purpose of above limits. PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. STORAGE TANK CAPACITY Gross Capacity: Capacity of the tank up to the maximum safe filling height of the tank. Nominal Capacity: Geometric volume of the tank from bottom up to curb angle in case of fixed roof tanks and the underside of the roof deck up to the maximum floating position of floating roof in case of floating roof tanks. Net Capacity: Net pumpable capacity of the tank during operation after subtracting the volume of the tank bottom contents up to the top of normal pump out nozzle from safe filling capacity of the tank. Dead stock: Product that remains in the tank at a point where the pump suction fails. PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. LAYOUT OF TANKS AS PER OISD-118 The tank height shall not exceed one and half times the diameter of the tank or 20 m whichever is less. The minimum distance between a tank shell and the inside toe of the dyke wall shall not be less than half the height of the tank. In a dyked enclosure where more than one tank is located, firewalls of minimum height 600mm shall be provided. > The height of tank enclosure dyke (including free board) shall be at least 1.0 m and shall not be more than 2.0 m above average inside grade level. Dyked enclosure shall be able to contain the complete contents of the largest tank in the dyke in case of any emergency. > A group of small tanks each not exceeding 9 meters in diameter and in all not exceeding 5000 M in capacity shall be treated as one tank for the provision of firewall. PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. INTER-DISTANCE BETWEEN TANKS Floating roof tanks (Class A & B) : Dia upto 50M or more = (D+d)/4 Fixed roof tanks (Class A & B) : Dia upto 50M = (D+d)/4 Fixed roof tanks (Class A& B) : Dia more than 50M or more = Distance between Class C tanks: Dia upto 50M = (D+d)/6 PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future (D+d)/3.

. DYKED ENCLOSURE Separation distances between the nearest tanks located in separate dykes shall not be less than the diameter of the larger of the two tanks or 30 m, whichever is more. Class-A and / or Class-B petroleum may be stored in the same-dyked enclosure. Class-C petroleum should preferably be stored in separate enclosure. *Excluded petroleum shall be stored in a separate dyked enclosure and shall not be stored along with Class-A, Class-B or Class-C petroleum. *Tanks shall be arranged in maximum two rows so that each tank is approachable from the road surrounding the enclosure. *Tanks having 50,000 m3 capacity and above shall be laid in single row. PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. REFERENCE HEIGHT Datum height: Height of datum plate from bottom of tank Safe filling height: Height from datum plate up to safe filling capacity Reference height: Height from datum plate to a reference mark at dip hatch Calibration chart: To calculate volume with respect to height of tank Tank Factor: Approx volume of tank per cm height PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. SAFETY SYSTEMS OF TANKS Sprinkler system Foam System Rim seal fire protection system High volume long range monitor (HVLRM) Double headed hydrant monitor Medium expansion foam generator Gas detection system -CCTV Flame detection system PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. SAFETY SYSTEMS OF TANKS Foam Pourer Rim seal fire protection PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. SAFETY SYSTEMS OF TANKS Sprinkler HVLRM PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM - TANKS Electrical system: Cathodic protection (CP) system Earthing System Bonding (Shell to ladder & Roofto ladder) Instrumentation system: Level transmitter (Servo & Radar) Temperature Transmitter PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM - TANKS Temperature Radar Side Monitor - System Communications AC Power 2-wire is. HART 2-wire i.s. DC Power PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future Temperature.

. DRAINING SYSTEM OF TANKS Draining System: Oily water system (OWS) Contaminated rain water system (CRWS) Storm water system / open drain PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. DRAINING SYSTEM OF TANKS Valve Pit Storm Water Pond Roof drain Sand trap CRWS sump Tank Tank dyke Surface Drain Siphon drain ows sump WWTP PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. DO's and DON'Ts • Un-authorized entry restricted. •Do not carry mobile phone inside Refinery/ tank farm area. •Always use proper PPE's. •Watch your steps and use handrails. • Maintain good housekeeping. •In case of any abnormalities inform control room immediately. •Maintain clear and proper communication with control room. • Sampling and water draining has to be done in presence of authorized persons. •Never leave water draining from tanks without isolating drain isolation valve. • Do not allow tank dip to increase beyond safe filling height of the tank. PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.

. DO's and DON'Ts • Proper line up to be checked before receiving or pumping out to/from a tank. •Tank dip showing in instrument is to be cross checked by manual dipping intermittently. •Check tank level depletion/increase by comparing with receiving/pumping out rate. •Use proper tools & tackles. •Do not allow any job(both HOT & COLD) with out clearance in work permit system •Always be aware of up-wind direction and emergency exit. •Break glass of nearest manual call point during fire. •Be aware of siren codes and assembly point PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT A Sunrise Project fora Sunshine Future.