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Namaste bachcho! 👋 Aaj hum samjhenge Bharat ke shehri jeevan ka safar — ek chhoti si kahani Harappan shehron se lekar Ganga plains tak. Pehle hum dekhenge kaise bani thi pehli shahari sabhyata, phir kaise woh gir gayi, aur kaise phir se shuru hui doosri urbanisation. Yeh timeline of India’s urbanisation hume batati hai — kaise Bharat ne rural life se city life tak ka safar tay kiya! Chaliye, shuru karte hain is interesting journey ke saath!. 

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Period Phase Key Features Evidence/Sources Result / Impact Before 2000 BCE First Urbanisation (Indus / Harappan Civilisation) - Planned cities with drainage and sanitation- Writing system- Trade and specialised occupations- Central administration Archaeological sites like Harappa, Mohenjo-daro India’s earliest urban culture Early 2nd Millennium BCE (after 2000 BCE) Decline of Harappan Civilisation - Cities abandoned or became villages- Disappearance of urban systems (buildings, markets, writing, administration)- Return to rural life Excavations show deserted cities Urban life disappeared for nearly 1000 years 1st Millennium BCE Second Urbanisation - New urban growth in Ganga plains and parts of Indus basin- Spread to other regions- Rise of trade, crafts, and new settlements (1) Archaeological findings(2) Literary sources – Vedic, Buddhist, Jain texts Revival of cities and start of continuous urban development till today

[Audio] Let’s go back over four thousand years ago, to the time of India’s first urbanisation — the Indus or Harappan civilisation. This was one of the world’s earliest urban cultures, known for its planned cities, brick houses, and advanced drainage systems. People were skilled craftsmen, traders, and builders. They used a written script, followed a system of administration, and maintained well organised city life. Great cities like Harappa and Mohenjodaro stood as symbols of this urban achievement — India’s first great experiment with urban living.. 

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First Urbanisation — Indus/Harappan Civilisation- (c. 2600-1900 BCE)

Planned cities with drainage and sanitation Writing system Trade and specialised occupations Central administration

[Audio] Around two thousand B-C-E--, this grand civilisation began to decline. Many cities were abandoned, while others slowly changed into small villages. The urban features — like large buildings, crowded markets, writing, and central administration — disappeared. People moved toward a simpler, rural lifestyle, depending mainly on farming and local crafts. For almost a thousand years, urban life vanished from most parts of India — leaving behind silent ruins that tell the story of a once vibrant civilisation.. 

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Decline of First Urbanisation- (after ~2000 BCE)

Cities abandoned or became villages Disappearance of urban systems (buildings, markets, writing, administration) Return to rural life

[Audio] Then, around the first millennium B-C-E--, India witnessed the rise of a new phase of urbanisation. This time, it began in the Ganga plains and parts of the Indus basin, later spreading across the subcontinent. New towns emerged, supported by trade, craft production, and powerful kingdoms called the Mahajanapadas. Archaeological remains and Vedic, Buddhist, and Jain texts speak of this revival — the Second Urbanisation of India. This marked the return of city life, laying the foundation for continuous urban growth that continues even today.. 

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Second Urbanisation — Second Urbanisation in the Ganga Plains (1st millennium BCE)

The Great Sixteen - Mahajanapadas (600 -330 BCE)

New urban growth in Ganga plains and parts of Indus basin  Spread to other regions Rise of trade, crafts, and new settlements

spar/video1/92068/sst_class_6_chapter_4_i_p4bda7037/mp4_subtitles_bAsQupZQMj.mp4

Timeline of India's Urbanisation


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Namaste bachcho! 👋 Aaj hum samjhenge Bharat ke shehri jeevan ka safar — ek chhoti si kahani Harappan shehron se lekar Ganga plains tak. Pehle hum dekhenge kaise bani thi pehli shahari sabhyata, phir kaise woh gir gayi, aur kaise phir se shuru hui doosri urbanisation. Yeh timeline of India’s urbanisation hume batati hai — kaise Bharat ne rural life se city life tak ka safar tay kiya! Chaliye, shuru karte hain is interesting journey ke saath!

Let’s go back over four thousand years ago, to the time of India’s first urbanisation — the Indus or Harappan civilisation

This was one of the world’s earliest urban cultures, known for its planned cities, brick houses, and advanced drainage systems

People were skilled craftsmen, traders, and builders

They used a written script, followed a system of administration, and maintained well organised city life

Great cities like Harappa and Mohenjodaro stood as symbols of this urban achievement — India’s first great experiment with urban living.

Around two thousand B-C-E--, this grand civilisation began to decline

Many cities were abandoned, while others slowly changed into small villages

The urban features — like large buildings, crowded markets, writing, and central administration — disappeared

People moved toward a simpler, rural lifestyle, depending mainly on farming and local crafts

For almost a thousand years, urban life vanished from most parts of India — leaving behind silent ruins that tell the story of a once vibrant civilisation.

Then, around the first millennium B-C-E--, India witnessed the rise of a new phase of urbanisation

This time, it began in the Ganga plains and parts of the Indus basin, later spreading across the subcontinent

New towns emerged, supported by trade, craft production, and powerful kingdoms called the Mahajanapadas

Archaeological remains and Vedic, Buddhist, and Jain texts speak of this revival — the Second Urbanisation of India

This marked the return of city life, laying the foundation for continuous urban growth that continues even today.

Timeline of India's Urbanisation

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