Gerunds and Infinitives: Understanding Verb Patterns

[Audio] Gerunds and Infinitives: Understanding Verb Patterns.

[Audio] Introduction to Verb Patterns When combining two verbs, the second verb typically takes one of these forms: Infinitive (with or without 'to') -ing form (gerund) Past participle (V3) The pattern depends on the first verb used.

[Audio] Verbs plus Infinitive with 'to' Common verbs that require infinitive with 'to': agree: "I agree to help" decide: "They decided to leave" expect: "We expect to arrive" promise: "She promised to return" want: "I want to study" verb plus infinitive with to agree, arrange, ask, beg, dare, decide, expect, fail, happen, hope, manage, mean, offer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, want, wish, would like, would prefer and help (can also be infinitive without to)..

[Audio] Verbs plus -ing Form Common verbs followed by gerund: avoid: "Let's avoid making noise" enjoy: "I enjoy reading" finish: "They finished working" keep: "Keep trying" suggest: "She suggested going out„ verb plus -ing form admit, advise, avoid, can't bear, can't help, can't stand, carry on, consider, delay, dislike, deny, enjoy, envisage, fancy, feel like, finish, give up, have difficulty, like, imagine, intend, it's no good, it's not worth, justify, keep (on), mind, miss, postpone, practise, propose, put off, recollect, recommend, risk, spend (time), stop, suggest..

[Audio] Flexible Verb Patterns Verbs that work with both forms (minimal or no change in meaning): begin: "begin to rain" / "begin raining" continue: "continue to work" / "continue working" like: "like to swim" / "like swimming" prefer: "prefer to eat" / "prefer eating" start: "start to rain" / "start raining".

[Audio] Meaning Changes: Forget Forget plus -ing = forgetting a past event "I won't forget meeting you at the party" Forget plus to = forgetting to do something "I forgot to buy milk".

[Audio] Meaning Changes: Remember Remember plus -ing = remembering a past event "I remember locking the door" Remember plus to = remembering to do something "Remember to lock the door".

[Audio] Meaning Changes: Stop Stop plus -ing = end an action "She stopped walking" Stop plus to = pause to do something "She stopped to rest".

[Audio] Meaning Changes: Try Try plus -ing = experiment with an action "Try adding more salt" Try plus to = attempt to do something "Try to solve this puzzle".

[Audio] Meaning Changes: Regret Regret plus -ing = sorry about past action "I regret telling her the secret" Regret plus to = sorry to say/inform "We regret to inform you".

I forgot to meet him. (l didn't meet him because I forgot to do it.) forget I forgot meeting him. (l don't have the memory of meeting him before.) He went on to learn English and French. (He ended one period of time before this.) go on He went on learning English and French. (He continued learning the languages.) She quit to work here. (She quit another job in order to work here.) quit She quit working here. (She quit her job here. She doesn't work here anymore.) I regret promising to help you. (I'm sorry that I made the promise.) regret I regret to tell you that we can't hire you. (I'm telling you now, and I'm sorry.) She remembered to visit her grandmother. (She didn't forget to visit.) remember She remembered visiting her grandmother. (She had memories of this time.) I stopped to call you. (l interrupted another action in order to call you.) stop I stopped calling you. (l stopped this activity. Maybe we had a fight.) I tried to open the window. (l attempted this action but didn't succeed.) try I tried opening the window. (This was one ootion I samoled. Mavbe the room was hot.).

[Audio] Perception Verbs Verbs like see, hear, watch, feel: Object plus infinitive (without to) = completed action "I saw her leave the room" Object plus -ing = action in progress "I saw her leaving the room".

[Audio] Verb plus Object plus to Infinitive Common patterns: allow someone to do expect someone to do persuade someone to do remind someone to do want someone to do.

[Audio] Verb plus Object plus Infinitive (without to) Special cases: have: "I had them repair it" make: "She made me laugh" let: "Let me help you" help: "Help me carry this".

[Audio] -ing Forms as Subject/Object As subject: "Swimming is a good way to stay fit" As object: "I love travelling" In phrases: "It's worth visiting" With prepositions: „Interested in learning".

[Audio] Special Expressions No 'to' needed after: would rather: "would rather go" had better: "had better leave" why not: "why not try?" would sooner: "would sooner wait".