PowerPoint Presentation

Enhancing University Building Performance: A Methodology To Investigate Maintenance And Operational Conditions.

Presentation Outline 1.0 Background Of Study 2.0 Problem Statement 3.0 Research Aim, Questions And Objectives 4.0 Significance Of Study 5.0 References.

[Audio] 1.0 Background Of Study Educational Building: Education is a pivotal element within Malaysia's Strategic Thrust, serving as a cornerstone for propelling the nation towards achieving high income status and attaining a developed country. Educational buildings are important because they provide the physical infrastructure and environment necessary for the teaching and learning processes, contribute to the overall development of individuals, and play a crucial role in advancing knowledge, culture, and society as a whole. Teaching and Learning Facilities: Good management and maintenance of teaching and learning facilities makes the building life longer and consequently impacts students' academic performance. Educational buildings are important because they provide the physical infrastructure and environment necessary for the teaching and learning processes, contribute to the overall development of individuals, and play a crucial role in advancing knowledge, culture, and society as a whole.

[Audio] Maintenance Management: Implementing a maintenance management system in educational buildings is important to ensure that assets are preserved from defects and failures, further optimizing their functions to improve the performance of educational outcomes and student satisfaction. Maintenance management in an institution is integrated as part of institutional management. Asiabaka (2008), Hasbollah and others, (2018), and Rahman M et. al., (2019) also emphasized that maintenance is important to ensure a conducive learning environment in an institution. In Malaysia, a specific agency or ministry overlooks the maintenance of the public building, the Ministry of Works (K-K-R--). All maintenance activities at the public facility must receive approval from K-K-R before maintenance can be done. The maintenance activities also must follow the guidelines and the circular provided by the ministry. Public Work Department (P-W-D--) is a federal government department under the Ministry of Works in charge of constructing and managing public infrastructures such as roads, government buildings, schools, hospitals, airports, harbors, piers, and related engineering work (JKR/SIRIM, 2020)..

[Audio] Maintenance Management Models There are several models of maintenance management that have been applied during the in use or operation period of the building life cycle. Table 1 below presents the summary of outcome review of identified models of building maintenance management retrieved from various maintenance guidelines and publications, each of the models is discussed in brief in the following slide..

[Audio] Table 1: Classification of Building Maintenance Model Author Type of Maintenance Planned Maintenance Unplanned Maintenance British Standards Institution BS 8544: (2013) Corrective maintenance, Preventive maintenance, Proactive maintenance, Reactive maintenance Olanrewaju and Abdul Aziz (2015) Preventive maintenance, predictive maintenance, and proactive maintenance Corrective maintenance Saleem M A Abuznaid (2018) Preventive maintenance, Predictive maintenance, and Scheduling maintenance Corrective maintenance P Palis (2019) Planned maintenance, Predictive maintenance, and Preventive maintenance Corrective maintenance N Nadia et al (2020) Preventive maintenance, Statutory maintenance, Corrective maintenance Backlog maintenance. N Sipumelele et all (2022) Condition based Maintenance, Reliability centered maintenance Total productive maintenance.

[Audio] Planned Maintenance Planned maintenance is scheduled at fixed intervals of a certain number of days, months, quarters, seasons, years, or some other predetermined interval. The intervals are based on how much the service part in question has been used (Jenvald, 2020). In planned maintenance, maintenance work is conducted according to the organization’s recommended maintenance procedure. It does not require the consumer’s request to preserve and maintain the facilities. The purpose of planned maintenance is to determine what work needs to be completed and how it needs to be done. Planned maintenance starts with a problem and identifies the materials, tools, and tasks necessary to work on the problem. Planned maintenance is when the maintenance on the building and facilities can be scheduled in advance. Planned maintenance is conducted to avoid the element from damage and failure (Onawoga, & Akinyemi, 2010)..

[Audio] Unplanned Maintenance Unplanned maintenance is any maintenance that is needed unexpectedly. Unplanned maintenance is commonly the result of equipment failure that was not expected (Mobley 2002, Jenvald and Hovmoller, 2020). When an unplanned event happens, the defective part is replaced with a new one. It is tough to estimate the unplanned maintenance, compared to the planned maintenance. Unplanned maintenance is conducted when the element is already damaged and broken down (Onawoga, & Akinyemi, 2010). This maintenance work is conducted based on user request and not to be scheduled in advance (Rahman, 2007)..

[Audio] Overview Of Sustainable Development Goal (sdg) For University Building Maintenance Environmental, Social and Governance (E-S-G--) can be described as a set of practices (policies, procedures, metrics, et cetera) that organizations implement to limit negative impact or enhance positive impact on the environment, society, and governance bodies. The term E-S-G first came to prominence in a 2004 report titled "Who Cares Wins", which was a joint initiative of financial institutions at the invitation of the United Nations (U-N---). With global markets increasingly focused on sustainability and responsible practices, growing businesses must embrace environmental, social and governance (E-S-G--) factors if they are to survive and thrive..

[Audio] Figure 1 below shows the Illustration of Sustainable Development Goal for Higher Education Goal indicator For S-D-G No 4 Figure 1: Illustration of Sustainable Development Goal for Higher Education Goal indicator for S-D-G No 4 (Ibrahim, 2017).

[Audio] 2..0 Methodology Of Study The research strategy in stage one is used to design a methodology on how to research to answer the research question (Shruti & Sudeshna, 2016, B Khalisah, 2018, Elizabeth 2024). Research Strategy Data Collection The selected qualitative research strategy for this study incorporated a comprehensive literature review, a case study, interviews with a group of respondents possessing established experience and knowledge of the teaching and learning facilities in the educational building, a building condition assessment (B-C-A--), and the utilization of quick response (Q-R---) codes. Data Analysis Result Interpretation Conclusion & Discussion A qualitative method adopted in this dissertation concerns meaning, experiences, description, et cetera, which is subjective (Farhani, 2022). Figure 2: Research Methodology Process.

[Audio] 2.1 Quick Respond Code (QR Code) Application for Building Maintenance Report. A QR code is a two dimensional barcode that can be scanned with a smartphone or a QR code reader to quickly obtain information or execute numerous actions. The QR code is made up of black square dots organized on a white background and can hold a variety of data, including text, U-R-L-s-, contact information, and even directions for a particular action. According to Hung and others (2020), a QR code is a form of matrix barcode (or two dimensional barcode) that was devised in 1994 by the Japanese automotive firm Denso Wave to track vehicles during manufacturing, but it has subsequently been utilized for a variety of different applications. The basic goal of QR codes is to give a quick and easy way to transmit information. When scanned, the QR code can do operations such as opening a website, displaying text or messages, starting a phone call, sending an email, or prompting consumers to download an application..

[Audio] 2.2 Building Condition Assessment (B-C-A--) Building condition assessment is expanding concerning Malaysia's building environment (Yacob et.al., 2016), they also mentioned that B-C-A systems, Building Condition Inspection for Existing Buildings, and Buildings Guidelines, were created in response to challenges that Malaysia encounters in managing and preserving government building assets. According to British Standards Institution, BS 3811, a glossary of the term used in general maintenance organisation 1964, building maintenance is defined as “work undertaken to keep or restore every facility, in other words every part of a site, building and contents to an acceptable standard” (Allen, 1993, Khalid 2019). Building Condition Assessments (BCAs) are critical components of building maintenance that assist in finding inadequacies, defects, and possible problems within a building's structure, systems, and components. Not every building component needs immediate repair. B-C-A's help to prioritize maintenance needs based on the severity of the faults found. This guarantees that resources are efficiently directed to vital areas first, reducing the likelihood of costly repairs or safety issues. Regular maintenance, guided by B-C-A-s-, can considerably increase the lifespan of a building. Addressing small concerns promptly can typically prevent greater structural difficulties, extending the building's overall durability and functionality.

[Audio] 2.3 Semi Structured Interview In a semi structured interview, the interview question design must be consistent with the study objectives to ensure logic, comprehensiveness, and accuracy (Mohd Kharudin 2020). According to the literature review, two types of questionnaires are frequently used to acquire information through the questionnaire: open ended questions and closed ended questions. (McLeod, 2014: B Khalisah, 2018). Interviews can be conducted in two ways: face to face and over the phone. In an in person interview, an interviewer or a group of interviewers asks the interviewee questions face to face..

[Audio] 3.0 Research Aim & Research Questions The study aimed to investigate the operational performance and maintenance conditions in teaching and learning facilities in educational buildings in one of the higher educational institutions in Malaysia A-I-M What are the current operational performance and maintenance issues of teaching and learning facilities in the educational building of K-A-E-D RO 1 What factors currently influence the operational performance and maintenance condition of the teaching and learning facilities in the K-A-E-D building? RO 2 What strategies can be recommended to improve the operational performance and maintenance condition of the teaching and learning facilities in K-A-E-D? RO 3.

[Audio] 4.0 Significance Of Study Relevance Current Needs Specific Issues: This case study discusses problems or difficulties that organizations or buildings of a similar nature currently face. Relevant Solutions: It provides tactics and solutions that immediately apply to the organisation's circumstances. Educational Opportunities Top Techniques: demonstrates effective maintenance techniques and replicable processes. Errors to Avoid: Identifies potential hazards and mistakes, guiding how to avoid them. Holistic Perspective Extensive Overview: Provides a comprehensive perspective on building maintenance, addressing various topics such as proactive, reactive, and predictive maintenance. Multidisciplinary Method: incorporates knowledge from various fields, including environmental science, engineering, and facility management..

[Audio] 5.0 References Elizabeth De Poy. (2024).Introduction to Research e book: Understanding and applying multiple strategies Hasbollah, H R , Nazaruddin, M Y , and Nawi, M N M (2018) The green and sustainable care facilities of elderly care home: An Exploratory Study of Rumah Seri Kenangan Cheras, Selangor, Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 9(11), 1430-1439. Jenvald, Mattias. and Hovmöller, Mikael. (2020) Reducing Delays for Unplanned Maintenance of Service Parts in M-R-O Workshops: A case study at an aerospace and defense company. JKR/SIRIM 2:2020. (2020). Penarafan Hijau (pHJKR) bagi Fasiliti Bangunan Kediaman dan Bukan Kediaman. Shah Alam Selangor& Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur. J-K-R Green Product Directory Site. (n.d.). Retrieved February 14, 2022, from gov Olanrewaju & Abdul Aziz (2015). Building Maintenance Processes, Principles, Procedures, Practices, and Strategies. pp 79–129 Onawoga, D T , & Akinyemi, O O (2010) Development of equipment maintenance strategy for critical equipment. The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 11(1), 328-342.

[Audio] Rahman, M A A., Musa, M K , Awang, M., Ahmad, F H , & Hamidon, N (2019). Exploring issues and problems perceived by occupants of Malaysian affordable housing. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(8 S), 398–401. Salem. M (2018). Investigation of Life Circle Cost (L-C-C--) Analysis Practice of University Mosque Maintenance during the in use Phase. P Palis (2019). Best Practices for Public Universities Building Maintenance.