English Lectures

learning ENGLISH Lecture NO 01: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U 5 watt 10 Y Z Vowels:A,E,I,O,U Semi vowels:Y,W Consonants:B,C,D………………….. Hello Hi How do you do! The answer is the same as. How do you do! How are you? I am fine.Thank you ok pretty fair Not bad Just bearing up Ace born born Where are you from? I’m from Pakistan. Where are you from? I’m from india. How are you from? I’m from lahore. I am going to the plaza.This is the end of the movie. We pronounced one word in different ways. Here we clear the concept of the and the. When the is used before constants then we pronounced is theاد For example:.

[Audio] The plaza The sound And when we use the before the vowels word then we pronounced theید The end The wedding Last night I dreamt of San Pedro Just like I'd never gone, I knew the song A young girl with eyes like the desert It all seems like yesterday, not far away Lecture no 02: Parts of speech Interjection Noun Pronoun Adjectives verb Adverb Prepositi on Conjunctio n مﺳامﺳا مﺳا لﻌﻓلﻌﻓ فرﺣ تﻔﺻ فرﺣ فطﻋ فرﺣ فﺳﺎﺗ رﯾﻣﺿ قﻠﻌﺗﻣ رﺎﺟ,طﺑر (1)Noun: Noun is like a naming word. Nouns are words that are used for naming people,places,things,animals,ideas. There are two main types of nouns. Zahra goes to school..

[Audio] (a)Common noun: Common noun is generic like ball ,car,pen stick for instance (b)Proper noun: Proper nouns are specific names for individual things or proper nouns like a unique entity like New york,London,Facebook,oxford. (2)Pronoun: Pronouns are used for noun place. She goes to school. (3)Adjective: Is used for nouns or pronouns expressing the qualities. Zahra is beautiful. Zahra is naughty. (4)Verb: Verbs are used for performing action. Verbs denote action words and are being used as a noun or subject in the sentence. They are also called action words. Zahra plays cricket every day. (5)Adverb: Is used to modify verbs and adjectives. Adverbs are words that are used to provide more information about the verbs,adjectives and adverbs used in sentences. Zahra is running very fast. (6)Preposition: Is used for noun or pronoun to express the relation with other words. Like in,at,on,of,and to,under,beside. She put the pizza in the oven. Without putting it in this sentence I can't understand the sentence's meaning. (7)Conjunction: Conjunction is used to join the words when we use two names or two places in the same sentence at the same time. Zahra and Hoorain had come to my birthday party..

[Audio] (8)Interjection: Is used for expressing emotions or feelings with voice. Hurrah! Oops! Ahh! Aouch! Wow! Verb Actionلﻣﻋ State of beingتﻟﺎﺣ Possessionتﯾﮑﻟﺎﻣ He is going. He is a boy. I have a pen. Is used to perform action. Is used to modify a condition in the sentence. Is the state of something having or something owned. He goes to school in the morning. Subject Predicateشﯾﭘﯽﺋوﮔ He writes a letter blah blah. Subject verb object Extension ۔وﮐﮯﻧ ﺎﮭﮐ مآ ﮯﮨ ﺎﺗرﮐ لد ارﯾﻣ S Feel like v(1)ing O E I feel like eating mangoes.

[Audio] I feel like playing cricket. I feel like drinking water. I feel like sleeping on the bed. I Feel like going to the park. Lecture no 03: Infinitive: Present(Base form) Past Past participle Present participle Infinitive ) ردﺻﻣ(ﺎﻧﺎﻧ To go (ﺎﻧﺎﺟ) Infinitive Farmula (to plus Base form), v1 Present (Base form) Past Past Participle Present Participle Go Went Gone Going zaroorat(need).

[Audio] S is,am,are,was,were to v(1) O E I am to go. I was to go. ﮯﮨ ﺎﻧﺎﺟ ﮯﮭﺟﻣ ﺎﮭﺗ ﺎﻧﺎﺟ ﮯﮭﺟﻣ Majbori() S Has , have, had to v(1) O E I have to go. I had to go. ﮯﮨ ﺎﺗڑﭘﺎﻧﺎﺟ ﮯﮭﺟﻣ ﺎﮭﺗ ﺎﺗڑﭘ ﺎﻧﺎﺟ ﮯﮭﺟﻣ.

[Audio] 1: 2:. 1: 2:.

3:.

[Audio] Lecture no 04: Tense Past (ﯽﺿﺎﻣ) Present(لﺎﺣ) Future(لﺑﻘﺗﺳﻣ) ،ﺎﮭﺗﯽﮭﺗ،ﮯﮭﺗﺎﯾ،نﯾﮨ،نوﮨ ،ﮯﮨﮯﮔ ،ﯽﮔ ،ﺎﮔ Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Continuous Continuous Continuous Perfect Perfect Perfect Perfect continuous Perfect continuous Perfect continuous.

[Audio] Tense Past (ﯽﺿﺎﻣ) Present(لﺎﺣ) Future(لﺑﻘﺗﺳﻣ) ،ﺎﮭﺗﯽﮭﺗ،ﮯﮭﺗﺎﯾ،نﯾﮨ،نوﮨ ،ﮯﮨﮯﮔ ،ﯽﮔ ،ﺎﮔ Wasﺎﮭﺗ Is ,am,are ،ﮯﮨنﯾﮨ،نوﮨ Will ،ﺎﮔ،ﯽﮔﮯﮔ Wereﮯﮭﺗ Hasﺎﻧﮭﮐر Shall ،ﺎﮔ،ﯽﮔﮯﮔ Had z Has beenﺎﺗﮭﮐرﺎھر Will beوھﺎھرﺎﮔوھ Had been Haveﺎﺗﮭﮐر Shall beوھﺎھرﺎﮔوھ have been Will have beenیرﺎﺟ The past indefinite tense.

Past Indefinite Tense etTense has been have -eg4Césince Ifor We boarded the train They give us a gift.

[Audio] s(subject) plus Verb plus object plus ExtensionSV(2) OE Inenglish=S plus 5 plus O plus EInurdu=S plus O plus 5 plus E ﺎﮭﮑﻟطﺧﮏﯾاﮯﻧںﯾﻣ Iwrotealetter. Simplepastindefinitetens: مﮨیڑﺎﮔںﯾﻣراوﺳﮯﺋوﮨ Weboardedthetrain. ںوﮩﻧاﮯﻧمﮨوﮐہﻔﺣﺗﺎﯾد Theygaveusagift. دﯾﻣﺣﮯﻧمﺎﻌﻧالﺻﺎﺣﺎﯾﮐ Hameedwontheprize. ںوﮔوﻟﮯﻧروﭼوﮐاڑﮑﭘ Thepeoplecaughtthethief. ﮯﺗﮐﮯﻧشوﮔرﺧﺎﮐبﺎﻌﺗﺎﯾﮐ Thedogchasedtherabbit. ںﯾﻣﮯﻧطﺧکاڈںﯾﻣﻻاڈ Ipostedtheletter..

[Audio] مﺗﮯﻧﮯﮭﺟﻣﮯﺋﺎﭼرﭘﺎﯾﻼﺑ You invited me to tea. یرﺎﻣﮨمﯾﭨﮯﻧﭻﯾﻣتﯾﺟﺎﯾﻟ Our team won the match. ںوﮐڑﻟﮯﻧروﺷﺎﯾﺎﭼﻣ The boys made a noise. دﯾﺟﻣﮯﻧتروﺻﺑوﺧرﯾوﺻﺗﯽﺋﺎﻧﺑ Majeed made a beautiful picture. یدادںﺎﻣاﮯﻧںﯾﻣﮨبﯾﺟﻋﯽﻧﺎﮩﮐﯽﺋﺎﻧﺳ The grandmother told us a strange story. ہﺑﻠطﮯﻧقﺑﺳﺎﯾﺎﻧﺳ The students told the lesson. دﺎﺗﺳاﮯﻧقﺑﺳﯽﮭﭼاحرطﺎﯾﺎھڑﭘ The teacher taught the lesson well. هونﺎﺟﮯﻧﺎﭼﺑﮯﻟﮯﺋﻟگﺎﮭﺑاڑﮭﮐاوﮨ He ran away to save his life. ساﮯﻧﯽﻧﭘابﺎﺗﮐﮯﻧﯾدﮯﺳرﺎﮑﻧارﮐﺎﯾد He refused to give his book. Negative past indefinite tense: s(subject) plus Verb plus object plus Extension.

[Audio] S plus did not V(1) O E. S+did not V(1) O E.

Past Indefinite Tense eJldFJYAdid not . C' He did not obey his parents They did not help us You did not fulfil your promise People did not protest against law The police did not arrest the thief.

[Audio] Negativepastindefinitetense: ساﮯﻧنﯾدﻟاوﺎﮐمﮑﺣہﻧﺎﻧﺎﻣ Hedidnotobeyhisparents. ںوﮩﻧاﮯﻧیرﺎﻣﮨددﻣںﯾﮩﻧﯽﮐ Theydidnothelpus. مﺗﮯﻧﺎﻧﭘاهدﻋواروﭘہﻧﺎﯾﮐ Youdidnotfulfillyourpromise. ںوﮔوﻟﮯﻧسانوﻧﺎﻗﮯﮐفﻼﺧجﺎﺟﺗﺣاہﻧﺎﯾﮐ Thepeoplesdidnotprotestagainsthislaw. سﯾﻟوﭘﮯﻧروﭼوﮐرﺎﺗﻓرﮔہﻧﺎﯾﮐ ThePolicedidnotarrestthethief. سﯾﻟوﭘﮯﻧموﺟﮨوﮐرﺷﺗﻧﻣہﻧﺎﯾﮐ Thepolicedidnotdispersethecrowd. هوازﺳﮯﺳہﻧﺎﭼﺑ Hedidnotescapepunishment. مﺗﮯﻧیرﯾﻣﮏﯾاہﻧﯽﻧﺳ Youdidnotlistentome. ںوﮩﻧاﮯﻧﮯﮭﺟﻣﮏﯾافرطہﻧﻼﯾﮑھد Theydidnotpushmeaside. مﮨﮯﻧﯽﮑﺳاهاورﭘہﻧﯽﮐ Wedidnotcareforhim..

[Audio] لﭘﺳﻧرﭘﮯﻧتﺎﻣﺎﻌﻧامﯾﺳﻘﺗہﻧﮯﯾﮐ The principal did not distribute the prizes. ںﯾﻣﮯﻧﺎﮑﺳاقاذﻣہﻧﺎﯾاڑا I did not make fun of him. جوﻓﮯﻧہﻌﻠﻗرﭘہﺿﺑﻗہﻧﺎﯾﮐ The army did not capture the fort. ناوﻠﮩﭘﮯﻧﮯﻧﭘافﯾرﺣوﮐہﻧاڑﺎﮭﭼﺑ The wrestler did not knock out his opponent. ساﮯﻧٹوﮭﺟہﻧﻻوﺑ He did not tell a lie. Interrogative past indefinite sentences.

Past Indefinite Tense did who, why, how, where, • when Whom did you consult? Why did he insult you? When did the lion carry away the cow? Where did you find this book?.

[Audio] مﺗﮯﻧسﮐﮯﺳهروﺷﻣ؟ﺎﯾﻟ Whomdidyouconsult? ساﮯﻧیرﺎﮩﻣﺗﮯﺑﯽﺗزﻋںوﯾﮐ؟ﯽﮐ Whydidheinsultyou? رﯾﺷﮯﺋﺎﮔﺎﮭﭨارﮐبﮐﮯﻟ؟ﺎﯾﮔ Whendidthelioncarryawaythecow? ںﯾﮩﻣﺗہﯾبﺎﺗﮐںﺎﮩﮐﮯﺳ؟ﯽﻠﻣ Wheredidyoufindthisbook? ساﮯﻧذﻏﺎﮐںوﯾﮐ؟اڑﺎﮭﭘ Whydidhetearthebook? LectureNo05: Thenouncases: noun CASESisanothertopicwhichcomesunderNOUN.TheCASEofanountellsusaboutthepositionofthatnouninasentence.InEnglishthereareFIVECASES. Theyare: Nominativecase Objectivecase(orAccusativecase) Dativecase Possessivecase(orGenitivecase) VocativecaseAllthesefiveCaseshavebeenexplainedindetailbelow..

[Audio] Are you going as you wish in the process of learning Grammar? Take a breath. This section of Noun Cases will simplify your process. 1. Nominative case: A noun is said to be in the Nominative case if it is the subject of a verb. It usually comes before the verb. (SUBJECT is the person or the thing who or which carries out the action of the verb in the sentence) Examples: Mr Ali is an intelligent boy. Mr Ali is a proper noun in the Nominative case. The painter paints the portraits. The painter is a common noun in the Nominative case. I am buying vegetables for my family. “I" is a pronoun in the Nominative case. These examples carry another term "pronoun" which is a word used to represent a noun. For example: I, We, You, He, She, it and they are the seven pronouns. There are only seven pronouns. Only other variations of these seven pronouns are there..

[Audio] Those variations can be used in place of of the nouns. 2. Objective case (or Accusative case (مازﻟاﮯﻧﺎﮕﻟﻻاوسﯾﮐ )): Two types of objects: Direct objects:Non living for example pen,book. Indirect objects:Living for example ali,hen,cat Accusative case in which we use an object as a preposition. Nouns or pronouns are said to be in Objective cases if they are the direct objects of verbs or if they are the objects of preposition. (Direct object is the person or the thing upon whom or upon which the action of the verb is carried out). Examples: I met your sister. “Your sister" is an objective case. The vendors sell mangoes. “Mangoes" is an objective case. The book is on the table. “Table" is an objective case. It is the object of the preposition ‘on’. This is one of my policies. “Policies" is an objective case..

[Audio] It is the object of the preposition ‘of’. 3. Dative case: Indirect object also called dative case: A noun is said to be in dative case if it is the Indirect object of the verb. There should not be a preposition before the indirect object because in that case it will be the object of that preposition. Examples: The teacher gave the students a few exercises. “Students" is in dative case. It is the indirect object of the verb ‘give’. The Postman brought me a letter. “Me" is in dative case. Get him a pen. “Him" is in dative case. The next one in the Noun cases is: 4. Possessive case (Genitive case): When a noun denotes possession or ownership. A noun is said to be in the possessive case, if it denotes possession or ownership. A noun or pronoun in the possessive case is governed by the noun that follows it. Examples: This is your pencil. (“Your" is in possessive case. It is our idea. “Our" is in the possessive case..

[Audio] Living noun’s plus possession Non living plus possession plus of plus noun Zahra’s pen has been lost. Zahra’s is the possessive case. Muzammil’s watch is costly. Muzammil’s is the possessive case. John’s sister has been hospitalized. “John’s" is a possessive case. chair’s leg.This is wrong because the chair is not living. The leg of the chair. And this sentence is right because chair is non living and we use preposition not a astrophe. Books’s cover. This is wrong. The books cover.This is right. The last one in the Noun cases is: 5. Vocative case: A noun or a pronoun is said to be in Vocative case if it is used to call (or to get the attention of) a person or persons. Examples: Mr Bill, students are waiting for you in the main hall. “Mr Bill" is in the vocative case. You there, stand up. “You" is in the vocative case. Brother, a letter for you. “Brother" is in the vocative case..

[Audio] Chairman, all the letters were posted two days ago. “Chairman" is in the vocative case. The nouns do not change their forms in the Nominative and Objective cases. But few pronouns change their forms between Nominative and Objective cases. Nominative case Objective case Possessive ﯽﻠﻋﺎﻓ تﻟﺎﺣ ﯽﻟوﻣﻌﻣ تﻟﺎﺣ تﯾﮑﻠﻣ،ﯽﮭﻓ ﺎﺿا تﻟﺎﺣ I me my—---mine We us our You you your He him his She her her It It its They them their.

[Audio] Lecture No 06: Listening skills: unit 2 'So you wanna keep fit, huh?" part A Presenter: Unit two. So you wanna keep fit, huh? Part A Collins: Hi there! I'm Crystal Collins, and I'm very happy to share some time with you. So, you wanna keep fit, huh? Well, you sure came to the right place! Together we can keep fit and healthy, and be more successful. It's easy. Everybody can do it, you hear? Just remember the five golden rules: Number one. Always wear loose and comfortable clothes when you're exercising. You need to feel comfortable and relaxed. Number two. You should always do some simple warming up exercises first. To get your body ready for the real thing. Number three. Never try to do too much exercise too soon. Take it nice and easy now, you hear? There's no rush about this. Number four. Don't forget to relax completely for about five minutes when you've finished your workout. You need to rest a little bit after you've been exercising. And here is golden rule number five. Stop immediately if you feel any pain in your chest, throat, neck or head. IDIoms: 1)for good:ہﺷﯾﻣﮨﮯﮐﮯﯾﻟ He left his village for good. Give up smoking for good. 2) In black and white: Let us put the agreement in black and white. Explain the reasons for your absence from duty in black and white. When we demand anything from another person. We say that.

[Audio] Could you please give me a glass of water. Right away sir!ﯽﮭﺑانﯾﻟبﻧﺟ Here you are.ﮯﺟﯾﻟ Lecture no 07: Adjective: An adjective is a word which is used to describe, identify, modify or quantify nouns or pronouns. Adjectives have three degrees that compare one thing to another. These three degrees of adjectives express the intensity(quality) of the adjective in increasing order. The three degrees of adjectives are : (1) Positive (2) Comparative (3) Superlative 1)Positive degree Is the base of the adjective. It denotes the mere existence of a quality. In which degree we discussing about one person one thing.(only one).

[Audio] Examples of Positive degree: (1) Tina is wearing a red dress. (2) Ali runs fast. (3) The big dog chased the cat. (4) There are four pencils in the box. (5) She is a beautiful girl. (6) Mohan is an intelligent boy. (7) The colorful butterfly is sitting on flowers. (8) We ordered two burgers. (9) Reema is short in height. (10) My pencil box is square in shape. 2)Comparative degree Comparative degree: Is used to compare one noun or pronoun to another noun or pronoun. In.

[Audio] these instances, only two items are being compared. Words like than and to are used after a comparative adjective in a sentence to show comparison of the two things. Noun (subject) plus verb plus comparative adjective plus than plus noun (object). Example of comparative degree (1) This box is smaller than the one I found. (2) Reehan is smarter than usman. (3) My hair is longer than my sister's. (4) Reehan is thinner than salman. (5) He is more intelligent than his brother. (6) Apples are healthier than chips. (7) Russia is larger than France. (8) The weather is hotter than yesterday. (9) His car is cheaper than mine. (10) My watch is more expensive than yours. 3)Superlative degree.

[Audio] Superlative degree: Is used to compare two or more nouns. They’re also used to compare one thing against the rest of a group. It expresses the highest intensity (quality or quantity) of a thing in comparison to other things. Words like of and in are used after a superlative adjective in a sentence. An article ‘the’ should be used before a superlative degree when modifying a particular noun. Noun (subject) plus verb plus the plus superlative adjective plus noun (object). Example of superlative degree (1) Rohan is the tallest in the class. (2) This road is the busiest of all the roads. (3) Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. (4) Seema is the most intelligent girl in the class. (5) My house is the largest one in our area. (6) The leopard runs fastest of all animals. (7) Jupiter is the biggest planet in our solar system. (8) The North pole is the coldest place on Earth. (9) This is the most interesting book I have ever read. (10) Our english teacher is the best teacher in school..

[Audio] Rules for degrees of adjectives: Adjectives that are just one syllable 1. (a) when two objects or persons are compared, a comparative degree is made by putting ‘er’ to the adjective word in association with the word ‘than’. We add only r to the words ending with ‘e‘. When more than two objects or persons are compared, the superlative degree is made by putting ‘est’ to the adjective word. We add only st to the Words ending with ‘e‘. Example: smart – smarter – smartest. black – blacker – blackest late – later – latest strange – stranger – strangest old – older – oldest wise – wiser – wisest (b) If an adjective ends with a consonant plus vowel plus consonant , we double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form. Example: big – bigger – biggest.

[Audio] hot – hotter – hottest thin – thinner – thinnest sad – sadder – saddest flat – flatter – flattest Adjectives of two or more syllable When the adjective is long in other words of two or more syllables, we add the word more to form comparative form and most to form superlative form. Useful – more useful – most useful beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful important – more important – most important interesting –more interesting – most interesting active – more active – most active confused – more confused – most confused difficult – more difficult – most difficult famous – more famous most famous expensive – more expensive – most expensive popular – more popular – most popular.

[Audio] Irregular Degree of Adjectives There are some adjectives which do not form comparative and superlative forms. They have an irregular degree of adjectives and do not follow any rule. good – better – best bad – worse -worst much – much – most Late – later – last Far – Farther – farthest Little – Less – Least Positive Comparative Superlative angry angrier angriest brave braver bravest.

[Audio] young younger youngest weak weaker weakest thin thinner thinnest small smaller smallest wise wiser wisest ugly uglier ugliest beautiful more beautiful most beautiful big bigger biggest.

[Audio] black blacker blackest short shorter shortest quiet quieter quietest proud prouder proudest tall taller tallest strong stronger strongest intelligent more intelligent most intelligent pretty prettier prettiest.

[Audio] strange stranger strangest proud prouder proudest fierce fiercer fiercest big bigger biggest clever cleverer cleverest famous more famous most famous sweet sweeter sweetest fast faster fastest.

[Audio] wet wetter wettest confused more confused most confused noble nobler noblest bright brighter brightest handsome more handsome most handsome heavy heavier heaviest fine finer finest great greater greatest.

[Audio] noisy noisier noisiest popular more popular most popular favorite more favorite most favorite active more active most active dark darker darkest bitter bitterer bitterest calm calmer calmest brilliant more brilliant most brilliant.

[Audio] thick thicker thickest chubby chubbier chubbiest faithful more faithful most faithful bold bolder boldest cheap cheaper cheapest worthy worthier worthiest boring more boring most boring Thirsty thirstier thirstiest.

[Audio] early earlier earliest DIALOGUES between sales GIRL AND CUSTOMER. Sales Girl : Good Morning Sir/madam Customer : Good Morning, Miss S G : What Can I Do For You Sir? Customer : Thank You, : I Need A Shirt, S G : Oh, I See. : Can You Wait? : I Have An Important Call To Attend. Customer : Never Mind, That’s All Right. S G : Sorry I Kept You Waiting. : Now I Have All The Time In The World For : You. : Oh, I Remember, : You Need A Shirt. : What Kind Of Shirt Do You Want, : Sir/madam? Customer : Sorry, I Couldn't Get You. S G : I Mean, A Sleeveless Shirt Or With. Customer : Of Course, I Need An Office Shirt. S G : So You Need An Exactive Shirt, Don’t : You? Customer : Yes, I Do. S G : What Size? Customer : Fourteen And Half. S G : What Stuff? Customer : Cotton, Please. S G : What Color?.

[Audio] Customer : White, Please. S G : Sir, Here You Are. : You Can Try It. : You Can Find The Trial Room Just Over : There. Customer : Let Me See It. : I Hope It's Alright. S G : It Suits You Very Much. : It Goes Very Nice On Your Trouser. : You Look Like A Six Million Dollar Man. Customer : How Much Does It Cost? S G : Twenty Dollars. Customer : That’s Fine. : Please Pack It. S G : Right Away Sir. Customer : Where Shall I Pay? S G : Over The Counter, Sir. Customer : You Are Very Kind. : Thank You. S G : Hope You Will Come Again. Customer : I Will. Lecture No 08: Present indefinite tense:.

f ilmist Present Indefinite Tense Present Indefinite Tense Use Present Indefinite Tense tense is used to tell about an action which happens regularly. Routine work and universal facts are always told using this tense. Visit www.ilmist.com For More Helping Material.

[Audio] Person: Beforelearningtense,youneedtoknowaboutperson: Suchas1)Firstperson–I,we2)Secondperson–you,your3)Thirdperson–He,She,itandallthenames. PresentIndefiniteTenseںﯾﻣودراتارﻘﻓﮯﮐرﺧآںﯾﻣﺎﺗ‘’ﮯﮨﯽﺗ’ﮯﮨﺎﺗںوﮨهرﯾﻏوﺎﺗآﮯﮨ Use: PresentIndefiniteTenseisusedtotellaboutanactioninthepresentwhichhappensregularlyorrepeatedly.Routineworkanduniversalfactsarealwaystoldusingthistense. ساہﻧﺎﻣزﺎﮐلﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳاﮯﺳﯾاںوﻣﺎﮐﮯﮐےرﺎﺑںﯾﻣﮯﻧﺎﺗﺑﮯﺋﻠﯾﮐﺎﺗوﮨﮯﮨوﺟﯽﮔدﻋﺎﻗﺎﺑﮯﺳﮯﺗوﮨ لوﻣﻌﻣ۔ںﯾﮨﮯﮐمﺎﮐروارﯾﮕﻣﻟﺎﻋقﺋﺎﻘﺣوﮐنﺎﯾﺑﮯﻧرﮐﮯﺋﻠﯾﮐلﺎﻣﻌﺗﺳاﺎﺗوﮨﮯﮨ Inotherwords,presentindefinitetensemeansanyworkisdonecurrently. UsesofDoorDoesinpresentindefinitetense: Do/DoesDoisusedfor I.

[Audio] We You They Plural(ﻊﻣﺟ)Subject Does Is Used for He She It Name Singular(دﺣاو) Subject Forms of Verbs? First form of the verb is used in the present indefinite tense of sentences. Addition of s and es: S or Es is added after verb only if Sentences are simple.It shouldn’t be negative or interrogative. Subject is singular. Subject is not “I”.

[Audio] If the verb ends on S,ch,sh,x,o then es is added after verb.otherwise s is added. If the verb is play means before the last word is vowels then we add in s Or if the verb fly means before the last word is consonants then we add in ies. How to Make Sentences? Making of Sentences Is quite simple for this tense. Simple Sentences: (Subject plus verb plus object) In simple sentences helping verbs is not usually used.It is used only when we want to intensify(ﮏﯾانﺎﯾﺑوﮐزﯾﺗںﯾرﮐ) a statement. I go to bazaar.ںﯾﻣرازﺎﺑﺎﺗﺎﺟ۔ںوﮨ The farmers plough.نﺎﺳﮐلﮨﮯﺗﻼﭼںﯾﮨ The birds fly in the air.ےدﻧرﭘاوﮨںﯾﻣﮯﺗڑا۔ںﯾﮨ.

[Audio] We sing a songنﮨﺎﻧﺎﮔﮯﺗﺎﮔ۔ںﯾﮨ She washes the clothes.هوےڑﭘﮐﯽﺗوھدﮯﮨ Negative Sentences: (Subject plus Do/Does Not plus verb plus object) Just by adding do/does not to a simple sentence we can make negative sentences.Following are the examples with a little addition to above sentences. In negative present indefinite sentences we used Do for I , we,you they plural. In negative present indefinite sentences we used Does for He , She ,it , name singular. He does not go to bazar.هورازﺎﺑںﯾﮩﻧ۔ﺎﺗﺎﺟ.

[Audio] The farmers don’t plough.نﺎﺳﮐلﮨںﯾﮩﻧﮯﺗﻼﭼ۔ The birds don’t fly in the air.ےدﻧرﭘاوﮨﯽﻣںﯾﮩﻧﮯﺗڑا۔ We do not sing a song.مﮨﺎﻧﺎﮔںﯾﮩﻧﮯﺗﺎﮔ۔ Interrogative Sentences: (Do/Does plus Subject plus verb plus object) So interrogative sentences are simply made by adding a helping verb in the start of sentences. Does he go to school?ﺎﯾﮐهولوﮑﺳﺎﺗﺎﺟ؟ﮯﮨ Do they obey their parents?ﺎﯾﮐهوﮯﻧﭘانﯾدﻟاوﺎﮐمﮑﺣﮯﺗﻧﺎﻣ؟ںﯾﮨ Do we study?ﺎﯾﮐمﮨﮯﺗھڑﭘ؟ںﯾﮨ Do I not go for a walk?ﺎﯾﮐںﯾﻣرﯾﺳوﮐںﯾﮩﻧ؟ﺎﺗﺎﺟ.

[Audio] Does she sing a song?ﺎﯾﮐهوﺎﻧﺎﮔﯽﺗﺎﮔ؟ﮯﮨ Practice Exercise هوزﺎﻣﻧﯽﺗھڑﭘ۔ﮯﮨ She جروﺳقرﺷﻣﮯﺳﺎﺗﻠﮑﻧﮯﮨ هونﭨﻧﻣڈﯾﺑﺎﻧﻠﯾﮭﮐدﻧﺳﭘﺎﺗرﮐ۔ﮯﮨ هوںﺎﮨوںﯾﮩﻧ۔ﺎﺗﺎﺟ هوںوﻣﻠﻓںﯾﻣمﺎﮐﺎﺗرﮐ۔ﮯﮨ ﺎﯾﮐمﺗمﻠﺳاوﮐﮯﺗﻧﺎﺟ؟وﮨ ﺎﯾﮐہﯾکڑﺳلﺎﺗﭘﺳﮨﯽﺗﺎﺟ؟ﮯﮨ The Real English Grammar:.

[Audio] Read the information about Anita and her sister and put the words from the box in the right form into the gaps. have ,share ,never, we, live, work, take ,take, see, speak, offer, often, love go, phone, buy, finish. Anita Lives in Bangalore in the south of India.She has a flat in the north of Bangalore. The flat has a sitting room, two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a bathroom.She share the flat with her sister Mridul. Her sister is two years older than her. They like each other very much and they never argue about anything. Their father and mother live in Hyderabad ,in the center of India. Bangalore is a long way from Hyderabad, so the sisters see their parents only three and four times in a year. Anita and Mridul both work in a telephone call center. The telephone call center is in the south of Bangalore. They take a bus to work every morning. They both speak very good English and every day they phone all around the world and sell insurance products. They also offer " people loans'' to people who need to borrow money. Most of the people that they speak to on the phone are friendly, but sometimes people can be quite rude. They finish work at about six in the evening and then they buy something in the local supermarket and take the bus home.In the evenings, AnIta goes to a yoga class and Mridul often to a dancing class..

[Audio] Mridul loves Indian dancing. Lecture No 09: Important phrasal verbs: 1)Give up the ghost:قﻟﺎﺧﯽﻘﯾﻘﺣﮯﺳﺎﺟﺎﻧﻠﻣ After a prolonged illness,he gave up the ghost. 2) Died in harness:زرﻓاداﯽﺗرﮐﯽﺋاوﮨنرﻣ۔نﺎﺟ Liauqat Ali khan died in harness. 3)cock and bull story:ﯽﭨوﮭﺟﯽﻧﺎﮩﮐ It is acock and bull story,hence I don't believe it. 4)get over:بﻟﺎﻏ۔ﺎﻧآ Try to get over your difficulties. 5)make out:ﺎﻧﮭﺟﻣﺳ I can not make out what you say. 6)for good:ہﺷﯾﻣﮨکﮯﻟ Give up smoking for good. Listing skills: Amanda: Hey. I know you. You're James, right? James Roberts James: Amanda Brown. Wow! It's been a long time..

[Audio] Amanda: Yeah. Oh, are you going to the class reunion in two weeks? James: Uh, I heard about it, but I'm not sure. Where is it? Amanda: The reunion is going to be held at the Mountain Country Club across from City Park James: And what time does it start? Amanda: I think it starts at 6:00. James: And how much does it cost? Amanda: It's twenty dollars a ticket, and that includes dinner and entertainment James: What kind of entertainment are they going to have? Amanda: They're going to have a live jazz band and dancing. Amanda: Hey, why don't we go together? James: Are you sure? Amanda: Yeah. James: Well, sure. Why not? To be honest, I always thought you were very nice. I just never had the guts to ask you out Amanda: Well, here's your chance..