THE SUPERIOR UNIVERSITY Department Of Nursing

TRIAGE. 1.

aaxv73a oasv-30-30. THE SUPERIOR UNIVERSITY Department Of Nursing.

OBJECTIVES. At the end of this presentation, students will be able to learn depth knowledge and understanding about “TRIAGE” To Introduce and Define triage. To Explain different models of triage. To demonstrate the skills and competencies for triage. To Highlight the role of triage nurse..

TRIAGE. 4.

INTRODUCTION. Triage is the process of prioritizing patients based on the severity of their condition to ensure timely and effective medical care. It is commonly used in emergency departments, disaster situations, and mass casualty events. The main goal of triage is to save as many lives as possible by allocating limited resources efficiently..

DEFINITION. "Triage refers to the initial assessment that classifies patients according to the severity of their condition to determine priority for treatment.“ Croskerry et al. (2010) "Triage is the process of sorting patients based on the urgency of their need for care, especially when resources are limited.“ Iserson & Moskop (2007).

IMPORTANCE OF TRIAGE. ✅ Saves Lives 🕒 Improves Time Management 🏥 Organizes Patient Flow 📈 Supports Decision-Making 🤝 Enhances Patient Safety and Care Quality.

MODELS OF TRIAGE. Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) Used in: Mass casualty incidents (MCIs), prehospital disaster settings Categories: Immediate – Red: life threatening but treatable Delayed – Yellow: serious but not immediately life threatening Minor – Green: walking wound Deceased – Black: dead or unlikely to survive.

TRIAGE. 9. Victim can walk? NO Assess breathing without opening the airway Breathing? YE Assess respiratory rate > 30'rnin? NO Take pulse at wrist Present? YE Assess level Of consciousness YES GREEN Opon airway Breathing ? YES BLACK RED NO Responsive? YES Y ELLOW.

Red Triage Tag Color Victim can be helped by immediate interventions and transport. Requires medical attention within minutes for survival Includes compromises to patient’s airway, breathing and circulation..

Yellow Triage Tag Color Victim’s transport can be delayed. Includes serious and potentially life threatening injuries but status not expected to deteriorate significantly over several hours..

Green Triage Tag Color Victim with relatively minor injuries. May be able to assist in own care; Walking Wounded.

Black Triage Tag color Victim unlikely to survive given severity of injuries, level of available care, or both. Palliative care and pain relief should be provided..

Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) Used in: Canadian EDs.

Skills and Competencies to Be Developed. 🔹 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): Identify signs of cardiac arrest (unresponsiveness, no breathing, no pulse) Perform high-quality chest compressions (depth, rate, recoil) Apply local protocols (e.g., Pakistan Resuscitation Council or hospital-specific BLS guidelines).

🔹 Use of AED (If Available): Recognize when to use an automated external defibrillator (AED) Attach pads correctly and follow voice prompts Ensure scene safety before delivering a shock..

🔹 Infection Control: Use gloves and PPE while handling wounds or performing CPR Dispose of sharps and biohazard waste as per hospital protocol.

🔹 Basic Wound Management: Assess the type and severity of wounds Apply aseptic techniques for cleaning and dressing Control bleeding using direct pressure and elevation Use appropriate dressing materials available locally (e.g., gauze, bandages, antiseptics).

👩‍Authentic Role of a Nurse in Triage. 🔹 Clinical Assessment and Prioritization: The triage nurse performs rapid, systematic assessments using established tools (e.g., ESI, CTAS, MTS) to assign acuity levels. 🔹 Effective Therapeutic Communication: Uses open-ended questions and active listening to gather patient history..

🔹 Emotional Support and Reassurance: Provides emotional comfort during initial contact. 🔹 Cultural and Ethical Sensitivity: Respects cultural beliefs, language differences, and patient autonomy. 🔹 Continuity of Care and Advocacy: Ensures accurate documentation..

SUMMARY. Triage is the rapid assessment and prioritization of patients based on the urgency of their medical condition. Patients are categorized into different priority levels such as critical, urgent, and non-urgent. This helps healthcare providers manage limited resources efficiently. The goal is to provide safe, timely, and fair care to all patients. Overall, triage supports effective and patient-centered emergency care..

REFERENCES. Emergency Nurses Association (ENA). (2020). Position statement: Triage qualifications and competencies for the registered nurse. Gilboy, N., Tanabe, P., Travers, D., & Rosenau, A. M. (2020). Emergency severity index (ESI): A triage tool for emergency department care, version 4. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP). (2018). Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) guidelines. World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). Emergency triage assessment and treatment (ETAT): Manual for participants. Iserson, K. V., & Moskop, J. C. (2007). Triage in medicine, part I: Concept, history, and types. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 49(3), 275–281..

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