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Simple pendulum consists of small bob of mass m attached with an inextensible string of length  L  hanging with a rigid support under the action  of force of gravity.

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When a bob is displaced from its mean position at certain angle ϴ and released the bob moves towards mean position, due to inertia it moves towards negative extreme position.          It moves to and  fro  about mean position .

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Law of Conservation of energy Kinetic energy of simple pendulum is maximum at mean position and minimum at extreme position because kinetic energy depends upon velocity of the body. Potential energy of simple pendulum is maximum at extreme position and minimum at mean position because potential energy depends upon displacement of the body. So the total energy of the system remain conserved.

Simple Pendulum

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