Name: 3. METADATA PRINCIPLES and PRACTICE
Uploaded: 2022-03-18
Duration: 13 min 17 s
Description: Good morning doc, Good morning everyone. Lets continue to the second part of Metadata principles and practice..

[Audio] Good morning doc, Good morning everyone. Lets continue to the second part of Metadata principles and practice.. 

Scene 1

[Audio] Topics are about MARC, SGML, XML Schemas, DTDs.. 

Scene 2

[Audio] MARC stands for Machine Readable Cataloging Standards, It is the vehicle for library system or refers to the ability of computers to .read and interpret bibliographic data. Records are encoded using specific tags and symbols. The form and type of the encoded data depend on the Cataloguing and Classification standards used. It is the Standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form. In modern electronic catalogue Bibliographic data are encoded using MARC Format.. 

Scene 3

(Machine Readable Cataloging) Standards to read and interpret bibliographic data Records are encoded using specific tags and symbols. The encoded data depend on the Cataloguing and Classification Standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic Bibliographic data are encoded using MARC Format

[Audio] Marc 21 format is set of codes used content designators defined for encoding machine readable records. There are five MARC 21 communication formats:
Bibliographic Format – for encoding data elements that identify or control the content and content designation of those portions of a bibliographic record. Designed to be a carrier of bibliographic information.
Authority Data - integrated format defined for the identification and description of different forms of bibliographic material. Provides information about individuals names, subject and uniform title. Holdings Data - for encoding data elements pertinent to holdings and location data for all forms of material. Provide copy-specific information on a library resources like call number, shelf location, volumes, etc… information about events, programs, services, etc Classification Data - Classification records are used for the maintenance and development of classification schemes. Community Information - records containing information about events, programs, services, etc. So that information can be integrated into the same public access catalogs or data in other types.. 

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Communication Formats Bibliographic data -  identify or control the content and content designation  Authority Data -  identification and description of different forms Holdings Data -  holdings and location data for all forms of material Classification Data -  used for the maintenance and development of classification schemes Community Information - information about events, programs, services, etc.

[Audio] The Content of data elements in Marc Records defines by Standards: Anglo American Cataloguing Rules ( AACR2)
Resource Description & Access ( RDA) Library of Congress Subject Heading ( LCSH) They Provide guidelines on formulating Bibliographic data in to MARC Record structures 4. International Bibliographic Description
Provide guidelines for displaying MARC Records in a standard. Structure of Marc Record
It has FIELDS, Fields consists of three digit TAG and Each Tag makes use of INDICATORS & SUBFIELDS.. 

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Data elements in MARC Records defines by Standards Anglo American Cataloguing Rules ( AACR2) Resource Description & Access  (RDA) Library of Congress Subject Heading  (LCSH) Provide guidelines on formulating Bibliographic data in to MARC Record structures International Bibliographic Description Provide guidelines for displaying MARC Records in a standard

[Audio] This is an example of a MARC 21 records. This 100 is the Tag/ Fields – which we enter, encode, record on our bibliographic information. Its MARC fields consist of a 3 digit TAG. Each tag makes use of indicators and subfields. 10 represents the indicators. Indicators are the two digits that can be used to provide more information about the tag. In the lower part where identified by a delimiter, usually a lower case letter and preceded by a dollar sign is called subfield. In this sample the subfield a contains the extent of items, subfield b contains illustration and subfield c the height measurement of a book.. 

Scene 6

INTRODUCTION TO MARC 21
Tag/Field
Indicators
050
082
100
245
260
300
1
10
la PZ7.R79835 lb Haj 1999
la [Fic] 12 21
la Rowling, J. K.
la Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets / lc by J.K.
Rowling ; illustrations by Mary GrandPré.
la New York : lb Arthur A. Levine Books, lc 1999.
la viii, 341 p. : lb ill. •
lc 24 cm.
Subfields

[Audio] These are the most Frequently used tags. 010 Library of Congress Control Number, 020 International Standard Book Number, 082 Dewey Decimal Classification, 100 Personal Name/ Main Entry, 245 Title Information, 250 Edition, 260 Publication Information, 300 Physical Description, 490 Series Statement, 500 General Note, 520 Summary Note, 650 Subject Heading, 700 Added Entry.. 

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0 10  Library of Congress Control Number 020 I nternational Standard Book Number  082  Dewey Decimal Classification 100  Personal Name/Main Entry 245  Title Information 250  Edition 260  Publication Information 300  Physical Description 490  Series Statement 500  General Note 520  Summary Note 650  Subject Heading 700  Added Entry

[Audio] These are some libraries using MARC 21. The National Library of the Philippines. Library of Congress and University of San Carlos. As you can see they have different features of MARC 21.. 

Scene 8

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[Audio] Here are some MARC Specialized Tools that enhanced usability to MARC 21 records and system. 1. Infoworks Spelling checker for Database Maintenance
It includes a special dictionary for library use and allow users to build custom dictionaries. 2. Surpass Copycat – a Z39. 50 copy cataloging tool. Sorry to tell but I can't find any example for this. Importance of MARC 21 are to prevent duplication of work and allow libraries to share better bibliographic resources.. 

Scene 9

MARC Specialized Tools (enhanced usability to MARC 21 records and system)

Infoworks  Spelling checker for Database Maintenance includes a special dictionary  Surpass Copycat – a Z39.50 copy cataloging tool.

MARC  – prevent duplication of work and allow libraries to share better bibliographic resources

[Audio] MARC History. In 1960, the American Computer Scientist, Henriette Avram, create records that could read by computers and shared among libraries.
In 1999, with the Collaboration of United States and Canadian MARC formats, MARC 21 was created and designed to redefined the original MARC Record format to make it more accessible to the international community. It also allows user of different software products to communicate with each other and to exchange data. In 2002, Library of Congress developed the MARCXML Schema as means of facilitating the sharing of and networked access to bibliographical information.. 

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MARC History 1960 Henriette Avram , the American Computer Scientist

2002 Library of Congress  developed the  MARCXML Schema

1999 MARC 21  Collaboration of  United States and Canadian MARC formats

[Audio] SGML stands for Standard General Markup Language. Allows to describe the structure of a collections of documents and provide provide a standard language for marking up the logical structure of textual documents. It is generic in defining a A logical data structure and marking up instance documents following the generic format. Currently, it used for data creation, data exchange, data storage, indexing , searching and retrieving, printing out and data viewing, and it has Technique for representing documents in machine-readable form.. 

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Standard General Markup Language provide a standard language for marking up the logical structure of textual documents A logical data structure and marking up instance documents following the generic format U sed for data creation, data exchange, data storage, indexing , searching and retrieving, printing out and data viewing T echnique for representing documents in machine-readable form

[Audio] Often cited as a potential competitor or successor for the MARC formats SGML allows to attach links inside a document or between documents. Picture shows that document coded in SGML has the portions of text marked up by logical beginning and ending tags.. 

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SGML allows to attach links inside a document or between documents A document coded in SGML has the portions of text marked up by logical beginning and ending tags

<!DOCTYPE ARTICLE PUBLIC
"-//USA/AAP//DTD ART-I//EN "
" article. dtd"
< ! ENTITY Darc CDATA "SoftQuad Explorer(tm)">
nbsp CDATA
Management of sq.-IL-encoded Documents
<SBT>Design Principles in &Darc; </SBT> </TIG>
</SNM>
of Stockholm
manager
<ONM>Roya1 Institute of Technology
coordinator
<ABS> is a multi-user, cross-platform (PC/Windows 3.1 and Sun SPARC/XII) database and information retrieval
<SEC> </ST>
<P>Databases </P> </LI>
Retrieval < / P > < / L
</SEC>
You can capture this information or insert the tags to an existing ASCII file with a regular text processing system or with an SGML
tool offering WYSIWYG display, interactive structure control and contextual help for the allowed tags at a specific place of the
stmcture.

[Audio] SGML is a Language for defining a markup language. It is also considered to be the mother language of XML and HTML. And allows to describe the structure of a collection of documents. The difference between MARC structure and SGML is that structures expressed in SGML can be very deep compared to the flat structure of MARC data. That is why SGML was chosen over MARC for encoding records of the 3 projects because of MARC's limited accommodation of hierarchically structured information.. 

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Standard General Markup Language Language for defining a markup language Considered to be the mother language of XML and HTML Allows to describe the structure of a collection of documents

Differences of the MARC structure and SGML  	-  structures expressed in SGML can be very deep compared to 		the flat structure of MARC data

[Audio] These are the 3 projects that all make use of SGML. The Text Encoding Initiative - to develop guidelines for the preparation and interchange of electronic texts for scholarly research. FINDING AIDS FOR ARCHIVAL COLLECTION - develop an encoding standard for archive, museum, and library finding aids, and the Columbia University Digital Image Access Project ( DIAP) for housing and access to bibliographic and analytical data on digital images.. 

Scene 14

The Text Encoding Initiative to develop guidelines for the preparation and interchange of electronic texts for scholarly research

Columbia University Digital Image Access Project (DIAP) for housing and access to bibliographic and analytical data on digital images

FINDING AIDS FOR ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS develop an encoding standard for archive, museum, and library finding aids.

[Audio] This is an example of FINDING AIDS FOR ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS using SGML. It is deeply expressed and elaborate than using MARC 21. It also have Fields which we cant find in the MAR. record.. 

Scene 15

Title: California History B Nugget
Dates: 1924-1940
Collection Number: CHN
Creator/CoIIector: Coy, Owen Cochran, 1884-1952 Bolton, Herbert Eugene, 1870-1953 California State Historical
Association California Historical Survey Commission California. Department of Education
Extent: 0.21 linear feet
Repository: Glendale Library, Arts and Culture. Glendale Central Library History Room
Glendale, California 91205
Abstract: The Califomia History @ Nugget began publication in 1923 and ceased publication in 1940. The
serial focused on California stories about early pioneers, descriptions and visual images of significant locations,
folklore and legends, plant and animal life, and significant events in the history of the state. The publication
was produced by the Califomia State Historical Association.
Language of Material: English
Access
The collection is open for research use.
Publication Rights
Copyright for unpublished materials authored or otherwise produced by the creator(s) of this collection has not
been transferred to Glendale Central Library. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S.
Copyright Law beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not
in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility
for any use rests exclusively with the user
Preferred Citation
@ California History D Nugget. Glendale Library, Arts and Culture_ Glendale Central Library History Room
Acquisition Information
Unknown
Scope and Content of Collection
Each issue of the California History Nugget contains short narratives of varying topics, such as biographical
sketches of early pioneers; photographs, illustrations, and maps of historically significant locations; Native
American folklore as depicted by Anglo historians; descriptions of the flora and fauna of California; and significant
events in the @ history of California , including the Mexican-American War, the Gold Rush, and Westward
Expansion. The publication is arranged chronologically.

[Audio] XML stands for Extensible Markup Language. It is used in transporting and storing of data. It is Extremely useful because it simplifies the transfer of information from one system or program to another. It is only a tool, just as a word processor cannot write an interesting article by itself. Anyone are free to make up their own tags and attributes if they don't feel that those have been created by others meet their needs.. 

Scene 16

Stores and Transfer Data Extremely useful Only a Tool Free to make your own Tags

[Audio] XML uses by libraries quietly to perform functions such as improving access to archival materials, simplifying interlibrary loan processing and enhancing digital collections. In 1993, Library at the University of California Berkely started developing a method for encoding archival materials in XML. It was called Encoded Archival Description ( EAD) Standards , it was maintained by the Library of Congress. Pictures shows the existing resources in the Archival Collection. At the right side of your screen is the XML used in encoding the archival materials.. 

Scene 17

Amro 6. Pacho collection 1945. +
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Arturo G.
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material in English with some Tagalog Chinese
Ote gr b;qkrnark this fimding aid as: aSæÜeadasian3*lSD02
LC Catalog record: 'SR4g3R
educator Art05, conescqndence, thesis, publications, agendas, flyers, new»aper clippings, organizatice articles bylaws, pamphlets,
photographs, cassette tapes. and other research material are arranged accvding to Pachc's work "ith Filipino American organizations career as an author and educator Subjects irclude Chinese-Filipinos, the Chinese in
Asia, Filipino FiliÄm American FilipimJ social services and imniqration, and the Tagalog language
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Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Standards

1993, University of California Berkeley Library

[Audio] Individual libraries have been improving their services by developing their own XML app. In 1988, Oregon State University has been using an application Interlibrary Loan Automated Search and Print ( ILLASAP). But bow it was developed and integrate to Interlibrary Loan and Scan and Deliver.. 

Scene 18

Interlibrary and Scan & x +
C library.oregonstate.edu/illiad
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Oregon State
» Libraries
HOME BORROW & REQUEST HELP
PEBH
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MEET & STUDY HERE
Pmliu
TECH & PRINT
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Admin
My Profile - Zmm
ABOUT
Interlibrary Loan and Scan & Deliver
Interlibrary Loan Login/Signup Here
ILL is used to items not available or by OSIJ Libraries. For more information, check out our
ILL and Scan & Deliver FAQs or click on the sample ILL bCK)k band below. If you are a library or institution
looking to borrow OSIJ Library materials,
February
Beaver, Benny
DeUvery location: VALLEY
Reading
MY ACCOUNT
Q 40

Interlibrary Loan Automated Search and Print (ILLASAP)

[Audio] DTDs stands for Document Type Definition. it is defines the structure and the legal elements and attributes of an XML document. It was designed for use in an on-line catalog employing SGML as its underlying record format and intended to "identify ( tag) content- bearing elements down to the subfield level. The Purpose of DTDs is to support the conversion of cataloging data from the MARC data structure to SGML (and back) without loss of data.. 

Scene 19

Document Type Definition defines the structure and the legal elements and attributes of an XML document. designed for use in an on-line catalog employing SGML as its underlying record format intended to "identify (tag) content- bearing elements down to the subfield level  Purpose of DTDs support the conversion of cataloging data from the MARC data structure to SGML (and back) without loss of data

[Audio] These are my references.. References. Gaynor, E., (1996). From MARC to Markup: SGML and Online Library Systems. Retrieved from http://xml.coverpages.org/gaynorMARC96.html Lazarinis , F. (2015). Cataloguing and classification : an introduction to AARC2, RDA, DDC, LCC, LCSH, and MARC 21 standards. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2132051269/bookReader?accountid=31259. Lupovici , C., (1997). Cataloging in SGML : from tagging to markup. Retrieved from http://archive.ifla.org https://www.librarianshipstudies.com/2017/10/marc-21.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARC_standards#:~:text=MARC%2021%20was%20designed%20to,Format%2C%20and%20Classification%20Data%20Format http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/. 

Scene 20

Gaynor, E., (1996). From MARC to Markup: SGML and Online Library Systems. Retrieved from  http://xml.coverpages.org/gaynorMARC96.html Lazarinis , F. (2015). Cataloguing and classification : an introduction to AARC2, RDA, DDC, LCC, LCSH, and MARC 21 standards. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2132051269/bookReader?accountid=31259. Lupovici , C., (1997). Cataloging in SGML : from tagging to markup. Retrieved from  http://archive.ifla.org https://www.librarianshipstudies.com/2017/10/marc-21.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARC_standards#:~:text=MARC%2021%20was%20designed%20to,Format%2C%20and%20Classification%20Data%20Format http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/

[Audio] THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS.. THANK YOU AND GODBLESS. 

Scene 21

3. METADATA PRINCIPLES and PRACTICE

Scene 0

Lets continue to the second part of Metadata principles and practice.

avatar

Topics are about MARC, SGML, XML Schemas, DTDs.

MARC stands for Machine Readable Cataloging Standards, It is the vehicle for library system or refers to the ability of computers to .read and interpret bibliographic data.

Records are encoded using specific tags and symbols.

The form and type of the encoded data depend on the Cataloguing and Classification standards used.

It is the Standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form.

In modern electronic catalogue Bibliographic data are encoded using MARC Format.

Marc 21 format is set of codes used content designators defined for encoding machine readable records.

There are five MARC 21 communication formats:

Bibliographic Format – for encoding data elements that identify or control the content and content designation of those portions of a bibliographic record.

Designed to be a carrier of bibliographic information.

Authority Data - integrated format defined for the identification and description of different forms of bibliographic material.  Provides information about individuals names, subject and uniform title.

Holdings Data - for encoding data elements pertinent to holdings and location data for all forms of material.

Provide copy-specific information on a library resources like call number, shelf location, volumes, etc…information about events, programs, services, etc

Classification Data - Classification records are used for the maintenance and development of classification schemes.

Community Information - records containing information about events, programs, services, et cetera So that information can be integrated into the same public access catalogs or data in other types.

Standards: 
Anglo American Cataloguing Rules

The Content of data elements in Marc Records defines by Standards:

Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH)

They Provide guidelines on formulating Bibliographic data in to MARC Record structures

Provide guidelines for displaying MARC Records in a standard.

It has FIELDS, Fields consists of three digit TAG and Each Tag makes use of INDICATORS & SUBFIELDS.

This is an example of  a MARC 21 records.

This 100 is the Tag/Fields – which we enter, encode, record on our bibliographic information.

Its MARC fields consist of a 3 digit TAG.

Each tag makes use of indicators and subfields.

Indicators are the two digits that can be used to provide more information about the tag.

In the lower part where identified by a delimiter, usually a lower case letter and preceded by a dollar sign is called subfield.

In this sample the subfield a contains the extent of items, subfield b contains illustration and subfield c the height measurement of a book.

Library of Congress and University of San Carlos.

As you can see they have different features of MARC 21.

Here are some MARC Specialized Tools that enhanced usability to MARC 21 records and system.

Infoworks Spelling checker for Database Maintenance

It includes a special dictionary for library use and allow users to build custom dictionaries.

Surpass Copycat – a Z39.50 copy cataloging tool.

Sorry to tell but I can't find any example for this.

Importance of MARC 21 are to prevent duplication of work and allow libraries to share better bibliographic resources.

In  1960, the American Computer Scientist, Henriette Avram, create records that could read by computers and shared among libraries.

In 1999, with the Collaboration of United States and Canadian MARC formats, MARC 21 was created and designed to redefined the original MARC Record format to make it more accessible to the international community.

It also allows user of different software products to communicate with each other and to exchange data.

In 2002, Library of Congress developed the MARCXML Schema  as means of facilitating the sharing of and networked access to bibliographical information.

SGML stands for Standard General Markup Language.

Allows to describe the structure of a collections of documents and provide provide a standard language for marking up the logical structure of textual documents.

It is generic in defining a A logical data structure and marking up instance documents following the generic format.

Currently, it used for data creation, data exchange, data storage, indexing , searching and retrieving, printing out and data viewing, and it has Technique for representing documents in machine-readable form.

Often cited as a potential competitor or successor for the MARC formats SGML allows to attach links inside a document or between documents.

Picture shows that document coded in SGML has the portions of text marked up by logical beginning and ending tags.

SGML is a Language for defining a markup language.

It is also considered to be the mother language of XML and HTML.

And allows to describe the structure of a collection of documents.

The difference between MARC structure and SGML is that structures expressed in SGML can be very deep compared to the flat structure of MARC data.

That is why SGML was chosen over MARC for encoding records of the 3 projects because of MARC's limited accommodation of hierarchically structured information.

Columbia University Digital Image Access Project

These are the 3 projects that all make use of SGML.

The Text Encoding Initiative - to develop guidelines for the preparation and interchange of electronic texts for scholarly research.

FINDING AIDS FOR ARCHIVAL COLLECTION - develop an encoding standard for archive, museum, and library finding aids, and the Columbia University Digital Image Access Project (DIAP) for housing and access to bibliographic and analytical data on digital images.

This is an example of FINDING AIDS FOR ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS using SGML.

It is deeply expressed and elaborate than using MARC 21.

It also have Fields which we cant find in the MAR.

XML stands for Extensible Markup Language.

It is used in transporting and storing of data.

It is Extremely useful because it simplifies the transfer of information from one system or program to another.

It is only a tool, just as a word processor cannot write an interesting article by itself.

Anyone are free to make up their own tags and attributes if they don't feel that those have been created by others meet their needs.

XML uses by libraries quietly to perform functions such as improving access to archival materials, simplifying interlibrary loan processing and enhancing digital collections.

In 1993, Library at the University of California Berkely started developing a method for encoding archival materials in XML.

It was called Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Standards , it was maintained by the Library of Congress.

Pictures shows the existing resources in the Archival Collection.

At the right side of your screen is the XML used in encoding the archival materials.

Individual libraries have been improving their services by developing their own XML app.

In 1988, Oregon State University has been using an application Interlibrary Loan Automated Search and Print (ILLASAP).

But bow it was developed and integrate to Interlibrary Loan and Scan and Deliver.

DTDs stands for Document Type Definition.

it is defines the structure and the legal elements and attributes of an XML document.

It was designed for use in an on-line catalog employing SGML as its underlying record format and intended to "identify (tag) content- bearing elements down to the subfield level.

The Purpose of DTDs is to support the conversion of cataloging data from the MARC data structure to SGML (and back) without loss of data.

 Gaynor, E., (1996). From MARC to Markup: SGML and Online Library Systems. Retrieved from  http://xml.coverpages.org/gaynorMARC96.html Lazarinis , F. (2015). Cataloguing and classification : an introduction to AARC2, RDA, DDC, LCC, LCSH, and MARC 21 standards. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2132051269/bookReader?accountid=31259. Lupovici , C., (1997). Cataloging in SGML : from tagging to markup. Retrieved from  http://archive.ifla.org https://www.librarianshipstudies.com/2017/10/marc-21.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARC_standards#:~:text=MARC%2021%20was%20designed%20to,Format%2C%20and%20Classification%20Data%20Format http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/