Fransisca Leony (191003792020205)

Stage of Listening. Fransisca Leony (191003792020205).

Receiving. Receiving is the intentional focus on hearing a speaker’s message, which happens when we filter out other sources so that we can isolate the message and avoid the confusing mixture of incoming stimuli. At this stage, we are still only hearing the message..

WHEN THE CANDIDATE FINALLY STARTED SPEAKING, THE CHEERING AND YELLING WAS SO LOUD THAT THE CANDIDATE COULDN’T BE HEARD EASILY DESPITE USING A SPEAKER SYSTEM. IN THIS EXAMPLE, OUR COAUTHOR HAD DIFFICULTY RECEIVING THE MESSAGE BECAUSE OF THE EXTERNAL NOISE..

Understanding. Even when we have understood the words in a message, because of the differences in our backgrounds and experience, we sometimes make the mistake of attaching our own meanings to the words of others. IN THE UNDERSTANDING STAGE, WE ATTEMPT TO LEARN THE MEANING OF THE MESSAGE, WHICH IS NOT ALWAYS EASY..

THE CONSEQUENCES OF INEFFECTIVE LISTENING IN A CLASSROOM CAN BE MUCH WORSE. WHEN YOUR PROFESSOR ADVISES STUDENTS TO GET AN “EARLY START” ON YOUR SPEECH, HE OR SHE PROBABLY HOPES THAT YOU WILL BEGIN YOUR RESEARCH RIGHT AWAY AND MOVE ON TO DEVELOPING A THESIS STATEMENT AND OUTLINING THE SPEECH AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. THEREFORE, AT THE UNDERSTANDING STAGE OF LISTENING WE SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR PLACES WHERE OUR PERCEPTIONS MIGHT DIFFER FROM THOSE OF THE SPEAKER..

Remembering. Remembering begins with listening; if you can’t remember something that was said, you might not have been listening effectively. Wolvin and Coakley note that the most common reason for not remembering a message after the fact is because it wasn’t really learned in the first place..

Evaluating. The fourth stage in the listening process is evaluating, or judging the value of the message. We might be thinking, “This makes sense” or, conversely, “This is very odd.” Because everyone embodies biases and perspectives learned from widely diverse sets of life experiences, evaluations of the same message can vary widely from one listener to another. Even the most open-minded listeners will have opinions of a speaker, and those opinions will influence how the message is evaluated..

UNFORTUNATELY, PERSONAL OPINIONS SOMETIMES RESULT IN PREJUDICED EVALUATIONS. Imagine you’re listening to a speech given by someone from another country and this person has an accent that is hard to understand. You may have a hard time simply making out the speaker’s message. Some people find a foreign accent to be interesting or even exotic, while others find it annoying or even take it as a sign of ignorance..

Responding. RESPONDING—SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS FEEDBACK—IS THE FIFTH AND FINAL STAGE OF THE LISTENING PROCESS. IT’S THE STAGE AT WHICH YOU INDICATE YOUR INVOLVEMENT. Almost anything you do at this stage can be interpreted as feedback. For example, you are giving positive feedback to your instructor if at the end of class you stay behind to finish a sentence in your notes or approach the instructor to ask for clarification. The opposite kind of feedback is given by students who gather their belongings and rush out the door as soon as class is over..

Formative feedback. a. formative feedback is a natural part of the ongoing transaction between a speaker and a listener. As the speaker delivers the message, a listener signals his or her involvement with focused attention, note-taking, nodding, and other behaviors that indicate understanding or failure to understand the message. These signals are important to the speaker, who is interested in whether the message is clear and accepted or whether the content of the message is meeting the resistance of preconceived ideas..

Summative Feedback. Summative feedback is given at the end of the communication. When you attend a political rally, a presentation given by a speaker you admire, or even a class, there are verbal and nonverbal ways of indicating your appreciation for or your disagreement with the messages or the speakers at the end of the message. Maybe you’ll stand up and applaud a speaker you agreed with or just sit staring in silence after listening to a speaker you didn’t like..

Thank you.