PUBLIC FINANCE

[Virtual Presenter] Good morning everyone. Today we will be exploring public finance. We will start by looking at what public finance is and its objectives. We will also look into fiscal policy and its objectives as well as public revenue and expenditures. We will go over these topics in detail during our presentation. Let's start by looking at public finance and its goals..

[Audio] Public finance focuses on how governments manage their finances from obtaining revenue to where they allocate it. To keep their budget in check governments should ensure they are not spending more than they are earning. Additionally it is necessary for governments to ensure that resources are shared evenly and money is invested in necessary services such as roads education and healthcare which can create employment opportunities and stimulate economic growth. Having objectives in place for public finance policies helps governments work towards achieving their goals and keep the economy secure and prosperous..

[Audio] Fiscal policy is a tool that governments employ to manage their finances with the aim of keeping the economy stable and equitable. Its objectives include maintaining stable prices ensuring equitable distribution of wealth efficient allocation of resources provision of full employment stability in the exchange rate and maintenance of a favorable balance of payments. Taxes spending and other financial instruments are used to reach these objectives..

[Audio] Building new infrastructure" is an important priority for the government and it can be financed through various sources such as taxes borrowing or using existing funds of the government. Financing can also be done through external sources such as public-private partnerships or through loans from international bodies like the World Bank. Allocating resources for "building new infrastructure" requires careful planning and assessment of the costs and benefits over the long term..

[Audio] Governments can acquire revenue through grants and aids from individuals institutions foreign governments or international organizations. Borrowing is another avenue for governments to acquire resources which can be done through the sale of government securities or loans from financial institutions. Other sources of government revenue include fees licenses fines et cetera Ultimately it is integral to have an understanding of the sources of government revenue in order to comprehend how governments finance their operations and allocate resources to various sectors..

[Audio] Public finance is the study of how governments collect and spend money to achieve certain economic goals and objectives. Fiscal policy the tools governments use to influence the budget and manage the economy aims to promote economic growth reduce unemployment and control inflation. Government revenue is made up of taxes and borrowing while government expenditure is the cost of government operations. To better understand these concepts it is important to consider how they are related..

[Audio] Presentation on Public Finance will cover Government Expenditures and its classification. Government expenditure is the overall sum spent by public authorities at all levels in the nation. This includes funding for the day-to-day functioning of government and investments in long-term projects and assets that will benefit society over multiple years. Government expenditure is separated into two main categories: Recurrent Expenditure and Capital Expenditure. Recurrent Expenditure is used on items such as salaries wages office supplies and operational costs. Capital Expenditure encompasses investments in infrastructure development construction of public facilities and other physical capital projects. Knowing the different types of government expenditure makes it possible for policy makers to prioritize spending and allocate resources effectively..

[Audio] Government expenditure is essential in achieving important objectives in society such as ensuring national security reducing inequality providing essential services managing public debt and promoting economic growth. To secure national safety governments fund defense and law enforcement organisations and maintain military forces to prevent terrorism and protect citizens. To reduce inequality financial aid is offered through progressive taxation targeted assistance to disadvantaged groups and social welfare programs. Furthermore governments offer essential services such as education healthcare transport and public security to promote the quality of life of the population. Governments also fund debt management and economic growth through investments in infrastructure innovation and sectors of industry. By allocating resources to these goals policymakers strive to tackle societal issues foster economic growth and improve overall well-being..

[Audio] Public expenditure is rising for a variety of reasons. Governments must invest in infrastructure education and medical and defense projects to meet the needs of a growing population. Inflation economic development initiatives social welfare programs and health care costs have all led to a rise in government expenditure. Furthermore geopolitical tensions and national security threats have caused a surge in defense and security spending. Moving on to the next slide we will continue our discussion on public finance..

[Audio] In conclusion we have gained an insight into the fundamentals of public finance and the difficulties faced by those making policy decisions. This presentation has aimed to broaden our knowledge and appreciation of these topics..

[Audio] Have a better understanding of public finance been achieved? We have examined its definition and objectives fiscal policy and its objectives and public revenue and expenditures. If there are any queries requests for clarification or comments about the presentation do not hesitate. Until next time thank you for your time..