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Sexual Transmitted Infections in Young Women

Ally Steadman East Tennessee State University

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How common are sexually transmitted infections in young adults?

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1:2 young adults will have an STI by 25 years old

(Center for Disease Control and  Preventation , 2021).

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½ of sexually transmitted infections reported were of young adults ages 15 to 24 years old

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Talking to a health care provider can help determine if you are at an increased risk.

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Consistent condom use is essential in preventing the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Inconsistent condom use and multiple partners increase the risk of a sexually transmitted infection.

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Having multiple partners increases the risk for a STI because of possible multiple exposures. Those that are involved in the “hook up” culture are at an increased risk.

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(American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2017).

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Those in the LGBTQ community are at risk for sexually  transmitted  infections

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Being under the influence of any mind-altering substance such as alcohol, drugs, or marijuana increases the increase for a sexually transmitted infection

(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019).

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HIV Past or current drug users Recently living in a correction facility Ethnic minority groups “Hook up” culture (United States Preventative Services Task Force, 2020).

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Is a culture known within young adults and college students. Challenges lie with younger adults having a carefree attitude in not knowing their partner’s STD status, not using condoms and relying on plan B to not conceive, having sex while under the influence, and not realizing the health consequences of contracting a sexually transmitted infection.

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1. STI testing 2. Sexual behavioral counseling by provider 3. Sexually education in younger adults

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More frequent testing has been shown to decrease STIs in younger adults. Having younger adults know their STI status can prevent others from getting the disease. Being aware of an STI such as human papillomavirus (HPV) can decrease cervical cancer by routine screenings.

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(The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2021)

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United States Preventative Services Task Force recommends by talking to your provider that they can discuss why condoms are important, having healthy relationships, and not engaging with multiple partners.

(United States Preventative Services Task Force, 2020).

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Having sex education provided at a college level has been shown to increase young adult’s education of sexual health and a better understanding of the risk the STIs pose.

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American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2017, July).  Sexual Health . Retrieved from ACOG: https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee opinion/articles/2017/07/sexual-health Center for Disease Control and Preventation. (2021, April).  Adolescents and Young Adults . Retrieved from CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/std/life-stages-populations/adolescents youngadults.htm Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, October).  New CDC Report: STDs Continue to Rise in the U.S.  Retrieved from CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2019/2018 STD-surveillance-report-press-release.html Dai, M. (2019). Examine the associations between smartphone hookup application uses and sexual health and relationship outcomes among college students.  Journal of American College Health . Shannon, C., & Klausner, J. (2019, February). The Growing Epidemic of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents: A Neglected Population.  Curr Opin Pediatr, 30 (1), 137-143. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021, April).  Updated Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines . Retrieved from ACOG: https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2021/04/updated-cervical-cancer-screening-guidelines United States Preventative Services Task Force. (2020, November).  Behavioral Counseling' Interventions to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections: Recommendation Statement . Retrieved from USPSTF: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/afp20201115od1.pdf World Health Organization. (2018).  Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancer in 185 Countries . Retrieved from WHO: https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3322/caac.21492