ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT. This research paper describes a wind-battery-based standalone AC micro grid system that can provide reliable and uninterrupted power to off-grid applications. The proposed system consists of a wind turbine, a battery bank, and an inverter that work together to generate and store electricity, which can be utilized to power critical loads in a standalone micro grid. The microcontroller controls the energy flow between the wind turbine, battery bank, and load to ensure a stable and continuous power supply. The system's performance is evaluated using simulation, which demonstrates that the proposed system is capable of effectively providing reliable and uninterrupted power to standalone micro grids, making it a promising solution for remote and off-grid areas. Keywords: Battery, Wind turbine ,Micro Grid, Controller.

1.INTRODUCTION. A wind-battery-based standalone AC micro grid is a new technology that has been proven to be a dependable and sustainable way to supply energy to off-the-grid and remote locations. [1] This kind of micro grid creates and distributes electricity using wind turbines, battery storage, and an AC power system. [2]Several studies have investigated the feasibility and performance of wind-battery-based standalone AC micro grids in various locations. For example, a study conducted by researchers at the University of Manchester and. [3] the University of Edinburgh a later time, contributing to a reliable and stable energy grid. [11] The batteries can also be utilized to balance the micro grid’s power supply and demand. As a stand-alone system. [12]By doing this, the micro grid is guaranteed to be able to continue supplying electricity even during power outages or other disturbances in the primary grid. [13]The type of electrical power generated and supplied by the micro grid is known as AC (alternating current).[15].

II WIND ENERGY POWER GENERATION.

a. Wind energy power generation. A self-sufficient electrical power system, a battery wind-based standalone AC micro grid combines renewable energy sources like wind turbines and batteries to deliver electricity to a nearby neighborhood or facility. Using the kinetic energy of the wind and transforming it into electrical power, wind turbines produce electricity. The batteries can also be utilized to balance the micro grid’s power supply and demand. As a stand-alone system, By doing this, the micro grid is guaranteed to be able to continue supplying electricity even during power outages or other disturbances in the primary grid. The type of electrical power generated and supplied by the micro grid is known as AC (alternating current). Alternating current (AC) is the primary form of electricity that is utilized in residences and commercial establishments, and it is usually supplied via the main grid. Overall, a standalone AC micro grid powered by wind and batteries is a dependable and sustainable way to supply electricity to a company or local community. The micro grid can lessen its reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to a cleaner, more sustainable energy future by using renewable energy sources like wind turbines and batteries..

b. Battery Wind-Based Standalone AC Micro grid Components :.

c. Battery model. The battery model for an AC micro grid typically includes several parameters that describe the behavior of the battery. These parameters include: Capacity: This refers to the total energy that can be stored in the battery. It is typically measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and depends on the size and type of the battery. Efficiency: This parameter describes how efficiently the battery can convert stored energy into usable AC power. Various factors, such as battery chemistry, temperature, and charge/discharge rate, can impact the efficiency of batteries. Charging and Discharging Characteristics: This parameter describes how the battery charges and discharges over time. The charging and discharging rate of a battery can affect its lifetime and performance. Charge Status: The parameter describes the amount of energy stored in the battery at any given time, expressed as a percentage of the battery's capacity. The charge status is an important parameter to monitor as it can affect the battery's performance.

III. CONTROL SCHEME :. The primary objective of the control system is to manage and maintain the power flow between the various renewable energy sources. (Wind turbine), the battery, and the loads in the micro grid, to maintain a stable and reliable supply of AC power. Here is a step-by-step breakdown of the control scheme: Measurement of system variables: The first step in the control scheme is to measure key system parameters such as wind speed, battery voltage and current, and load demand. Power generation control: Based on the measured variables, the control system calculates the amount of power generated by renewable energy sources. The power output can be adjusted by controlling . Load control: The PI controller is also used to Load.

Simulink model.

IV.SIMULATION RESULTS. Once the MATLAB/simulation diagram was designed, the current and voltage waveforms for the wind model, battery, inverter, and load side input and output were extracted using MATLAB/Simulink. The figure shows the MATLAB/simulation diagram that was designed From the above waveform, we can observe the output voltage of a wind turbine which is a three-phase ac waveform, consisting of R Y Bphases The determination of the three phases involves the utilization of distinct colors, namely red, yellow, and blue... The waveform is distorted because of the in-consistency power generation. As the wind is not constant the power generation using wind energy will be inconsistent..

The above visual shows the pulse width modulation wave. That PWM is the minimum requirement wave for the operating condition the x-label shows the PWM voltage and the y-label shows the time in a sec that wave contributed to the operating conditions .because of the PWM wave, only requirement quantity is used hence the whole operation becomes optimal and efficient..

By analyzing the waveform depicted above, we can deduce that the wind turbines output current takes the form of a three-phase AC waveform, characterized by three distinct phases represented by three different colors. The magnitude of the current waveform oscillates between -30 and 30. The above waveform represents the pulse width modulation waveform for output voltage. By altering the width of signal pulses, the voltage can be adjusted. The horizontal axis of the graph shows the output voltage, while the vertical axis represents time measured in seconds.

VII.CONCLUSION. Due to their capacity to deliver dependable and sustainable power, standalone AC micro grid applications for wind-battery-based energy systems are growing in popularity. The management of electricity generation under varying conditions, however, continues to be difficult. The control methods proposed in this study tackle this issue and optimize the utilization of the generated power for stand-alone AC micro grid applications. These methods can help wind-battery-based energy systems become more effective and dependable, increasing their suitability for fulfilling remote places' power needs and lowering reliance on fossil fuels. For standalone micro grid applications, further study and improvement of these techniques may result in more effective and environmentally friendly energy solutions..