Name: PowerPoint Presentation
Uploaded: 2023-01-04
Duration: 5 min 3 s
Description: Hello everyone today in this video we will learn about how to read metar and TAF codes.

[Audio] Hello everyone today in this video we will learn about how to read metar and TAF codes. 

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METAR codes report observed weather conditions by airfield TAF codes report forecasted weather conditions by airfield.. 

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METAR codes report observed weather conditions by airfield  TAF codes report forecasted weather conditions by airfield.

Both codes are lines of text made up of data groups (or just “groups”) separated by spaces.

Some data groups are not discussed because they are intended for use by the weather community and are not useful for flight planning.

Aircrews should check METAR/TAF codes thoroughly for all hazards to flying safety, including thunderstorms, icing, turbulence, wind shear, and other elements that may significantly affect their aircraft

METAR: FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034. 

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METAR:  FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

How do I determine the location and the date and time of issuance?

The 4-character ICAO identifier that follows the report type is the location identifier; FAGC is the location/station in this example.

The 7-character group following the ICAO identifier is the date and time of issuance. The first two digits are the date; the last four digits are the coordinated universal time (UTC), sometimes called “ zulu  time.”

In this example, 01 is the first day of the month, and 1657Z is 1657 UTC .

How do I determine the wind speed and direction?. 

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How do I determine the wind speed and direction?

METAR  FAGC 011657Z 2 5015G30KT  210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

The data group followed by KT (knots) is the wind.

The first three digits are the true direction to the nearest 10 degrees from which the wind is blowing. The next two digits are the sustained speed. If gusts are present, the next two or three digits following the “G” are the “gust,” the maximum wind speed in the last ten minutes.

In this example, the 25015G30KT group is the wind direction and speed. Here, the wind is blowing from 250 degrees (true) at a sustained speed of 15 knots with 30-knot gusts.

How do I determine if the wind is varying between directions?. 

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How do I determine if the wind is varying between directions?

METAR  FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

A wind variability group will be reported if the wind is variable by 60 degrees or more and the speed is greater than 6 knots. This remark will contain the extremes of the wind directions, separated by “V.”

In this example, 210V290 are reads, “wind direction varying between 210 and 290.”

How do I determine the prevailing visibility?. METAR FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034. 

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How do I determine the prevailing visibility?

In this example,  3/8SM  ( 3/8 of a statute mile ) is the prevailing visibility. Prevailing visibility is the greatest horizontal visibility observed throughout at least half the horizon circle, and is not necessarily continuous.

Sector visibility will be reported in the remarks section if it differs from the prevailing visibility and is less than 3 miles. For sector visibility format

METAR EDDF 071320Z 22008KT  9999  SCT036 SCT090 BKN280 19/10 Q1011 NOSIG

At overseas locations, visibility is reported in meters, and SM is omitted. The largest reportable metric value is  9999 . This value represents a visibility greater than  9000 meters  (7 SM or more).

What if there is a group that begins with the letter “R?”. 

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What if there is a group that begins with the letter “R?”

METAR  FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM  R32L/1000FT  FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

Runway Visual Range (RVR) follows the visibility and begins with the letter “R.” The runway heading will follow the “R,” and in this example, “32L” represents runway 32-Left (C-Center, R-Right). The last four digits report the visibility in feet.

In this example,  R32L/1000FT  reads, “ runway visual range for runway 32 Left is 1,000 ft.”

How do I determine if there is any weather?. METAR FAGC 011657Z AUTO 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034. 

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How do I determine if there is any weather?

METAR  FAGC 011657Z AUTO 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT  FG  BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

If a weather element (precipitation or obstruction to visibility) is observed, it will be found in the data group following the visibility. The absence of a weather element group indicates that no precipitation or obstruction to visibility is occurring at the time of the observation. In this example, “ FG ” represents “ Fog.”

How do I determine the layers of clouds?. METAR FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034. 

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METAR  FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG  BKN005  01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

Each observed cloud layer is encoded in a cloud group with sky coverage, altitude of the cloud base above ground level (AGL), and sometimes cloud type. The first three letters of each cloud group denote sky coverage as in the table below. In the example above,  BKN   indicates broken cloud  coverage. Then the cloud base of each layer is reported in hundreds of feet AGL. Append two zeros to the value given. In this example, 005 represents the value 500 feet AGL. Finally, codes for convective cloud types are appended. CB stands for cumulonimbus; TCU stands for towering cumulus

How do I determine the current temperature and dewpoint?. 

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How  do I determine the current temperature and dewpoint?

METAR FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005  01/M01  A2984 RMK A02 SLP034

In this example,  01  is the temperature in degrees Celsius (1ºC), and M01 is the dewpoint in degrees Celsius (-1ºC). An “M” in the temperature field means “minus” (below zero).

How do I determine the current altimeter setting?. 

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How do I determine the current altimeter setting?

METAR  FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01  A2984  RMK A02 SLP034

The 5-character group beginning with A, following the temperature/dewpoint group is the altimeter setting in inches and hundredths of an inch of mercury (inches Hg), used in the United States and at US airfields overseas. In this example,  A2984  represents a  current altimeter setting of 29.84 inches Hg .

METAR EDDF 071320Z 22008KT 9999 SCT036 SCT090 BKN280 19/10  Q1011  NOSIG

The 5-character group beginning with Q, following the temperature/dewpoint group is the altimeter setting in hectopascals ( hPa ), used in some overseas locations. A hectopascal is equivalent to a millibar (mb). In this example,  Q1011  represents a  current altimeter setting of 1011  hPa  or 1011 mb

What is RMK and SLP?. METAR FAGC 011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984 RMK A02 SLP034. 

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METAR FAGC  011657Z 25015G30KT 210V290 3/8SM R32L/1000FT FG BKN005 01/M01 A2984  RMK  A02  SLP034

RMK indicates the start of the Remarks section, following the altimeter setting.

In this example, the remark,  SLP034 , is the sea level pressure in millibars (or hectopascals) to the nearest tenth. To decode, place a “10” or “9” before the first digit (use a 9 if the 3-digit value is 500 or more), and place a decimal point before the last digit. The sea level pressure remark in the above example would read “current sea level pressure of 1003.4 millibars.”

PowerPoint Presentation

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Hello everyone today in this video we will learn about how to read metar and TAF codes

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