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LA Ll•r. P SNA College of Engineering and Technology FACULTY DR.KATHIRESAN WRITTEN & DIRECTED BY LEO PRODUCED BY KBARNå, ARAVINDAN, ARAVINDH, AROCKIA KEVIN, ARUNDHATHI, ASVIN, AVIASH, BALAMURUGAN, BEåULå JENIFER, BHARATH, BHARATHRAJ, BHUVANA, BOOMATHI, DEEPAK SEBASTIN, DHARSHINI, DINESHKUMAR, ESKKKIAUMAL, GANESH BABU, GANESH KUMAR, GOURISHANKAR, HARIHARAN R, HARIN KUMAR, HARNI, HARISH KANN, HEMALATHA, JAISANKAR, JAMEER kHAhED, JEEVAN, KABILAN, KASTYURI, KAVYASRI, KEERTHIKA SELVI, KESAVAN, KESHAVAN, KIRUBHA KIRUITHIKA , KIRUTHIKROSHAN, LOGANATHkN, LOGESH, MADHUMITA, MANIKANDAN, MANOJ KUMAR.

[Audio] GYROSCOPE Engineering Physics PREPARED & PRESENTED BY: LEO LOGESH.

[Audio] AGENDA 1.Introduction of Gyroscope 2.Invention of Gyroscope 3.Parts of Gyroscope 4.Principle of Gyroscope 5.Working of Gyroscope 6.Types of Gyroscope 7.Applications of Gyroscope 8.Advantages of Gyroscope 9.Disadvantages of Gyroscope 10.Conclusion.

[Audio] Introduction of Gyroscope 1.. Introduction of Gyroscope.

[Audio] GYROSCOPE •A gyroscope is a device used for measuring or maintaining orientation and angular velocity. •It is a spinning wheel or disc in which the axis of rotation (spin axis) is free to assume any orientation by itself. •It is based on conservation of angular momentum. • It is a device that is mechanically free to its axle to take any orientation. • In gyroscope angular momentum is propotional to high rate of spinning..

[Audio] Invention of Gyroscope 2.. Invention of Gyroscope.

[Audio] Gyroscope was invented in the year 1852 by the famous scientist Leon Foucault. The scientist invented gyroscope to make a two part investigation of rotation of the earth. In the year 1852 Pierre simon laplace recommended the ‘machine’ to be used for teaching purpose. During world war II , gyroscope became the prime component for aircraft and guns. Leon Foucault. Pierre simon laplace.

[Audio] Parts of Gyroscope 3.. Parts of Gyroscope.

[Audio] Spine axle Rotor Gimbal Gyroscope frame Base Gyroscope A gyroscope consists of the following parts: » Spin axis » Gimbal » Rotor » Gyroscope frame Spin axis.

[Audio] Principle of Gyroscope 4.. Principle of Gyroscope.

[Audio] All spinning objects have gyroscopic properties. Properties of Gyroscope Rigidity Precession.

[Audio] RIGIDITY : Rigidity in space describes the principle that a gyroscope remains in the fixed position on the plane in which it is spinning, unaffected by the Earth's rotation. Rigidity is depends on three factors: •The mass of the rotor. • The speed of the rotation. • The distance of the mass from the centre of the rotor. For example, A bike wheel.

[Audio] Precession: Precession is a change in the orientation of the rotational axis of a rotating body. Gyroscopic precession is torque induced. For example, A spinning top..

[Audio] Working of Gyroscope 5.. Working of Gyroscope.

[Audio] The working of a gyroscope is based on gravity. It is explained as the product of angular momentum or precession inversely proportional to the angular momentum(I ω) of the wheel. This process is termed gyroscopic motion or gyroscopic force. If the wheel rotates with high angular speed about the axis 1,the base may be turned in any manner without exerting any torque on the wheel. We know that the rotating object possesses angular momentum, which needs to be conserved. This is done because when there is any change in the axis of rotation, there will be a change in the orientation, which changes the angular momentum. Therefore, it can be told the working principle of the gyroscope is based on the conservation of angular momentum..

[Audio] Types of Gyroscope 6.. Types of Gyroscope.

[Audio] The following are the three types of gyroscopes: Mechanical gyroscope: It is based on the conservation of angular momentum. It is dependent on the ball bearing to spin. Optical gyroscope: It is not based on the conservation of angular momentum. It is dependent on the ball bearing or the rotating wheel. Gas-bearing gyroscope: The friction between the moving parts is reduced by suspending the rotor with the help of pressurized gas. Gyroscope in aeroplane Gyro-compass in ship.

[Audio] Applications of Gyroscope 7.. Applications of Gyroscope.

[Audio] In view of the property of stability,the gyroscope used as stabilizers in ships,boats,spacecraft and aeroplanes. Due to the inherent stability of the gyroscope,it is used as a gyro-compass..

[Audio] A. In aeronautics Gyroscope is used as, »Automatic pilot, » Bomb sights, » Artificial horizons, » Turn and backindicators, » Detect the movement, » Send a signal processor that adjusts the speed of tail rotor to balance the . helicopter, etc….

[Audio] B. In naval field: » Steering(To turn) » Pitching(movement of the complete ship) » Rolling(the axis of precession is always parallel to the axis of spin for all positions.) Gyro-compass.

[Audio] C. In automobiles: » Used as an actuator, » By using precession, forces generated by the gyroscope, » Increases stability, » Prevent skidding of cars, » And wheels are used as gyroscope. » For example, •wheels of bicycles, •Gyro-X car(two wheeled car).

[Audio] D. In electronic and gadgets: Smart phones, Computer mouse, Video games, Air mouse, Cameras, Drones,etc….

[Audio] Advantages of Gyroscope 8.. Advantages of Gyroscope.

[Audio] •Gyroscopes are extremely small and light in weight. •It is fast in operation. •It measures relative orientation on all the three axes. •Gyroscope measures all types of rotation. •It can measure angular velocity. It is essential to modern day aviation.

[Audio] Disadvantages of Gyroscope 9.. Disadvantages of Gyroscope.

[Audio] It is more expensive alternative to navigation. It does not measure linear motion in any direction. It does not measure any static angle of orientation..

[Audio] Conclusion 10.. Conclusion. 10..

[Audio] The gyroscope is important as well as great invention in the world history. Without gyroscope flight travel, ship sailing , space travel, navigation, etc…are not possible. Thus, gyroscope is device characterized by the greater stability of its axis of rotation..