22UME927 – POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

[Audio] 22UME927 – POWER PLANT ENGINEERING Critical Review of Power Generation Systems Globally – Present Scenario, Challenges, and Roadmap for the Future Faculty Coordinator: Mr.R.Karthikeyan, Assistant Professor(SS), Mechanical Engineering Prepared by Reg.no- 710723114026 Name :Navaneetha Krishna S Reg.no- 710723114029 Name : Pradeep Kumar K Reg.no- 710723114037 Name : Sanjay J.

[Audio] Introduction The global power generation landscape is undergoing significant changes. This presentation provides a critical review of the current systems, highlights key challenges, and outlines a strategic roadmap for future advancements in the sector..

[Audio] Overview of Global Systems The power generation sector comprises various technologies and sources such as renewables, fossil fuels, and nuclear. Understanding their dynamics is crucial for assessing efficiency and sustainability in energy production. Key players include governments, private corporations, and international organizations. Collaboration among these stakeholders is vital for driving innovation and implementing effective policies that enhance energy security..

[Audio] Present Scenario – Global Power Generation Mix Sales Fossil Fuels Renewables Nuclear 60 30 10 Fossil Fuels → ~60% of global electricity still comes from coal, oil, and natural gas. Renewables → Fastest-growing sector, now ~30% (hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal). Nuclear → Provides ~10%, reliable but politically sensitive..

[Audio] Key Challenges in Energy Transition preencoded.png preencoded.png preencoded.png Climate Change Impacts Severe weather patterns disrupting power generation and infrastructure. Economic Pressures High investments needed for transitioning to renewable energy amidst economic fluctuations. 1 2 Regulatory Barriers Inconsistent frameworks delaying the deployment of new technologies. 3.

[Audio] Current Energy Landscape 1 Diverse Energy Sources Power generation today relies on a mix of fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear energy. 2 Growing Renewable Sector Renewables such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power are rapidly growing. 3 Technological Innovations Advances in energy storage, smart grids, and energy efficiency technologies are reshaping energy systems..

[Audio] Sustainable Power Generation The evolution of power generation emphasizes the urgent need for sustainability and resilience. Embracing renewable energy, driven by innovation and global collaboration, is vital for overcoming challenges and achieving a clean, secure energy future. Evolving Landscape The power generation landscape is evolving rapidly. Energy Future Paving the way for a cleaner, more secure energy future. 1 5 2 4 Focus on Sustainability There is a critical need to focus on sustainability and resilience. 3 Renewable Energy Shift A shift towards renewable energy is driven by technological innovations and global cooperation. Addressing Challenges This shift is essential for addressing current challenges..

[Audio]Dominance of Fossil Fuels: Efficiency, Emissions, and Geopolitical Ramifications Efficiency & Scale Fossil fuels offer high energy density and established infrastructure, enabling large-scale, consistent power generation crucial for industrialised economies. Environmental Impact Their combustion releases significant greenhouse gases, driving climate change and air pollution, necessitating urgent mitigation strategies. Geopolitical Influence Concentrated reserves lead to geopolitical tensions, supply chain vulnerabilities, and price volatility, impacting global stability..

[Audio] Nuclear Power's Role: Safety Concerns, Waste Management, and New Technologies Safety Concerns Perceptions of risk, particularly after incidents like Fukushima, impact public acceptance and regulatory frameworks. Waste Management The long-term storage of radioactive waste remains a complex, unresolved challenge globally, requiring innovative solutions. New Technologies Advanced modular reactors (AMRs) and fusion research hold promise for safer, more efficient, and sustainable nuclear energy future..

[Audio] Innovations in Energy Energy Storage Solutions The development of advanced battery technologies, including lithium-ion and solid-state batteries, is crucial for managing the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. Smart Grid Technologies Smart grids enable real-time monitoring and management of electricity flows, improving efficiency, reliability, and integration of renewable sources into existing networks. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) CCS technology offers solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel energy sources, contributing to a more sustainable energy landscape..

[Audio] The Ascent of Renewable Energy: Opportunities and Intermittency Challenges Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro are rapidly gaining traction due to their environmental benefits and decreasing costs. India, for instance, has set ambitious targets for renewable energy capacity addition. However, the intermittent nature of some renewables poses significant challenges for grid stability and reliable supply, necessitating advanced energy storage solutions and smarter grid management..

[Audio] Future Roadmap for Sustainable Energy Investment in Infrastructure A decisive investment in modernizing existing energy infrastructure and developing new projects will be essential for transitioning to a sustainable energy future. Global Cooperation International collaboration and knowledge sharing among nations are necessary to overcome shared challenges and accelerate the transition to renewable energy systems. Public Awareness and Education Increasing public awareness and education about the importance of sustainable energy sources will encourage community support for renewable initiatives and innovations..

[Audio] Roadmap for the Future: Decentralisation, Smart Grids, and Energy Storage Solutions Decentralisation Moving towards distributed power generation, reducing reliance on central plants and enhancing local energy resilience. Smart Grids Implementing intelligent networks that can monitor, control, and optimise energy flow, integrating diverse sources and loads efficiently. Energy Storage Developing advanced battery technologies and other storage solutions to manage intermittency of renewables and ensure supply reliability..

[Audio] Infrastructure Deficiencies: Transmission Losses and Grid Stability Issues in Developing Nations In many developing nations, aging infrastructure leads to significant transmission losses, wasting valuable generated power. This inefficiency not only inflates energy costs but also contributes to grid instability, leading to frequent blackouts and hindering economic growth. Addressing these deficiencies requires substantial investment in modern grid technologies, smart meters, and decentralised generation solutions, tailored to local needs and resources..

[Audio] Economic and Political Challenges The power sector faces numerous economic pressures, including rising costs and fluctuating energy prices. Political instability in resource-rich regions further complicates investment opportunities. Stakeholders must navigate these dynamics for long-term stability..

[Audio]Conclusion The journey towards a sustainable global power future is challenging yet achievable. It demands a holistic approach encompassing technological innovation, robust policy frameworks, strategic investments, and international collaboration. Resilient Building energy systems that can withstand shocks and disruptions. Diversified Utilising a balanced mix of energy sources for stability. Sustainable Ensuring long-term environmental and economic viability..

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