NOISE POLLUTION PPT 1

NOISE POLLUTION Dr Fayaz A. Malla Assistant Professor, Environmental Sciences Higher Education Department, Govt. of J&K.

NOISE • “The word noise comes from the Latin word noxia meaning "injury" or "hurt" .” Noise is an unwanted, unpleasant and annoying sound caused by vibration of the matter. • Vibrations impinge on the ear drum of a human or animal and setup a nervous disturbance, which we call sound. When the effects of sound are undesirable that it may be termed as “Noise”..

Noise Pollution “Noise is define as any undesirable human or machine created noise which disturbs the activity or balance of human or animal life”..

[Audio] Terminology used in noise pollution Frequency: Frequency is the no of cycles repeated in unit time duration. Its unit is cycle/sec or Hz ( 1 Hz= 1 Cycle /sec) Intensity: Amount of sound energy received / sec is known as intensity of sound. Its Unit is decibel ( dB)..

[Audio] Decibel: Decibel is define as the logarithm to the base 10 to ratio of two intensities Lt=10 log 10 (I/I0) dB Where, I= Measured Intensity I0= Reference Intensity Lt= Level of noise in dB.

[Audio] Measurement OF NOISE Physically there is no distinction between sound and noise. Sound is a sensory perception, and the complex pattern of sound waves is labeled as noise, music, speech et cetera Noise has become a very important "stress factor" in the environment of man. “A decibel is the standard for the measurement of noise” 20 db is whisper. 40 db the noise in a quiet office. 60 db is normal conversation. 80 db is the level at which sound becomes physically painful and can be termed as noise..

[Audio] Noise Pollution “Noise pollution or environmental noise is displeasing human-, animalor machine created sound that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life.” “ The term "noise pollution" has been recently used to signify the hazard of sounds which are consequence of modern day development, leading to health hazards of different type.”.

[Audio] Noise Pollution Noise pollution is a type of energy pollution in which distracting, irritating, or damaging sounds are freely audible. Noise pollution contaminants are not physical particles, but rather waves that interfere with naturally occurring waves of a similar type in the same environment. In the most narrow sense, sounds are considered noise pollution if they adversely affect wildlife, human activity, or are capable of damaging physical structures on a regular, repeating basis..

[Audio] Classification of Noise Pollution There are 2 kinds of noise pollution. Community Noise/ Environmental Noise (non industrial noise pollution). Air craft noise Roadway noise pollution Under water noise pollution B Occupational Noise( industrial noise pollution).

[Audio] Community Noise Community noise (also called environmental noise, residential noise or domestic noise) is defined as noise emitted from all sources, except at the industrial workplace. Main sources of community noise include road, rail and air traffic, construction and public work, and the neighborhood. Typical neighborhood noise comes from live or recorded music; from sporting events including motor sports; from playgrounds and car parks; and from domestic animals such as barking dogs..

[Audio] Air craft Noise Pollution Noise from planes flying over residential areas impairs people's ability to work, learn in school and sleep, and consequently also results in lowered property values in affected areas. As passenger volume increases and new and larger airports are built, noise is becoming even more of a concern..

[Audio] Roadway noise pollution Roadway noise is the collective sound energy emanating from motor vehicles. In the U-S-A it contributes more to environmental noise exposure than any other noise source, and is constituted chiefly of engine, tire, aerodynamic and braking elements. In other Western countries as well as Lesser developed countries, roadway noise is expected to contribute a proportionately large share of the total societal noise pollution..

[Audio] Under water noise pollution U-N-P is intense humangenerated noise in the marine environment. It is caused by use of explosives, oceanographic experiments, geophysical research, underwater construction, ship traffic, intense active sonars and air guns used for seismic surveys for oil and related activities..

[Audio] Occupational Noise The many and varied sources of noise is industrial machinery and processes include: rotors, gears, turbulent fluid flow, impact processes, electrical machines, internal combustion engines, pneumatic equipment, drilling, crushing, blasting, pumps and compressors. Furthermore, the emitted sounds are reflected from floors, ceiling and equipment..

[Audio] Occupational exposure limits specify the maximum sound pressure levels and exposure times to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed without adverse effect on their ability to hear and understand normal speech. An occupational exposure limit of 85 dB for 8 hours should protect most people against a permanent hearing impairment induced by noise after 40 years of occupational exposure..

[Audio] Sources of Noise Pollution Road Traffic noise Air Craft Noise from railroads Construction Noise Noise in Industry Noise in building Noise from Consumer products Loud Speakers / Public Address Systems Firecrackers.

[Audio] road TRAFFIC NOISE In the city, the main sources of traffic noise are the motors and exhaust system of autos, smaller trucks, buses, and motorcycles. Air Craft NOISE Now a days , the problem of low flying military aircraft has added a new dimension to community annoyance, as the nation seeks to improve its nap of the earth aircraft operations over national parks, and other areas previously unaffected by aircraft noise has claimed national attention over recent years..

[Audio] Noise from railroads Construction Noise rail car retarders can The noise from produce a high frequency, high level screech that can reach peak levels of 120 dB at a distance of 100 feet, which translates to levels as high as 138, or 140 dB at the railroad worker’s ear. the construction of highways, city streets, and buildings is a major contributor to the urban scene. Construction noise sources include pneumatic hammers, air compressors, bulldozers, loaders, dump trucks (and their back up signals), and pavement breakers..

[Audio] Noise in building Apartment dwellers are often annoyed by noise in their homes, especially when the building is not well designed and constructed. In this case, internal building noise from plumbing, boilers, generators, air conditioners, and fans, can be audible and annoying.

[Audio] Certain household equipment, such as vacuum cleaners, mixers and some kitchen appliances are noisemakers of the house. Though they do not cause too much of problem, their effect cannot be neglected. Use of loudspeakers / public address systems in functions, meetings, religious places in open areas is a source of serious nuisance. Use of firecrackers with high noise level may harm the human hearing system. Especially sensitive are small children..

[Audio] Problems of Noise Pollution Hearing Impairment It Decreases the Efficiency of A Man Lack of concentration Abortion is caused Pupil Dilation Mental Illness It Causes Heart Attack Digestive problems Temporary or permanent Deafness Aggressive Behavior Effect on Vegetation Poor Quality of Crops Effect on Animal Effect on Property Sleep interference Speech interference.