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[Audio] Protein Synthesis: Mutations. Mutations. Protein Synthesis:.
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[Audio] Mutations• A change in the DNA nucleotide sequence that can change the protein.
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[Audio] 3 Types of Point Mutations Substitution, Deletion, Insertion Substitution: one base is changed to another Original DNA Strand: Mutated DNA Strand: TCC - GCA - ACT TCC - ACA - ACT GCA ACA Only ONE amino acid would be wrong in this mutation.
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[Audio] 2. Deletion: one base is removed, rest shift left TCC - GAA - CT C Deleted.
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[Audio] 3. Insertion: one base is added, rest shift right TCC - GGC - AAC - T G Inserted.
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[Audio] Frameshift Mutations In frameshift mutations, all amino acids after the mutation are affected (deletions and insertions).
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[Audio] Mutation Effects Silent: mutation still causes the same amino acid to be called No Mutation Silent TTT DNA TTC AAG AAA mRNA Lys Lys Protein.
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[Audio] 2. Missense: wrong amino acid called Missense TCC AGG Arg.
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[Audio] 3. Nonsense: stop codon called prematurely (early) Nonsense ATC UAG Stop.