Module-3

Course Code Course Name : CSE3002 : Artificial Intelligence Mr.Burla Nagaraju Assistant Professor (J),SCOPE VIT-AP University.

Module No. 3 Knowledge Representation and Intelligent Agents 9 Representations & Mappings –Approaches in Knowledge representation – Issues in knowledge representation –Types of Agents – Wumpus World Problem, Knowledge-based agents Architecture for Intelligent Agents—Agent communication— Negotiation and Bargaining - Argumentation among Agents — Trust and Reputation in Multi-agent systems..

Topic - 1: Knowledge Representations & Mappings  In AI, Knowledge representation is the process of encoding real-world knowledge into a structured, machine-readable format that an AI system can process and understand.  Mapping refers to the structured connection or conversion between these encoded representations and the original facts or other forms of data.  Mappings can be forward, translating facts into a machine-understandable representation, or backward, converting a representation back to facts, allowing AI to reason, infer, and make decisions by manipulating these structured forms of knowledge..

Introduction to knowledge representation: Humans are best at understanding, reasoning, and interpreting knowledge. Human knows things, which is knowledge and as per their knowledge they perform various actions in the real world. But how machines do? all these things comes under knowledge representation and reasoning. Hence we can describe Knowledge representation as following:  Knowledge representation and reasoning (KR, KRR) is the part of Artificial intelligence which concerned with AI agents thinking and how thinking contributes to intelligent behavior of agents.  It is responsible for representing information about the real world so that a computer can understand and can utilize this knowledge to solve the complex real world problems such as diagnosis a medical condition or communicating with humans in natural language..

• Following are the kind of knowledge which needs to be represented in AI systems: o Object: All the facts about objects in our world domain. o Events: Events are the actions which occur in our world. : o Performance: It describe behavior which involves knowledge about how to do things. o Meta-knowledge: It is knowledge about what we know. o Facts: Facts are the truths about the real world and what we represent. o Knowledge-Base: The central component of the knowledge-based agents is the knowledge base. It is represented as KB. The Knowledgebase is a group of the Sentences..