MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

Imagen en blanco y negro de la luna Descripción generada automáticamente con confianza baja.

Imagen en blanco y negro de la luna Descripción generada automáticamente con confianza baja.

Imagen en blanco y negro de la luna Descripción generada automáticamente con confianza baja.

Matter is made up of particles. The particle are very small in size. These particle have spaces between them. These particles are constantly moving. Particles attract each other. Matter can be classified into 3 states of matter – Solids, Liquid, Gas Matter can change state from one to another..

Solids State. Solid have definite mass, volume, and shape Intermolecular distances between the solid particles are short and hence the forces of attraction are strong. As the intermolecular forces are inversely related to the distance between the particles. The atoms or molecules of the solid have a fixed position. They can oscillate about their mean positions. Solids change their shape on applying the force on it. Based on the properties solid are classified as crystalline and amorphous solids. In crystalline solids, atoms are arranged in regular order. for example, ice. The solids in which the atoms are not packed in regular order or randomly ordered are called the non-crystalline or amorphous solids. For example, glass..

Liquids State. Molecules in the liquid state are so close to each other that there are small intermolecular spaces between them. Molecules of liquid are held together by attractive forces. The liquid does have a definite volume this is because the molecule does not separate from each other unless the energy is applied to it. It takes the shape of the container. Molecules of liquid are free to move therefore liquids can flow, can be poured, and assume to take the shape of the container in which it is stored When the solid is heated above its melting point, it converts into liquid. The best known example of liquid is water..

Gaseous state. The intermolecular forces of attraction in gases are the weakest. Due to larger empty spaces in between the gas particles, gas particles are highly compressible. They have lower density than the solids and liquids. Gases have volume and expand in the container they are placed. Gases have the property of diffusion. They mix with others in all proportions without any mechanical aid. For example, CO 2 ,N 2 CO 2 ,N 2 gases.

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Icono Descripción generada automáticamente. Temperature.

Pressure. Imagen que contiene pequeño, tazón, computadora Descripción generada automáticamente.

Evaporation. Imagen que contiene interior, béisbol, pequeño, plástico Descripción generada automáticamente.

Icono Descripción generada automáticamente. Forma, Círculo Descripción generada automáticamente.

Imagen que contiene pequeño, tazón, computadora Descripción generada automáticamente.

S.I. Units. SI Unit of temperature : Kelvin (K) SI Unit of Pressure : Pascal (Pa), equal to one newton per square metre (N/m 2 , or kg·m −1 ·s −2 )..

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