Name: matter
Uploaded: 2023-05-30
Duration: 6 min 11 s
Description: matter. abstract. Matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume. Matter is described as something that has mass and occupies space. All physical structures are made up of matter, and the state or process of matter is an easily observed property of matter. Strong, liquid, and gas are the three basic states of matter.

matter. abstract. Matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume. Matter is described as something that has mass and occupies space. All physical structures are made up of matter, and the state or process of matter is an easily observed property of matter. Strong, liquid, and gas are the three basic states of matter. 

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Matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having  volume. Matter   is described as something that has mass and occupies space. All physical structures are made up of matter, and the state or process of matter is an easily observed property of matter. Strong, liquid, and gas are the three basic states of matter

Properties of matter. Properties of Matter Are these properties determined without changing the identity of the No Chemical Properties How does the substance reaction to the presence of Air • Acid Base Water Other chemicals Yes substance? No Physical Properties Yes Does the properties depend on amount of substance? Intensive physical property Color Melting point Boiling point Density Extensive physical property Mass Volume • Length • Shape. 

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Properties of Matter
Are these properties determined
without changing the identity of the
No
Chemical Properties
How does the
substance reaction to
the presence of
Air
• Acid
Base
Water
Other chemicals
Yes
substance?
No
Physical Properties
Yes
Does the properties depend
on amount of substance?
Intensive physical property
Color
Melting point
Boiling point
Density
Extensive physical property
Mass
Volume
• Length
• Shape

Physical Properties of Matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and can be represented or explained as something that takes up space. It must display both the mass and volume properties. Properties are the characteristics that enable us to differentiate one material from another. A physical property is an attribute of matter that is independent of its chemical composition. Density, colour , hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity are all examples of physical properties. Any characteristic that can be measured, such as an object’s density, colour , mass, volume, length, malleability, melting point, hardness, odour , temperature, and more, are considered properties of matter .. 

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Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and can be represented or explained as something that takes up space. It must display both the mass and volume properties. Properties are the characteristics that enable us to differentiate one material from another. A physical property is an attribute of matter that is independent of its chemical composition.  Density,  colour , hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity are all examples of physical properties.  Any characteristic that can be measured, such as an object’s density,  colour , mass, volume, length, malleability, melting point, hardness,  odour , temperature, and more, are considered properties of matter .

Physical Properties Of Matter
A physical property is a characteristic that can be determined without
changing the chemical identity Of a substance.
Length
El"titity
color
Density
Volume
Mass
ter

Intensive and Extensive Properties of Matter. Intensive and Extensive Properties Intensive properties do not depend on the amount Of matter in a sample. Extensive properties depend on how much matter a sample contains. Temperature Concentration Boiling Point Luster Weight Volume Length Entropy sciencenotes.org. 

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Intensive and Extensive Properties of Matter

Intensive and Extensive Properties
Intensive properties do not
depend on the amount Of
matter in a sample.
Extensive properties depend
on how much matter a sample
contains.
Temperature
Concentration
Boiling Point
Luster
Weight
Volume
Length
Entropy
sciencenotes.org

Both the physical and chemical properties of matter are either extensive or intensive. Extensive properties including mass and volume are proportional to the amount of matter being weighed. Density and  colour , for example, are not affected by the amount of matter present.

Intensive properties of matter – An intensive property is a bulk property, which means it is a system’s local physical property that is independent of the system’s size or volume of material. Intensive properties are those that are independent of the amount of matter present. Pressure and temperature, for example, are intensive properties . Extensive property of matter – A property that is dependent on the amount of matter in a sample is known as an extensive property. Extensive properties include mass and volume. The scale of the system or the volume of matter in it determines the extensive property of the system. Extensive properties are those in which the value of a system’s property is equal to the sum of the values for the parts of the system.. 

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Intensive properties of matter –  An intensive property is a bulk property, which means it is a system’s local physical property that is independent of the system’s size or volume of material. Intensive properties are those that are independent of the amount of matter present. Pressure and temperature, for example, are intensive properties . Extensive property of matter –  A property that is dependent on the amount of matter in a sample is known as an extensive property. Extensive properties include mass and volume. The scale of the system or the volume of matter in it determines the extensive property of the system. Extensive properties are those in which the value of a system’s property is equal to the sum of the values for the parts of the system.

Chemical Properties of Matter. changes cherx•ical i dity F I a a b i I ity Reactivity To x i c it y. 

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changes cherx•ical
i dity
F I a a b i I ity
Reactivity
To x i c it y

Chemical properties are characteristics that can only be measured or observed as matter transforms into a particular type of matter. Reactivity, flammability, and the ability to rust are among them. The tendency of matter to react chemically with other substances is known as reactivity. Flammability, toxicity, acidity, the reactivity of various types, and heat of combustion are examples of chemical properties .

Reactivity – The tendency of matter to combine chemically with other substances is known as reactivity. Certain materials are highly reactive, whereas others are extremely inactive. Potassium, for example, is extremely reactive, even in the presence of water. A pea-sized piece of potassium reacts explosively when combined with a small volume of water . Flammability – The tendency of matter to burn is referred to as flammability. As matter burns, it reacts with oxygen and transforms into various substances. A flammable matter is anything like wood . Toxicity – Toxicity refers to the extent to which a chemical element or a combination of chemicals may harm an organism . Acidity – A substance’s ability to react with an acid is a chemical property. Some metals form compounds when they react with different acids. Acids react with bases to create water, which neutralizes the acid.. 

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Reactivity –  The tendency of matter to combine chemically with other substances is known as reactivity. Certain materials are highly reactive, whereas others are extremely inactive. Potassium, for example, is extremely reactive, even in the presence of water. A pea-sized piece of potassium reacts explosively when combined with a small volume of water . Flammability –  The tendency of matter to burn is referred to as flammability. As matter burns, it reacts with oxygen and transforms into various substances. A flammable matter is anything like wood . Toxicity –  Toxicity refers to the extent to which a chemical element or a combination of chemicals may harm an organism . Acidity –  A substance’s ability to react with an acid is a chemical property. Some metals form compounds when they react with different acids. Acids react with bases to create water, which neutralizes the acid.

there are 4 states of matter. Solid- solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural rigidity (as in rigid bodies) and resistance to a force applied to the surface.. 

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Solid- solid   is  one of the four fundamental states of matter  (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural rigidity (as in rigid bodies) and resistance to a force applied to the surface.

Liquid-A  liquid is  a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure . It is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma), and is the only state with a definite volume but no fixed shape.

Gas- gas  is  the state of matter in which the particles are far apart, fast-moving and not  organized  in any particular way . Gases are substances that exist in the gaseous state, which is one of the three fundamental states of matter. Gases are highly compressible and feature very large intermolecular distances.

Melting
Solid
States of Matter
Vaporization
Ionization
Gas
Plasma

Plasma. plasma , in physics , an electrically conducting medium in which there are roughly equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles , produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized. It is sometimes referred to as the fourth state of matter , distinct from the solid , liquid , and gaseous states. The negative charge is usually carried by electrons , each of which has one unit of negative charge. The positive charge is typically carried by atoms or molecules that are missing those same electrons. In some rare but interesting cases, electrons missing from one type of atom or molecule become attached to another component, resulting in a plasma containing both positive and negative ions. The most extreme case of this type occurs when small but macroscopic dust particles become charged in a state referred to as a dusty plasma , The uniqueness of the plasma state is due to the importance of electric and magnetic forces that act on a plasma in addition to such forces as gravity that affect all forms of matter. Since these electromagnetic forces can act at large distances, a plasma will act collectively much like a fluid even when the particles seldom collide with one another.. 

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plasma , in  physics , an electrically conducting medium in which there are roughly equal numbers of positively and negatively charged  particles ,  produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized. It is sometimes referred to as the fourth state of  matter , distinct from the  solid ,  liquid , and  gaseous  states. The  negative  charge  is usually carried by  electrons , each of which has one unit of negative charge. The positive charge is typically carried by atoms or molecules that are missing those same electrons. In some rare but interesting cases, electrons missing from one type of  atom  or  molecule  become attached to another component, resulting in a plasma containing both positive and negative ions. The most extreme case of this type occurs when small but macroscopic dust particles become charged in a state referred to as a  dusty  plasma ,  The uniqueness of the plasma state is due to the importance of electric and magnetic forces that act on a plasma in addition to such forces as  gravity  that affect all forms of matter. Since these electromagnetic forces can act at large distances, a plasma will act collectively much like a  fluid  even when the particles seldom collide with one another.

p lasma  does not have a definite shape and volume. In gases intermolecular forces of attraction are lower than liquids and the plasma state has the least intermolecular forces among all the states of matter. [ In the plasma state the ions move without any attraction with each other .]

5 • Dark Energy • Dark Matter Ordinary Matter. percentage of matter in the universe. 

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5
• Dark Energy
• Dark Matter
Ordinary Matter

Dark matter. Dark matter can refer to any substance which interacts predominantly via gravity with visible matter (e.g., stars and planets). Hence in principle it need not be composed of a new type of fundamental particle but could, at least in part, be made up of standard baryonic matter, such as protons or neutrons .. 

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Dark matter can refer to  any substance which interacts predominantly via gravity with visible matter  (e.g., stars and planets). Hence in principle it need not be composed of a new type of fundamental particle but could, at least in part, be made up of standard baryonic matter, such as protons or neutrons .

The term dark matter was coined in 1933 by  Fritz  Zwicky  of the California Institute of Technology to describe the unseen matter that must dominate one feature of the universe—the Coma Galaxy Cluster.

dark matter , a component of the  universe  whose presence is discerned from its  gravitational  attraction rather than its luminosity. Dark matter makes up 30.1 percent of the  matter -energy  composition of  the universe; the rest is  dark energy  (69.4 percent) and “ordinary” visible matter (0.5 percent ).

Antimatter particles carry the same charge as matter particles, but of opposite sign. That is, an antiproton is negatively charged and an antielectron ( positron ) is positively charged. Neutrons do not carry a net charge, but their constituent quarks do. Protons and neutrons have a baryon number of +1, while antiprotons and antineutrons have a baryon number of –1. Similarly, electrons have a lepton number of +1, while that of positrons is –1. When a particle and its corresponding antiparticle collide, they are both converted into energy. 

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Antimatter particles carry the same charge as matter particles, but of opposite sign. That is, an antiproton is negatively charged and an antielectron ( positron ) is positively charged. Neutrons do not carry a net charge, but their constituent  quarks do. Protons and neutrons have a baryon number of +1, while antiprotons and antineutrons have a baryon number of –1. Similarly, electrons have a  lepton number  of +1, while that of positrons  is –1. When a particle and its corresponding antiparticle collide, they are both converted into energy

In  modern physics ,  antimatter  is defined as  matter  composed of the  antiparticles  (or "partners") of the corresponding  particles  in "ordinary" matter, and can be thought of as matter with reversed charge, parity, and time, known as  CPT reversal . Antimatter occurs in natural processes like  cosmic ray  collisions and some types of  radioactive decay , but only a tiny fraction of these have successfully been bound together in experiments to form antiatoms. Minuscule numbers of antiparticles can be generated at  particle accelerators ; however, total artificial production has been only a few  nanograms . [1]  No  macroscopic  amount of antimatter has ever been assembled due to the extreme cost and difficulty of production and handling.

matter

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 In  modern physics ,  antimatter  is defined as  matter  composed of the  antiparticles  (or "partners") of the corresponding  particles  in "ordinary" matter, and can be thought of as matter with reversed charge, parity, and time, known as  CPT reversal . Antimatter occurs in natural processes like  cosmic ray  collisions and some types of  radioactive decay , but only a tiny fraction of these have successfully been bound together in experiments to form antiatoms. Minuscule numbers of antiparticles can be generated at  particle accelerators ; however, total artificial production has been only a few  nanograms . [1]  No  macroscopic  amount of antimatter has ever been assembled due to the extreme cost and difficulty of production and handling.