Marine Cargo in General

[Audio] Marine cargo encompasses all sorts of goods or commodities that are carried by sea. This can range from unprocessed materials to completed products, and everything in between. As we delve into the realm of marine cargo, we will examine the diverse types of cargo frequently transported, the various techniques employed to load and unload them, and some of the crucial factors that must be considered when shipping goods via sea..

[Audio] Oceanus Marine Ltd., with over 40 years of experience in the maritime industry, provides expert marine surveying services. Our team of certified marine surveyors, captains, chief engineers, and naval architects have extensive knowledge in cargo operations, ensuring the safe and efficient transportation of goods globally. We offer valuable insights into the complexities of marine cargo, assisting clients in navigating international trade challenges..

[Audio] Our team consists of experienced professionals with diverse backgrounds and expertise. Administrative and Technical Officers oversee our operations, ensuring that all aspects of marine cargo management are well-coordinated. Surveyors are experts in commercial and pleasure vessel surveys, providing valuable insights for clients. The Director and Senior Surveyor lead our claims department, while our Superyacht Surveyor specializes in small yacht surveys. We also have a dedicated team for bunker and cargo surveys, working closely with naval architects as sub-contractors. Our Office and Financial Manager handles administrative tasks, supported by our Medical Officer. Associate Surveyors based in Italy, Spain, Greece, and Egypt allow us to provide global services..

[Audio] The purpose of cargo surveys is to ensure the safe and efficient transportation of goods. Pre-shipment surveys verify the condition and quality of the cargo before it is shipped. Loading surveys monitor the loading process to ensure proper securing and handling. Discharge surveys verify that the cargo has been unloaded correctly and in the same condition as when it was loaded. Damage surveys assess the extent of any damage that may have occurred during transit. Draught surveys determine the draft of the vessel and ensure it is within recommended limits. Container surveys verify the condition and contents of containers before they are shipped..

[Audio] The purpose of a pre-shipment survey is to assess the condition of the cargo before it is shipped. This assessment takes place before the goods are loaded onto a vessel, aircraft, or truck. Our focus is on checking the condition of the cargo, its packaging, labeling, and ensuring that all regulatory standards are met for the shipment and insurance requirements..

[Audio] The cargo inspection survey is a crucial step in ensuring the safe transportation of goods. As we examine the cargo, we verify the particulars and condition of each item. We identify what needs to be shipped, comment on its current state, and record the serial numbers. Our goal is to certify that these goods are properly packed and marked for the journey ahead, including any necessary handling instructions. By doing so, we can guarantee that the cargo is ready for transport, minimizing the risk of damage or loss during transit..

[Audio] During the loading phase, we verify the procedure of loading method to avoid any cargo damage. We visually inspect the lifting gear and lifting equipment to ensure they're in good working condition. We also check and verify the lashing and securing equipment to ensure the cargo is properly secured, loaded according to its specifications, and inspected for any potential damages that may occur during loading..

[Audio] The marine cargo surveyor inspects the ship and proposed method of securing the goods, verifying that the cargo packing is suitable. Ensuring that the cargo is correctly stowed and secured, considering the likely weather conditions during the sea voyage..

[Audio] The discharge survey is crucial because it verifies that the cargo is unloaded correctly and inspected for any damage or loss that occurred during transportation. Our team of experienced marine surveyors conducts a thorough examination to identify any issues or discrepancies, providing a detailed report to our clients. This helps minimize the risk of damage or loss and ensures a smooth transition from sea to shore..

[Audio] When we offload cargo at the destination port, our primary goal is to verify the condition and quantity of the goods. We carefully check the cargo as it's unloaded from the vessel to ensure that it's removed safely and efficiently, and that there's no damage or loss during transportation. By conducting a thorough inspection, we confirm that the cargo matches the original inventory and that it's in the same condition as when it was loaded onto the ship. This critical step helps us maintain the highest level of service and ensures that our customers receive their goods in the expected state..

[Audio] When conducting a damage survey, we focus on evaluating the condition and quality of the cargo. This assessment can take place at various stages of transport, whether it's during loading, transit, or unloading. Our goal is to ensure that the cargo remains undamaged, uncontaminated, and unchanged throughout its journey. We prioritize this process for perishable, hazardous, or high-value goods, where even slight alterations could have significant consequences. By performing a thorough damage survey, we guarantee the integrity of the cargo and maintain compliance with industry standards..

[Audio] Performing damage surveys is vital for evaluating the damage to goods during transportation. As a marine surveyor, it is important to thoroughly investigate claims, identify the cause of damage, and assess its impact on the cargo. This data is essential for suggesting methods to reduce losses and guarantee the secure delivery of goods. By conducting these surveys, we can provide precise evaluations that help clients make knowledgeable choices concerning their damaged cargo..

[Audio] During a cargo inspection survey, we evaluate any damage that may have occurred during transportation. This assessment occurs after incidents such as collisions, rough handling, or exposure to environmental factors. Our main objective is to determine the extent of the damage and gather evidence for insurance claims. This allows us to identify the cause of the damage and take necessary measures to prevent similar incidents in the future. Before the incident, we also collect information on the condition of the cargo, which helps us understand the impact of the incident. This information enables us to create precise reports and support insurance claims..

[Audio] Conducting a damage assessment is essential for marine cargo. It involves determining the extent of damage from incidents such as collisions, rough handling, or environmental exposure. This helps with insurance claims to ensure proper compensation. A thorough investigation can reveal the severity of the damage and any potential causes, which is important in deciding whether to repair or replace damaged goods..

[Audio] The container survey plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and integrity of shipping containers. By conducting a thorough examination, surveyors can identify any potential issues or defects that could compromise the container's ability to safely transport goods. This includes verifying the presence of necessary markings and certifications, as well as ensuring compliance with international standards and regulations. A comprehensive container survey helps maintain the trustworthiness of the container and ensures that it meets the necessary requirements for transporting cargo..

[Audio] Marine cargo plays a crucial role in international trade by facilitating the delivery of goods. The topic of marine cargo also includes the importance of container inspection surveys. Slide 16, out of 34, focuses on the purpose of these surveys. Conducting these surveys is a crucial process in ensuring the safety of both the cargo and the individuals involved in its transport. By inspecting containers, we can prevent accidents during transportation by ensuring their good condition. Additionally, container inspection surveys are vital in preventing any damage to the cargo. It is crucial to ensure that the containers are secure and free of defects that could lead to leaks, contamination, or structural failure during shipping. This not only protects the goods being shipped, but also maintains the reputation of our company. Compliance with regulations is another essential aspect of container inspection surveys. Shipping containers must meet international standards in order to be legally used for transportation. Through thorough inspections, we ensure that our containers meet these standards and avoid any potential legal issues. In conclusion, container inspection surveys are essential in maintaining the safety and integrity of marine cargo. By ensuring the good condition of containers, we can prevent accidents, protect the goods being transported, and comply with international regulations. Let's now move on to the next slide and continue our discussion on marine cargo..

[Audio] Today we will be discussing bunker surveys, a crucial process for ship operations. This survey involves inspecting and verifying the levels, quality, and quantity of bunker fuel on board a vessel, typically before, during, or after refueling. It is important for ensuring compliance with maritime regulations and preventing disputes over fuel quantities or quality. There are various reasons for conducting bunker surveys, including resolving disputes, meeting regulatory requirements, preventing fuel loss, and effective fuel management. These surveys are vital in promoting responsible and sustainable practices in the shipping industry. By accurately determining the fuel received, we can avoid potential conflicts and ensure smooth and efficient ship operations. In conclusion, bunker surveys play a critical role in the overall management of marine cargo..

[Audio] Slide number 18 of our presentation discusses marine cargo and the importance of bunker surveys in the shipping industry. These surveys are crucial in ensuring vessels receive the correct amount and quality of fuel, preventing breakdowns and delays. They also help avoid legal and financial disputes between ship stakeholders. Bunker surveys contribute to safer and more efficient ship operations by ensuring fuel is of good quality and free from contaminants. This also aids in compliance with environmental regulations, particularly for sulfur emissions. With a focus on sustainability, bunker surveys play a vital role in reducing the industry's environmental impact. In conclusion, bunker surveys are integral to the marine cargo industry, providing numerous benefits such as ensuring safety and efficiency and promoting compliance with regulations..

[Audio] Slide number 19 discusses Loss Investigations for Marine Cargo. This process assesses damage to the cargo during transport, after an incident has occurred. Loss Investigations focus on identifying the extent of damage and providing evidence for insurance claims. In today's global market, transporting goods by sea is common, but poses the risk of potential damage. Understanding Loss Investigations is crucial for companies to protect their cargo and process insurance claims effectively. A team of professionals conducts the investigation by thoroughly examining the cargo and collecting evidence to determine the cause and extent of damage. These findings are used as evidence for insurance claims, ensuring proper compensation for any damage. In summary, Loss Investigations are crucial for the safe transport and documentation of damage to Marine Cargo. Companies must have a thorough understanding of this process for the successful and efficient transportation of their goods..

[Audio] Slide 20 of our presentation discusses the different types of cargo commonly seen in marine transportation. These include container cargo, liquid bulk, refrigerated cargo, dry bulk, livestock, breakbulk, and ro-ro. Each type of cargo has its own unique characteristics and requirements. Container cargo is probably the most well-known and widely used type of cargo. It involves packing goods into large containers which are then loaded onto ships. This method allows for easy transportation and handling of goods, making it a preferred option for many companies. Liquid bulk cargo, on the other hand, refers to the transportation of liquids such as oil, gas, and chemicals in large tankers. This type of cargo requires specialized equipment and careful handling to ensure the safety of the crew and the environment. Refrigerated cargo, also known as "reefer" cargo, is used for the transportation of perishable goods that require a specific temperature-controlled environment. This type of cargo is commonly used for the transportation of foods and pharmaceuticals. Dry bulk cargo consists of goods that are not in liquid or gas form, such as coal, grain, and ores. These goods are typically loaded directly onto the ship's hold, rather than being containerized. Livestock refers to the transportation of live animals, such as cattle, sheep, and horses, by sea. This type of cargo requires strict regulations and care to ensure the animals' safety and well-being during the journey. Breakbulk cargo, also known as general cargo, includes any goods that are not containerized or loaded as bulk cargo. Examples of breakbulk cargo include machinery, vehicles, and project cargo. Finally, ro-ro, or roll-on/roll-off, cargo refers to goods that can be driven onto the ship, such as cars and trucks. This type of cargo is loaded and unloaded using ramps, making it a convenient option for goods that can be driven on and off the ship. Understanding the different types of cargo is crucial for efficient and safe marine transportation. It is essential for professionals in this industry to be knowledgeable about the various types of cargo and how to handle them effectively. This concludes our discussion on the different types of cargo..

[Audio] Marine cargo encompasses a variety of goods that can be transported across the world. One efficient method for transporting these goods is through container cargo. Containers are large and can be transported using different modes of transportation. They have a massive capacity, making it easy to transport large quantities of items, including electronics, clothing, toys, and general cargo. Specialized containers can also be used for specific items such as equipment and liquids. The standardized size of containers, typically 20 or 40 feet long, allows for easier loading and unloading onto ships using specialized machinery. This type of cargo is suitable for global shipping and can be easily transported by truck, train, or ship. Its ease of handling with cranes and forklifts, protection from weather and theft, and efficiency for intermodal transportation are important characteristics of container cargo. Examples of goods commonly transported through containers include consumer goods, electronics, machinery, and clothing. Its convenience, efficiency, and security make container cargo a preferred choice by many industries. Container cargo is just one of the many types of cargo that is transported through the world's oceans and plays a crucial role in global trade..

[Audio] Slide number 22 of our presentation focuses on liquid bulk cargo, which refers to liquid goods shipped in bulk by ships. This type of cargo is crucial in the maritime industry because of its economic and domestic significance. Examples of liquid bulk cargo include crude oil, vegetable oil, alcoholic beverages, petrol, and unprocessed beverages. Shipping is the preferred method of transportation for this type of cargo, but it also comes with its own risks. To prevent leakage, the cargo hold is double-shelled and has a double bottom in case of collisions. Liquid bulk cargo is typically transported in large quantities in tankers, tank containers, or drums. It also requires specialized storage tanks or temperature control, depending on the specific characteristics of the liquid. Hazardous liquids, such as chemicals or food-grade liquids, may require strict separation to avoid contamination. Safety regulations are also in place for hazardous liquids, such as wine, milk, edible oils, lubricants, oil, chemicals, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and petroleum products. We hope this brief overview has given you a better understanding of liquid bulk cargo in the marine industry. Please continue with the presentation to learn about other types of cargo..

[Audio] Today we will discuss the topic of Marine Cargo, specifically dry bulk, general cargo, and breakbulk materials. Slide 23 out of 34 contains important information about the characteristics of dry bulk cargo, which includes materials vital for construction such as sand, cement, grains, iron ore, coal, salt, and sugar. These materials are transported in large quantities and play a crucial role in the food and infrastructure industries. General cargo consists of goods shipped in individual packages and can be loaded onto various modes of transportation. Breakbulk materials, on the other hand, are unpackaged cargo and can be in solid or liquid form. Dry bulk cargo requires specialized handling equipment and is handled in large quantities. It is important to understand the different types of marine cargo in order to ensure efficient transportation and smooth functioning of vital industries. Thank you for watching and stay tuned for more valuable information in the upcoming slides..

[Audio] This slide will discuss breakbulk cargo, which refers to goods that are too large to fit in standard shipping containers. Examples of breakbulk cargo include wood, paper, and unprocessed metals. These items are usually packed in crates or racks for easier handling and transportation. Breakbulk cargo requires individual handling and stowage, often using cranes or heavy equipment. It does not typically require specialized handling. Breakbulk cargo is a popular choice for shipping companies and rarely faces issues during transportation. Examples of breakbulk cargo range from electronics and furniture to large vehicles. This type of cargo can be transported in either containerized or breakbulk form and is not perishable. In summary, breakbulk cargo is shipped in individual units on general cargo ships and is too large or awkward to fit into containers. Thank you for watching and stay tuned for our next slide..

[Audio] Livestock is a common type of cargo in the world of marine cargo transportation. This includes live animals such as cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, and horses. Transporting livestock between countries requires careful planning and intensive care to ensure their well-being and safety. Specialized means of transportation, such as livestock containers and ships, must adhere to strict regulations to prevent the spread of diseases and ensure the safety of the animals. Temperature control, ventilation, and water supply are crucial for the health and well-being of the animals throughout the journey. As responsible HR professionals, it is our duty to prioritize the well-being and respectful treatment of these living creatures during their journey across borders.".

[Audio] This training video is focused on Employee Engagement and HR, and we are currently on slide number 26. This slide covers Ro-ro, or roll on/roll off, cargo which plays a significant role in the transportation industry. Ro-ro cargo is simply goods that can be rolled onto the vessel for loading and unloading, and it primarily includes vehicles of all sizes and shapes. Ro-ro vessels are specifically designed to transport a wide variety of vehicles, including cars, motorbikes, buses, trucks, tractors, and JCBs. One of the key features of Ro-ro cargo is that it is loaded and unloaded using a ramp, resulting in a quick and efficient process. This method is not only convenient for the transportation of vehicles but also other rolling goods like construction machinery and trailers. Ro-ro cargo is often transported on specialized vessels designed for the safe transport of such cargo. To sum up, Ro-ro refers to cargo that is driven or towed onto the vessel and driven off at the destination, and it is primarily used for the transportation of vehicles, making it an essential part of the marine cargo industry..

[Audio] In this slide, we will be discussing refrigerated cargo, also known as reefer cargo. Reefer cargo refers to perishable and frozen foods, making it one of the most challenging goods to transport due to its short shelf life and high risk of decay. To ensure safe and efficient transport, reefer vessels are used. These ships have temperature controlling features to keep the cargo at the required temperature. Common items transported as refrigerated cargo include meat, fish, dry vegetables, and fruits. Reefer ships are specifically designed for transporting refrigerated cargo, equipped with advanced temperature control systems. They require continuous monitoring of temperature and humidity. To achieve this, reefer containers are used to transport the cargo. Examples of goods commonly transported as refrigerated cargo are fresh produce, meat, pharmaceuticals, dairy products, and certain chemicals. In summary, refrigerated cargo is crucial for the safe and efficient transportation of perishable and temperature-sensitive goods..

[Audio] We will now shift our focus to the topic of machinery in Marine Cargo. Whether it is new or second-hand, heavy machinery faces various risks during transport such as mechanical damage, corrosion, and parts shifting. Proper packaging and handling are crucial to prevent these risks. Machinery must be secured and may require specialized crating or support structures. High-value machinery may also require comprehensive insurance coverage for transport and installation. It is important for companies to carefully consider and address these factors when shipping machinery via marine cargo. We will now move on to the next slide..

[Audio] We will now discuss employee engagement and its importance in HR. Specifically, we will focus on marine cargo, including motor vehicles, motorcycles, and caravans. These types of cargo face unique risks during transportation, both externally and internally. To mitigate these risks, it is essential to properly package and handle the vehicles. This may involve securing them to prevent movement within the transport vehicle, using tie-downs and wheel chocks. For larger vehicles and caravans, specialized trailers or carriers may be necessary. Insurance coverage is also crucial for these types of cargo, particularly for high-value vehicles. This may include protection against accidental damage, theft, or vandalism. For second-hand vehicles, specific clauses for wear and tear are necessary. In conclusion, it is vital to ensure proper packaging, handling, and insurance coverage to ensure the safe transportation of motor vehicles, motorcycles, and caravans..

[Audio] Slide 30 focuses on the topic of Boats in the context of Marine Cargo. When transporting boats, whether new or second-hand, certain risks must be taken into account. These risks include water exposure, rough handling, and improper securing, which can result in damage. To minimize these risks, proper packaging and handling are crucial. Special cradles, waterproof tarps, and shipping containers are often needed to protect boats during transit. It is also important to secure the boats to prevent rolling or tipping. Additionally, insurance for boats should be considered due to their vulnerability to water damage, weather conditions, and handling during loading and unloading. Moving on to slide 31..

[Audio] When transporting household goods and personal effects, there are risks that may arise. These items can be fragile and vulnerable to damage during transport. This is especially true for glassware, electronics, and furniture. To minimize these risks, proper packaging and handling is important. Each item should be individually packed in protective materials and securely loaded to prevent damage. Furniture may require special wrapping to avoid scratches and dents. It is also important to consider insurance coverage for these items during transport, which is typically covered under household or personal property insurance. This coverage may also extend to temporary relocations. In summary, taking necessary precautions is crucial to avoid potential risks when transporting household goods and personal effects. Proper packaging, handling, and insurance considerations are key factors in ensuring the safe and secure transport of these items..

[Audio] This slide will cover the risks and considerations involved in transporting fragile and high-value items, specifically paintings, valuables, antiques, and statues. These items are at a higher risk of damage due to temperature and humidity fluctuations and physical harm like scratches and cracks. Special care and attention must be given to packaging and handling these items, with custom-made packaging for each piece to ensure maximum protection. In some cases, a climate-controlled environment may also be necessary for safe transport. It is also vital to consider proper insurance coverage when dealing with fine art and antiques, as they require specialized coverage due to their high value and rarity. In conclusion, when handling fragile and high-value items, it is important to recognize and address their unique risks and take necessary precautions for safe transport. Thank you..

[Audio] We are currently on slide number 33 out of 34, discussing the risks associated with marine cargo for consumer electronics and white goods. This is an important aspect for businesses dealing with these products, as potential damage during transportation can have a significant impact on both the company and the customer. Both consumer electronics, such as computers and televisions, and white goods, such as refrigerators and washing machines, are susceptible to different types of damage during transportation. While electronics are prone to physical damage, white goods are more susceptible to mechanical damage or dents. Proper precautions must be taken in terms of packaging and handling to ensure the safety of these products during transport. Anti-static packaging is necessary for electronics to prevent any internal damage caused by static electricity, while white goods should be properly padded to prevent any mechanical or cosmetic damage. Insurance considerations are also important, as coverage for impact damage, shipping accidents, and electrical faults can provide peace of mind for businesses. These risks can all occur during the transportation of consumer electronics and white goods. In conclusion, it is crucial for companies to carefully consider and take necessary precautions to protect against the risks associated with transporting consumer electronics and white goods in marine cargo. The right insurance coverage can also provide added protection for both the products and customers. We will now move on to our final slide..

[Audio] As our presentation draws to a close, we would like to discuss the topic of Marine Cargo in General. This category encompasses a wide range of products, such as spirits, wines, beers, and other beverages, including water and soft drinks. Transporting these goods comes with certain risks. Due to their delicate nature, alcohol and beverages are prone to breakage or leakage, especially when in glass bottles. Additionally, there is a concern about temperature sensitivity, particularly with wines. It is crucial to ensure the safe delivery of these products by using proper packaging and handling techniques. Sturdy cartons or crates, along with additional inner packaging, are necessary to prevent bottle breakage. For some types of beverages, temperature control is also a crucial factor. When it comes to insurance considerations, it is worth noting that insurance for beverages usually covers any damage that may occur during transport, including breakage and spoilage. This highlights the importance of taking all necessary precautions to protect these products during their journey. In conclusion, we hope this presentation has provided a better understanding of the risks and necessary measures to consider when transporting spirits, wines, beers, and other beverages. Thank you for your attention, and we hope you found this information valuable for your future endeavors..