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Linking Actions in Time: Simple Explanations Hello! Today, we are learning how to connect different actions in a single sentence. We use special words like when, while, before, and after to show when an action happens or what happens at the same time. 1. Quick Review: The Present Continuous We use the Present Continuous tense to talk about actions happening right now or around the present moment. Subject Structure Example I am + -ing I am writing an email. He/She/It is + -ing He is listening to music. You/We/They are + -ing They are studying English. 2. Connectives for Simultaneous Actions (Happening at the Same Time) These words help us talk about two things happening at once. A. WHILE (During the time that...) Use WHILE when two long actions are happening at the exact same time. We often use the Present Continuous for both actions. Structure Explanation While [Action 1], [Action 2]. Action 1 and Action 2 are happening together. Simplified Examples: 1. While I am cooking dinner, my sister is watching TV. 2. My father is jogging in the park while he is listening to a podcast. B. WHEN (At the time that...) Use WHEN to connect a long action (often Present Continuous) with a shorter, more specific action or event. Structure Explanation When [Action 1], [Action 2]. Action 1 is happening, and Action 2 happens at that moment. Simplified Examples: 1. When we are walking to the mosque, we greet our neighbors. (Action 1 is the long walk; Action 2 is the short greeting). 2. The phone rings when I am eating lunch..
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[Audio] Today's lesson is about connecting simultaneous actions using connectives like when, while, before, and after. These words show the sequence in which events occur. The first connective we will learn is BEFORE, which indicates that the first action must happen before the second. The structure for this is "Action 1 before Action 2." For example, "Before leaving for work, my mother drinks coffee," means that drinking coffee comes before leaving for work. Another example is "I clean my room before I start my homework," showing that cleaning the room precedes starting homework. Moving on to AFTER, this connective shows that the first action is complete before the second one begins. The structure is "After Action 1, Action 2." For instance, "After harvesting the vegetables, the farmer rests," means that the farmer rests after harvesting. Similarly, "The students take a break after the teacher finishes the lesson," shows that the students take a break after the teacher has finished the lesson. It's important to note that these connectives often use the Simple Present tense, as they refer to habits, routines, or general truths. Words like While and When also connect two actions in progress, using the Present Continuous tense. It's important to pay attention to tenses when using these words. I hope this lesson has helped you understand how to use connectives to show the order of events. Thank you for reading and I look forward to seeing how you apply these in your own writing..