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SAMPLING. MR. JENISH VARGHESE OFFICER – HR DEVELOPMENT & NURSE EDUCATION.
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DEFINITION OF THE SAMPLING. Procedure by which some members of the population are selected as representatives of the entire population.
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STUDY POPULATION. A study population is the population to which the results of the study will be inferred ..
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The study population depends upon the research question.
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Definition of sampling terms. Sampling unit (Basic sampling unit, BSU) Elementary unit that will be sampled People Health care workers Hospitals • Sampling frame List of all sampling units in the population • Sampling scheme Method used to select sampling units from the sampling frame.
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Practical example. The Ministry of Health of a country X wants to estimate the proportion of children in elementary schools who have been immunized against childhood infectious diseases . The task must be completed in one month The objective is to estimate the proportion of immunized children.
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Why do we sample populations?. Obtain information from large populations Ensure the efficiency of a study Obtain more accurate information.
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Type of samples. Non-probability samples Probability of being selected is unknown Convenience samples Biased Best or worst scenario Subjective samples Based on knowledge Time/resources constraints.
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Type of samples. • Probability samples Every unit in the population has a known probability of being selected Only sampling method that allows to draw valid conclusions about population.
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Random sampling in probability samples. Removes the possibility of bias in selection of subjects Ensures that each subject has a known probability of being chosen Allows application of statistical theory.