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Overview of Harm Reduction Interventions. for People Who Use Drugs (PWUDs).
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[Audio] Read this slide out to the participants. Explain that the content of this session will help them all objectives outlined in the slide.
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[Audio] Notes Explain to participants that these are the broad areas that will be covered in the next slides to meet the workshop objectives.
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[Audio] Ask the participants to brain storm in pairs on the questions in the slides for a few minutes. Questions: What are the patterns of drug use in Kenya? What is the impact of drug use in relation to public health?.
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Psychoactive substances: substances that alter mental processes and behaviour Drug Use Taking a psychoactive substance for non-medical purposes. Drug Abuse Drug use that leads to problems (e.g. loss of effectiveness in society; behavioral psychopathology, criminal acts) Drug Dependence A maladaptive pattern of drug use leading to clinically-significant impairment or distress, associated with difficulty in controlling drug-taking behavior, withdrawal, and tolerance.
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[Audio] Notes Inform the participants that the statistics may have change and they should therefore check on the latest trends. A 2012 rapid situation assessment of the status of drug and substance abuse in Kenya revealed an increase in lifetime use of heroin among persons aged 15–65 years from 0.4% in 2007 to 0.7% in 2012 (NACADA 2012. Rapid Situation Assessment of the Status of Drug and Substance Abuse in Kenya, 2012. Nairobi) A follow up study releases in 2017 showed a decline in the number using heroin. Although findings point towards a downward trend on usage, the burden of substance use disorders presents a serious challenge for the country.
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[Audio] PWIDs contribute to 3.8% of all new HIV incidence (MOT Study 2008) Injection-driven epidemics often spread more rapidly than epidemics driven by sexual transmission alone.