ST. HUBERT SEMINARY SCHOOL, KUMASI KSI

[Audio] ST. HUBERT SEMINARY SCHOOL, KUMASI KSI A PRESENTATION ON THE CPU CLOCK By: Group Six 6 Date: 20th December 2025.

[Audio] Group six(6) members Boamah Perez Henry Amankwaah Theodore Kanfiem Eric Bekoe Duke Adu Gyamfi Darko Solomon Boamah Kwabena.

[Audio] We are going to discuss on: What is the CPU clock? What does the CPU clock do? What is clock speed and how is it measured? What does Gigahertz means? What is clock cycle? How does clock speed affect the CPU’s performance? Examples of different clock speeds. Does a higher speed clock means better performance? Explain. We create an analogy of the CPU clock.

[Audio] What is the CPU clock? DEFINITION: The CPU clock Is the part CPU that sends out regular pulses. The CPU clock is an electronic oscillator that sends out precise, rhythmic signals to synchronize the CPU’s operations. Think of it as the heartbeat of your computer, regulating the timing and speed of all computer functions ¹ ² ³. The CPU clock keeps the CPU synchronized and it generates electrical pulses at a specific frequency.

[Audio] What the CPU clock does Sends out regular electrical pulses Keeps all CPU components “in step” with each other Determines how quickly the CPU can process Coordinates timing of all operations Waveform diagram showing clock pulses.

[Audio] What is clock speed AND HOW IT IS MEASURED? DEFINITION: rate at which the CPU clock generates pulses. It is also called clock rate or clock frequency. It determines how the CPU execute instructions Measuring CPU speed is crucial to understanding your computer’s performance. CPU speed, also known as clock speed, is measured in gigahertz (GHz) and represents how many cycles a CPU can execute per second. For instance, a 3.6 GHz CPU can perform 3.6 billion cycles per second. Measuring Clock Speed – GHz – Clock speed is measured in Gigahertz (GHz) – 1 GHz = 1 billion cycles per second Examples: - 2.5 GHz = 2.5 billion cycles per second – 3.8 GHz = 3.8 billion cycles per second – 4.2 GHz = 4.2 billion cycles per second.

[Audio] THE IMPORTANCE OF CLOCK SPEED A higher clock speed generally translates to faster processing, but it’s not the only factor determining performance. Other considerations include ⁴ ⁵: - *CPU Architecture*: The design of the processor determines software compatibility and hardware support. - *Transistors*: Billions of transistors within the processor open and close during each cycle, executing calculations. *EXAMPLE*: A CPU with a clock speed of 3.2 GHz executes 3.2 billion cycles per second. This means it can process instructions at a rate of 3.2 billion per second.

[Audio] Examples of Different Clock Speeds – Low-end processors: 1.5 – 2.5 GHz (basic tasks, budget devices) – Mid-range processors: 2.5 – 3.5 GHz (everyday computing, multitasking) – High-end processors: 3.5 – 5.0 GHz+ (gaming, video editing, professional work) – Table showing processor types and their typical speeds.

[Audio] Does Higher Clock Speed Always Mean Better Performance? – Not always! Other factors matter ,these factors are: Number of cores (multi-core can do more work) Cache size (faster data access) Architecture efficiency (how well designed the CPU is) Type of task (some tasks don’t benefit from higher speed). Example: A 3.0 GHz quad-core may outperform a 4.0 GHz dual-core – Comparison illustration.

[Audio] REAL-LIFE ANALOGIES – Analogy 1: Heartbeat – Just as a heartbeat keeps body systems synchronized, CPU clock keeps CPU components synchronized – Analogy 2: Metronome – Like a metronome keeps musicians in time, CPU clock keeps operations in time..

[Audio] Summary – CPU Clock Timekeeper of the CPU – Generates regular electrical pulses – Clock speed measured in GHz (billions of cycles per second) Higher speed generally means better performance - Works with other factors to determine overall CPU performance.