Online hostility: Insults in Nigerian Facebook Discourse
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Online hostility: Insults in Nigerian Facebook Discourse.
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Online discourse increasingly characterized by hostility Insults often dismissed as emotional outbursts Limited research on insults as structured discourse practices Need for linguistic and ideological analysis.
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Identify and categorise forms of insults in Nigerian Facebook discourse Analyse the pragmatic functions of insults using Speech Act Theory Examine the linguistic features of the discourse Investigate identity construction through insult Explore ideological meanings of insults using Critical Discourse Analysis Assess the broader effects of digital hostility on online discourse.
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Ajayi (2019) examined Facebook political discourse in Nigeria and found impoliteness strategies Nwafor & Odoemelam (2019) studied social media and political participation and observed high levels of emotional and polarized discourse Oso & Ayankojo (2020) analysed poilitical communication on social media and identified strong ideoligical divisions in online interactions.
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Aboh & Odeh (2018) Investigated discourse and identity in Nigerian media and found language reflects ideology and group identity Adegbite (2024) examined verbal aggression in Nigerian social media and identified structured patterns of hostile language Abidoye (2025) Studied discourtesy in online communication and highlighted use of Pidgin and impoliteness strategies.
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Ayeni (2021) examined online hate speech and pragmatic strategies in which he highlighted the role of insults in digital aggression Jibril et al. (2020) explored political engagement on social media where they found high levels of polarization and hostile interaction Ononye (2018) investigated language use in conflict situations where he emphasised the role of pragmatic acts in hostility.
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Combines Speech Act Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis to explore what insults do and what insults mean socially.
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Speech Act Theory Developed by J. L. Austin Language performs actions Key concepts: Locution Illocution Perlocution.
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Critical Discourse Analysis Developed by Norman Fairclough Language reflects power and ideology Focus: Identity Power relations Social inequality.
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Qualitative research design Data source: Facebook comments Sampling: purposive Domains: Politics Religion Football Entertainment Interpersonal exchanges.