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Grassroots Movements Engaged in Shoreline Eco Revitalization (SER) &  Watershed Flow  (FLO H2O) By:  Elizabeth Wirick

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Analysis Applying Framework to Case Studies

Introduction What is Eco- Revitilization    W/ RQ’s  & RO”s

Methodology Selecting environmental protection parameters Select design & Create Framework for Selected Case Studies

Literature Review GA Role \ Followed by Conclusion Lit Review & Case Studies

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This project aims to study how public engagement can drive sustainable local practices and how policymakers should integrate regulations and policies. Furthermore, what are local grassroots organizations doing to preserve aquatic ecosystems and secure the health of water resources?

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Definition:  Eco-Revitalization Watersheds/ Shoreline Defense “ Defined as restoring shorelines, renewing, and cleaning up watersheds, rivers, bays, lakes, and estuaries—essentially, reviving coastal area wildlife and marine ecosystems”    			- Elizabeth Wirick, 2021

Eco- Revitalization Watersheds & Shorelines Benefits: Health and well being- improve water quality, Carbon Storage, Increased Resilience in the face of Climate Change reduce flood mitigation, cost, Increase job Opportunities & Property Values Physical & Mental health –lower rate of illness & stress

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Coastal Communities are experiencing storm surges, which are sea water intrusions & broader flooding  Affecting Aquifers & Drinking water Quality  Respect & guarantee Peoples rights to water, Live in harmony with nature

Definition 1:  Ecuadorian Concept  B uen   V ivir , Roughly  T ranslated as ‘Good  L iving’”

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Figure 10 -11. Securing Eroding Delta Coastlinesttps://panorama.solutions/en/solution/building-nature-safe-prosperous-and-adaptive-coastlines-indonesia

Definition-3:  Local Grassroots Organizations Restoring Watersheds for Sustainability

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Research Question: ​ T o what extent are grassroots organizations involved in coastal eco-revitalization? ​ ​ ​ Research Objectives:  ​ ​ To explore lessons learned from examples of coastal grassroots organizations. A stakeholder engagement strategy should establish the stakeholder's objectives for one vision of the stakeholder's engagement. ​ To study public engagement and sustainable local practices, and how government should incorporate these local practices into regulations and policies.  ​ To examine grassroots organizations’ roles, characteristics, and most effective strategies. ​ To develop a toolkit for grassroots organizations involved in coastal eco revitalization that helps fill critical gaps and grassroots organizations  ​

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According to  Staggenborg ,  “Grassroots organizations having witnessed and participated in dialogue with communities for decades, and grassroots activists lead through education and advocacy”. ( Staggenborg , 2020) The grassroots movement community may become less visible but continues to exist through networks and relationships, individual entrepreneurs, and cultural activities. ( Staggenborg , 2020) “Natural coastal infrastructure- including beaches, dunes, oyster or coral reefs, seagrass beds, and marshes- can reduce wave energy, coastal erosion,  and flood hazards” (Sutton-Grier et al, 2018). “learning and scaling up of local experiments, new global ideas emerge, and existing ones evolve internationally” (Kauffman, 2017, p. 12). Conclusion of Lit Review : Grassroots organizations play an important role in revitalizing coastal          ecosystems however, they need assistance to be most effective. A suggested tool kit should be part of a more comprehensive program. For example:  M onitoring and information-sharing networks to expand & formalize the evidence base and promote a shift toward more integrated and holistic project evaluation.

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Human Centered Design adopting a mindset coupled with Design Thinking, a five-stage non-Linear process. Solving “Wicked Problems” to complex Problems.

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Restoration Hydrology Lock Gate Baysavers , Port St. Joe, Florida

Restoring Healthier Cleaner Water for Everglades & South Florida Coastal Estuaries

Rehabilitation of a Mangrove -Mud Coast  Timbul   Sloko , Indonesia A Pilot Project - Ecoshape  Building with Nature

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Case Study 1:  Baysaver   A  non-political, grassroots organization in Port St. Joe, Florida  Agenda to stop the salt water  &  freshwater tug of war  restore these  watersheds to their preindustrial state &  increase awareness of salinization &  sedimentation problems.

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Proposed Lock site Port St. Joe, Florida Cost – $5,000,000 Proponent - Baysavers Category - Water quality & quantity  Subcategory- Hydraulic restoration  Location type - Specific watershed Apalachicola Chipola County (DWH, 2021).

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Case Study 2: Captains For Clean  Water  501(C) non-profit grassroots organization in Fort Meyers, Florida   A dvocates for restoring healthier and cleaner water in estuaries.  R educe agricultural pollution &  restore flows into the Everglades

Florida lawmakers passed a plan to build a reservoir south of Lake Okeechobee to filter its fertilizer-tainted water before release into the Everglades.

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Progress    Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) Reservoir Project 6,500-acre wetland known as Stormwater Treatment Area (STA)   Major Features:  :   W etland &  Reservoir  Storage Location – South of Lake Okeechobee Construction: South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) & Army Corps of Engineers Construction ahead of schedule 4/2020 Completion: 2023 175 Million Contract

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Case Study 3:   Ecoshape Ecoshape  acts as a coordinating  agency for the Building with Nature community Building with Nature( BwN )  application stops coastal erosion in particular areas setting the example for other communities EcoShape  monitors the results &  is a guideline for replication and scaling up along with collaborating with several other expert parties  Over 20 di fferent  EcoShape  pilot projects that have been conducted

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Rehabilitation of a Mangrove – Mud Coast  Timbul   Sloko , Indonesia A Pilot Project –  EcoShape  Building with Nature Date: 2015-2020 Environment: Tropical Shores Design Team:  Deltares  and Wageningen Marine    responsible for the design &  monitoring of  BwN  interventions Involved Parties:  Wetlands International, Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs & Fisheries,  Indonesian ministry of public works and housing.

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Objectives/Research Questions Hypotheses to be tested What makes Grassroots Success rate? Why are some successful and other are not? 1. Grass roots movements are instrumental in changing policy decisions  2. Grass roots movements share knowledge about building with nature and hydraulic engineering benefit economy, society, and environment 3. Use same organizational principle & practices that past organizations have adopted, and reorganize to adapt to modern day How to engage key stakeholders    Seek key stakeholders’ engagement, increasing trust, and develop relationships will reduce uncertainty, minimizing uncertainty.  	  	     2. Show stakeholders the success in the content of the project manages throughout the project, map out the big picture show them where priorities fall 3. Exercise empathy & compromise

Table 4-1 P URPOSE OF INQUIRY SAMPLING,  OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESES TO BE TESTED

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Objectives/Research Questions/Hypothesis Major Concepts Indicators Variables Unit of Measurement Examine grass roots organizations and their role as a movement, characteristics, most effective strategies to be used. Who are the key stakeholders and audiences critical to your program success?  Social Action Community organizing What can I change, what can I observe Measure the movement, advance, and adapt accordingly  Empowerment Compare, Consultation programs, self-advocacy Money, Education Partnerships Sharing a common purpose Survey and evaluate current & important issues organization stake Locality development Community level indicators Location, Region,  Get perspectives internal & external goals around key stakeholders what is working, what is not? How have they changed over time? Natural disaster, Master Planning,  improvement in watershed Green Infrastructure, Hybrid, and grey Infrastructure  Number of case studies To make use of Green Infrastructure in coastal communities               Green Spaces     Green Infrastructure                 Coastal Resilience Urban Sprawl                 Demographics in Wealth     Proximity             Spatial landscape metrics represent the spatial distribution in pattern within a landscape   Measuring Health & Well-being

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GRASSROOTS ORGANIZATIONS Problems & Needs & Threats Increase members Money for press release  circulation, connections with governor  DeSantis,  Data collection for weekly flow measurements formulate for instance # of gallons of water from the Apalachicola Bay    Opportunities Strengths Ask  Join on social media contribute online with the donate button on the website. volunteers Ex. boat to do field work for data flow data collection, with data collection an aid in scheduling, get involved continuously to update the website    Strengths     Easy access on Website Maps & Illustration keeping everyone in the loop   Weaknesses   need more members and volunteers, lack of marketing digital. Seems to be a lack of partnerships for instance capacity building connecting   seek out voices not in the room have police your support and email respect to members of Congress Ex. Special interest groups (Lake Okeechobee water supply) Website has made it easy to send a prewritten email to Congress and it only takes about a minute this will influence the outcome.  Engage all ages, go where the people are. Expand engagement team.   Captains banded together to get the word out. Connected all over the states. Partnering with other organizations   getting signatures, emails to  voice your support and email respective members of Congress Cost & maintenance functional life cycle alternative solutions financial perspective uncertainty related to external factors ex. climate change difficult to predict & ecosystem relation is not well understood  NGOs they collaborate with public parties’ universities on each pilot project monitors the results and is a guideline for replication and scaling up  utilized costing is insufficiently included in the design process Establish new training programs & sharing knowledge with others Funding to help support villager’s maintenance of preamble structures & Mangroves There are still limits one.  Awareness of the adaptation, mitigation political, and other benefits are still limited. Based on the data, graphs

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Table 4-3   SWOT Analysis- Grassroots Engagement Toolkit for Florida H2O

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CHAPTER 4: CASE STUDY ANALYSIS  Community based initiatives focused on coastal eco revitalization vitalization is great,  grassroots organizations have significant hurdles overcome to design launch and maintain successful programs. community engagement delivering peer  work and shared decision making through the process is difficult several strategies for project success have been discussed in the lit review partnering with companies that specialize in optimizing grassroots operation is also a viable option  based on my research a toolkit for grassroots organizations involved in coastal eco revitalization should include several tools to help fill the gaps in grassroots organizations  some of those that are included are building with nature  five step framework,  IAP2 chart plus enablers approach.

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Resilience index by the Rockefeller foundation  Spectrum of participation matrix by IAP2  Three subsystems

Five step approach  Ecoshape  building with nature  Enablers interlinked approach building with nature  Adaptive execution cycle  Ecoshape  building with nature

Six Design Steps for a Contextual Framework

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CHAPTER 5 :  ENGAGE COMMUNITY & CONSUMERS TO HAVE AN  ORGANIZED VOICE

Organizations need to Be ready for change now to achieve its mission over the long term— The mission and that the organization’s mission holds the key to guiding that change. Understand multi faceted contexts & issues

Baysavers Organizational strategies to strengthen grass roots dimensions  One approach is to build your internal grassroots organizing capacity.  The other approach is to partner with an organization that specializes in grassroots organizing

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Who would you ask for directions? Get Know a local, Who better to know the local area

Marketing, digital transformation Engage in smarter ways to convert our target audiences

Coastal field schools training local inhabitants for self supportiveness can be implemented by public & private parties

For Example, Eco shape-Bio-Rights Incentive Mechanism for Community Engagements

Management approach monitors & evaluates changes through a feedback loop

Capacity building Connecting, replication in upscaling embedding in policies in planning

Information retrieved from: https://www.ecoshape.org/en/tools/visualising-and-managing-uncertainties/about/ https://marktercek.medium.com/state-of-the-nature-conservancy-bd541f2c3aee

Figure 8 photo by article : What ‘s in your leadership toolbox

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Building with nature to create nature-based solutions in hydraulic engineering, Ecosystem services and benefits of wetlands  nature based solutions as an attractive alternative institutions and financial playing field in a flood protection and port development invest gap in coastal protection and natural capital  Tackling investment barriers & nature-based solutions  advocates as catalyst of transition

https://www.ecoshape.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/S20.0022-Whitepaper-paving-the-road-def.pdf

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Than k You! “There must be progress, certainly. But we must ask ourselves what kind of progress we want, and what price we want to pay for it. If, in the name of progress, we want to destroy everything beautiful in our world, and contaminate the air we breathe, and the water we drink, then we are in trouble.” - Marjory Stoneman Douglas

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REFERENCES   EcoShape . (2020b, October 15). Rehabilitation of a mangrove-mud coast in  Timbul   Sloko .   https://www.ecoshape.org/en/cases/rehabilitation-of-a-mangrove-mud-coast-in-timbul-sloko-java-indonesia/ Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia. (2014).   Facts & figures. https://www.embassyofindonesia.org/index.php/basic-facts/# Foster, C., &  Whitesides , A. (2020).  Human-centered design for climate control . Lecture presented at Human-Centered Design for Climate Control. Ilman , M.,  Dargusch , P., Dart, P., &  Onrizal . (2016). A historical analysis of the drivers of loss and degradation of Indonesia’s mangroves.  Land Use Policy ,  54 , 448–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.03.010 International Association for Public Participation. (2017).  Spectrum of public participation .  https://iap2usa.org/resources/Documents/ Core%20Values%20Awards/IAP2%20-%20Spectrum%20-%20stand%20alone%20document.pdf Kauffman, C. M. (2017).  Grassroots global governance: Local watershed management experiments and the evolution of sustainable development . Oxford University Press. Lee, H.,  Unterstell , N.,  Theel , S., & De Neve, P. (2017, February 12).  Miami-Dade County and sea level rise . Harvard Business School. https://hbsp.harvard.edu/product/KS1212-PDF-ENG Nature, B. W. (2020, December 21).  Five steps approach .  https://www.ecoshape.org/en/the-building-with-nature-philosophy/five-basic-steps-for-generating-building-with-nature-designs/ Otto, E. (2020, April 6).  Grassroots efforts to effect change: Some crucial but often overlooked points.   https://www.alliancemagazine.org/blog/grassroots-efforts-effect-change-crucial-often-overlooked-points/

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Staggenborg , S. (2020).  Grassroots environmentalism . Cambridge University Press. Sutton-Grier, A.,  Gittman , R., Arkema, K., Bennett, R., Benoit, J.,  Blitch , S., Burks-Copes, K., Colden, A.,  Dausman , A., DeAngelis, B., Hughes, A.,  Scyphers , S., & Grabowski, J. (2018). Investing in Natural and Nature-Based Infrastructure: Building Better Along Our Coasts.  Sustainability, 10 (2), 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020523. United Nations. (2019).   World population prospects. (2019).  https://population.un.org/wpp/ Wetlands International. (2021, January 4). Building with Nature  programme  in Indonesia wins international Flood & Coast Excellence award.  https://www.wetlands.org/news/building-with-nature-programme-in-indonesia-wins-international-flood-coast-excellence-award/ Wilms, T., & Vander  Goot , F. (2017). Coast and Ports. In  Building with Nature—An  	integrated approach for coastal zone solutions using natural, socio-economic and 	institutional processes.  Wageningen University & Research Publications. World Population Prospects  –  Population Division  –  United Nations . (2019). World Population Prospects 2019. https://population.un.org/wpp Yavorski , K. (2019, March 2). The definition of abiotic and biotic factors.  https://sciencing.com/definition-abiotic-biotic-factors-8259629.html