[Virtual Presenter] The Himalayas, one of the most awe-inspiring mountain ranges in the world, stretches across several countries in Asia. Let's explore this incredible natural wonder together.. 

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[Audio] The Himalayas are a mountain range that stretches across several countries. They were formed by the movement of tectonic plates, which pushed the Indian plate into the Eurasian plate, causing the Earth's crust to buckle and create mountains. This process occurred millions of years ago, resulting in the formation of the Himalayas. The range is characterized by its towering peaks, deep valleys, and glaciers. Many rivers flow through the Himalayas, including the Ganges and Brahmaputra, which provide water and support agriculture in the surrounding regions.. 

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locate the countries the Himalayas are on a map. describe the formation and features of the Himalayas. explain how people and animals adapt to life in the Himalayas.

[Audio] The Himalayas are a tall mountain range in Asia, known for their snowy peaks. They were formed through the process of fold mountains, where the Earth's crust pushed together and rose. This resulted in the creation of some of the most impressive mountain landscapes in the world. One notable feature of the Himalayas is Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world, which is also part of this range. Farmers have adapted to the terrain by creating terraces, steps cut into hillsides, to cultivate crops. Yaks, hairy animals, are used for carrying loads and providing milk and wool. Rivers originate in the Himalayas and flow down to other areas, sometimes causing flooding when there is too much water. To survive in these environments, plants and animals have developed adaptations, such as adjusting to changing weather conditions and finding ways to cope with the harsh climate.. 

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Himalayas: A tall mountain range in Asia with snowy peaks. Fold Mountains: Mountains formed when Earth's crust pushes together and rises. Mount Everest: The highest mountain in the world, part of the Himalayas. Terraces: Steps cut into hills for farming. Yaks: Hairy animals used for carrying loads and providing milk and wool. Rivers: Large flowing water bodies starting in mountains. Flooding: When too much water overflows land. Adaptation: Adjusting to survive in a place or environment.

[Audio] The Himalayas are one of the most iconic mountain ranges in the world. They stretch across several countries including India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Pakistan. It stands tall at over 8,800 meters above sea level. From lush forests to snow-capped peaks, the Himalayas offer breathtaking scenery. But they're more than just a pretty view. The Himalayas play a crucial role in regulating the global climate and providing a habitat for countless species of plants and animals.. 

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Starter Activity: Activity: "Guess the Mountain Range!“

Show images of famous mountain ranges (e.g., Andes, Alps, Himalayas). Ask pupils to guess which image shows the Himalayas.     Question: "Which is the highest mountain in the world?" (Answer: Mount Everest).

[Audio] The Himalayas stretch 25000 kilometers across Asia, spanning five countries: Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. This vast mountain range is home to Mount Everest, the tallest mountain in the world, whose jagged peaks are covered with ice and snow.. 

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The Himalayas stretch 25,000 kilometres across Asia. Located in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. Home to Mount Everest, the tallest mountain in the world. Jagged peaks, covered with ice and snow. Image Suggestion: A labelled map showing the countries and the Himalayan arc.

What might happen if all the forests on the lower slopes of the Himalayas were removed?

[Audio] The Himalayas were formed 38 million years ago through the process of young fold mountain formation. This geological event resulted in the creation of jagged peaks and snowy tops. At high altitudes, the air is thin, making it difficult for humans to breathe without the aid of oxygen. Climbers use oxygen tanks to help them reach the summit. On the lower slopes, farmers develop innovative techniques such as terracing to cultivate crops. This method allows them to grow food despite the challenging terrain. Yaks have also adapted to the environment, providing milk, wool, and transportation for local communities.. 

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Young fold mountains formed 38 million years ago. Features: Jagged peaks, snowy tops, thin air at high altitudes. People use oxygen to climb high areas. Farmers use terraced farming on lower slopes. Image Suggestion: A diagram showing fold mountain formation. Notes: Highlight how farmers and yaks adapt to the climate and terrain.

Why are yaks particularly useful in the Himalayas?

[Audio] The Himalayas' lower slopes have a milder climate compared to their upper slopes. This is because they receive more sunlight and rainfall, making the soil fertile and well-drained. This allows for a variety of crops to be grown, providing food for local communities.. 

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The lower slopes of the Himalayas have a milder climate than upper slopes and the soil is fertile and well drained.

How do terrace farming techniques benefit Himalayan farmers?

[Audio] The Himalayas are home to many valuable minerals and gemstones. Iron ore and coal can also be found here. These natural resources are important because they provide materials for construction, energy production, and other industries.. 

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The mountains contain valuable minerals and gemstones , as well as iron ore and coal.

What is the main reason it is difficult to mine minerals in the Himalayas?

Forest and Flooding. [image]. Akachukwu and Fatima Read on this heading. 

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Akachukwu and Fatima Read on this heading

[Audio] The towering peaks of the Himalayas rose above me, their rugged faces glistening with dew. The crisp and clean air was filled with the scent of pine trees and the distant rumble of glaciers. Vibrant flowers and lush greenery surrounded me, while the sound of birds chirping and the gentle rustling of leaves created a soothing melody. As I took a deep breath, I felt invigorated by the fresh mountain air.. 

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menu list -  Answer Question 1 or 2
 1. Imagine you have been transported to the Himalayas for the day. Write a short paragraph describing what you see ,feel and hear.
 2. What are the difficulties of living in a mountainous area like the Himalayas? Write a short paragraph describing your ideas.

[Audio] The Himalayas are home to many incredible mountains, including the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest. We can find this majestic mountain range in Nepal. Yaks play a vital role in the lives of people living in the Himalayas. They provide milk, wool, and transportation, making them an essential part of the local economy.. 

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"Himalayan Quiz Time!" Question 1: What is the highest mountain in the Himalayas? Question 2: Name one country where the Himalayas are located. Question 3: Why are yaks important to people in the Himalayas?


Topic: Mountains



The Himalayas are a massive chain of mountains that span across multiple countries. They were created by the shifting of tectonic plates, specifically the Indian plate colliding with the Eurasian plate and causing the Earth's surface to fold and form mountains. This process took place millions of years ago, leading to the development of the Himalayas. The range is known for its majestic peaks, vast valleys, and expansive glaciers. Numerous rivers run through the Himalayas, including the Ganges and Brahmaputra, which are essential sources of water for the neighboring areas and play a crucial role in agriculture.

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The Himalayas are a well known mountain range in Asia with towering peaks covered in snow. They were formed as a result of the process of fold mountains, where the Earth's crust was pushed together and lifted upwards. This gave rise to some of the most impressive mountain landscapes in the world. One remarkable feature of the Himalayas is Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world, which is also a part of this range. Local farmers have adapted to the challenging terrain by creating terraces, which are steps cut into the sides of hills to cultivate crops. Yaks, which are hairy animals, are used for carrying heavy loads and providing milk and wool in this region. The Himalayas are also the source of several rivers that flow down to other areas, sometimes causing floods when there is excess water. To survive in this extreme environment, plants and animals have developed adaptations, such as being able to adjust to changing weather conditions and finding ways to endure the harsh climate.


The Himalayas are one of the most famous mountain ranges in the world. They span across multiple countries, including India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Pakistan. They reach a height of over 8800 meters above sea level. From dense forests to snow covered summits, the Himalayas offer stunning landscapes. However, they are not just a beautiful sight. The Himalayas also play a vital role in controlling the worldwide climate and providing a home for numerous species of plants and animals.


The Himalayas span 25000 kilometers across Asia and cover five countries: Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. This enormous mountain range is where Mount Everest, the tallest mountain in the world, is located. Its sharp summit is covered in ice and snow.


The Himalayas were created 38 million years ago through the formation of young fold mountains. This geological phenomenon led to the formation of sharp peaks and snow capped summits. Due to the high altitudes, the air is thin, making it hard for humans to breathe without the assistance of oxygen. Climbers use oxygen tanks to aid them in reaching the summit. On the lower slopes, farmers have developed innovative methods, such as terracing, to grow crops despite the difficult terrain. This technique allows them to produce food in this challenging environment. Yaks have also adapted to this environment and play a crucial role in the local communities by providing milk, wool, and transportation.


The lower slopes of the Himalayas have a less harsh climate in comparison to their upper slopes. This is due to the fact that they receive more sunlight and rainfall, resulting in fertile and well drained soil. As a result, a variety of crops can be cultivated, providing sustenance for nearby communities.


The Himalayas are home to a variety of precious minerals and gemstones. Iron ore and coal can also be found in this area. These natural resources are significant as they serve as materials for construction, energy production, and other industries.


I stood beneath the majestic Himalayan peaks, their rough surfaces shining with dew. The cold and pure air carried the fragrance of pine trees and the distant sound of glaciers moving. I was encompassed by vibrant flowers and thriving greenery, while the music of chirping birds and rustling leaves offered a calming tune. With a deep inhale, I was revitalized by the crisp mountain air.


The Himalayas are a sanctuary for numerous awe inspiring mountains, among them the world's tallest peak, Mount Everest. This majestic range is located in Nepal. Yaks play a crucial role in the livelihoods of those residing in the Himalayas, as they supply milk, wool, and serve as a means of transportation, making them an indispensable part of the regional economy.