ART INTEGRATED PROJECT

Submitted by- Elouise Rose Hmar Class- XII (science) Roll no- 13 Topic – Drought Area Planning.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. I feel highly privileged and honoured in making the project report on Drought Area Planning I express my sincere gratitude to my teachers, parents and all our friends for their kind cooperation. My special thanks to our teacher for their continuous support and mentorship. I would also like to thank PrincipalFR . BENOY JOSEPH for his encouraging attitude towards us. I look forward to receive valuable suggestions from teachers, friends and viewers too..

PREFACE. I am presenting a project on the topic Drought Prone Area Planning, Rajasthan . I’ve tried to give all the important points regarding this topic . I am thankful to everyone who all supported me to complete this project. Precautions are taken to prevent mistakes. Overall some mistakes maybe possible..

Drought, one of the most pervasive climatic phenomenon in India, is caused by a number of factors. There are four major reasons for drought in India- delay in the onset of monsoon/ failure of monsoon, variability of monsoon rainfall, long break in monsoon and areal difference in the persistence of monsoon. Drought in India has resulted in tens of millions of deaths over the 18 th , 19 th , and 20 th centuries. Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on the country’s climate: a favorable monsoon is critical to securing water for irrigating India’s crops. In parts of India, failure of the monsoons causes water shortages, resulting in poor yields. This is particularly true of major drought-prone regions southeastern Maharashtra, northern Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Gujarat, Telangana, and Rajasthan..

TABLE OF CONTENTS. MERCURY. VENUS. Regions Drought Prone Area in India Causes of Drought in Rajasthan.

Out of the total geographical area of India, almost one-sixth area with 12% of the population is drought-prone; the areas that receive an annual rainfall up to 60 cm are the most prone. Most of the drought-prone areas are found in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid regions of the country. Broadly, the areas in India can be divided into two tracts, the first tract comprising the desert and the semi-arid regions covers an area of 0.6 million sq km. It is rectangle-shaped area whose one side extends from Ahmedabad to Kanpur and the other from Kanpur to Jullundur. In this region, rainfall is less than 750 mm and at some places, it is even less than 400 mm. The second tract comprises the dry region lying in the leeward side of the Western Ghats up to a distance of about 300 km from the coast. It is known as the rain shadow area of the Western Ghats; rainfall in this region is less than 750 mm and is highly erratic. Outside these two main regions, there are isolated pockets which experience frequent droughts and are termed as drought-prone areas. They are Coimbatore and Nellai Kottabomman districts in Tamil Nadu, Saurashtra and Kachchh regions, Janshi , Lalitpur region, Mirzapur plateau, Kalahandi region, Odisha, Purulia district of Bengal..

Rajasthan is one of the most chronically drought-prone areas in India. Since it also has a poor resource endowment, people of the region developed through centuries of learning, many ingenious ways to cope with drought. With modernization, especially after the independence, new opportunities driven by the progress made in research and development, democratic values and social justice, as well as improvements in infrastructural facilities, have triggered a gradual loss of traditional values and systems, including traditional drought coping mechanism. However, government interventions through a number of relief measures, including supply of drinking water, subsidies on food and fodder resources, organising cattle camps, wage employment to needy people, food for work programme , nutrition and health improvement programme , etc., help people to withstand the impact of drought. The measures are short-term contingency plans, and do not necessarily lead to any long-term strategies for coping with future droughts..

Rajasthan Gujarat Maharashtra Madhya Pradesh Orissa Andhra Pradesh.

CAUSES OF DROUGHT IN RAJASTHAN. Drought in the Indian subcontinent are mainly due to the failure of rainfall from south west monsoon. The root cause for failure of monsoon rainfall is cued to the widespread, persistent atmospheric, subsidence, which results from the general circulation of the atmosphere. Availability of water is less due to the absence of rivers and lakes..

VARIOUS PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES TO REMOVE DROUGHT IN RAJASTHAN.

Importance of Indira Gandhi canal. The INDIRA GANDHI canal was scheduled to be completed by 1971. The stage could not be completed in time due to severe financial constraints, neglect and corruption. In the year of 1970, the plan was revised and it was decided that the entire canal will be lined with concrete tiles. The canal is very important as it provides life to the desert regions of Rajasthan. The Indira Gandhi canal has provided great opportunities to the farmers for increasing their source of income and developing the economic growth of both states, Rajasthan and Punjab. Harike barrage is the main portion of the canal where a huge amount of cusec water has been stored in this barrage. Different kinds of drinking companies have grown up in this place where they use this water for making their products. The Indira Gandhi canal has provided huge benefits to the Rajasthan regions to their drinking water crisis..

Objectives of Indira Gandhi canal. The Indira Gandhi Canal was built to support irrigation in the Thar Desert region of Rajasthan, India’s westernmost state. To provide water for drinking and industrial use To provide fodder, and other necessities for the region’s animals wealth Improving living conditions and drought proofing the area..

Droughts are a natural disaster that nobody can stop from coming, but we can prepare for the effects of this natural disaster to make it less difficult. There are many human and natural system impacts that this force of nature costs that we should be aware of. There could be a drought happening at this very moment of time, or there could be one heading our way right now which is why awareness is important..

BIBILOGRAPY. https://en.m.wikipedia https://www.vedantu.com http://117.252.14.242/rbis/India_Information/draught.htm https://prepp.in/news/e-492 Class XII Geography Book (India , People and Economy).