PRESENTATION

PRESENTATION. Name: Mubeen Mustafa Roll no: BASF19M14 Submitted to: MAM ATTIYA TOPIC: CASE STUDIES ABOUT LETHAL SEMI LETHAL & GENETIC ABNORMALITIES IN FARM ANIMALS.

INTRODUCTION. Genetic disease is an illness caused by abnormalities in genes or chromosomes, which are quite rare. A genetic disease may or may not be heritable disease as some genetic disorders are passed down from the parent’s genes. The most common inheritance disease is as a simple recessive trait..

GENETIC DISEASES OF CATTLE AND BUFFALO. CHONDRODYPLASIA Chondrodyplasia is a congenital anomaly related to defects of the genes that control the chondrogenesis . Main feature is reduced length of bones with an endochondral growth pattern. Sometime death of fetus and abortion may result..

COMPLEX VERTEBRAL MALFORMATION. CVM is a lethal malformation syndrome, observed in late term aborted fetuses and perinatal calves. Characterized by growth retardation and bilateral flexure of the carpal and metacarpophalangeal joints along with rotation 0f digits..

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA [OI]. OI is a congenital collagenopathy of type 1 collagen which is the most abundant and ubiquitous collagen which constitutes an important component of bonnes , tendond , ligament, skin and teeth in mammals..

OSTEOPETROSIS [MARBLE BONE]. It is a fatal autosomal recessive genetic defect in which calves are born 10-30 days early. They show head abnormalities that consist of brachygnathia inferior , impacted morals and a protruding tongue. The long bones are shorter along with marrow cavities filled with unabsorbed bone, but are very fragile and can be broken easily..

SYNDACTYLISM. Syndactylism Also known as mule foot, characterized by malformation of distal parts of one or more limbs by complete or partial fusion or non division of the functional digits..

EPITHELIOGENESIS IMPERFECTA[EI]. EI is an inborn malformation characterized by localized agenesia of the skin Characterized by lack of skin on distal parts of the limbs , deformed ears due to auricular epithelial defects, defects in the integument of muzzle, and a defective oral epithelium..

GENETIC DISEASE OF SHEEP. ANURY The tail-less condition in lambs is attributed to an autosomal dominant gene. In heterozygous state, causes variable hypoplasia or aplasia of the coccygeal vertebrae, and that in homozygous state, causes death..

ALBINISM. Albinism , a metabolic disorder seen occasionally in various mammalian species, has also been described in sheep. This condition in sheep is inherited as a simple autosomal recessive trait. The affected lambs exhibit pure white coat , pink eyes , and impaired vision in bright light . These lambs show no trace of pigment in hooves, horns, or skin..

BENT-LIMB DISEASE [SPIDER LAMB SICKNESS]. Bent-limb disease, also known as ‘’hereditary muscle contracture’’. In the affected lambs , the forelimbs are often bent with rigid joints, and most cases also exhibit wry-neck leading to dystocia..

CEREBELLAR CORTICAL ATROPHY. ‘’Daft lamb disease’’ [DLD] . Is a congenital defect characterized by the inability of the lamb to stand or walk normally. Lambs also show variable locomotor abnormalities and a characteristic backward arching of the neck..

DERMATOSPARAXIS. Dermatosparaxis characterized by excessive fragility of the skin in the different breeds of sheep. Other organs of the affected animals are also extremely fragile, the skin is easily torn by the hands, and severe lacerations result from slight scratches that would cause only minor damage to normal lambs..

OTHER DISEASES. 1.Cataract 2.Entropion 3.Glomerulonephritis 4.Muscular dystrophy 5.Scrapie 6.Epidermolysis bullosa.

Genetic disorders of goat. Achondroplasia Achondroplasia [dwarfism] is known to occur in different breeds of goats. Developmental problems of cartilages and bones resulting in dwarfism can occur through functional disorders of the pituitary or thyroid gland..

AFIBRINOGENEMIA. Congenital afibrinogenemia characterized by severe hemorrhagic diathesis with joint bleeding occurs in goats. In affected goats, bleeding time is prolonged, the platelet adhesiveness on passage through the glass filter is diminished, and the blood samples are uncoagulable ..

Anotia and microtia .. In goats , ear length is inherited as an incompletely dominant trait . The ear lobes of the heterozygotes are 30% of the normal length, whereas the homozygotes show virtually no external ear except a stub measuring less than 2cm. The earless sheep are known to be deaf, although no gross alternation is detected in the inner ear..

Gynecomastia. Gynecomastia has been observed in different breeds of goats. The bucks are normal at birth , exhibit normal libido , and sire kids before they begin to show gynecomastia and spontaneous lactation [ milking buck syndrome]..

BETA-MANNOSIDOSIS. Beta- mannosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease of goat characterized by a deficiency of the glucohydrolase-mannosidase . Clinical evidence of severe neurologic disturbace that becomes progressively worse with age..

UDDER PROBLEM. Hanging or sac-like conformation of the udder with a meaty texture and a lateral deviation of the teats occurs in varios breeds of goats. Absence of the teat orifice or the teat canal and the presence of supernumerary teats [ polythelia ] are also relatively common anomalies in goats...

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