Name: CHEMISTRY ART INTEGRATED ACTIVITY
Uploaded: 2025-07-01
Duration: 2 min 28 s
Description: CHEMISTRY ART INTEGRATED ACTIVITY. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION OF PETROLEUM.

CHEMISTRY ART INTEGRATED ACTIVITY. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION OF PETROLEUM. 

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FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION OF PETROLEUM. < 2SOC - 60 oc 60 -180 oc 180 - 220 OC 220 - 250 OC CRUDE OIL 250 - 300 OC 300 - 3SO OC 3SO OC FURNACE petroleum gas Petrol (Gasoline) Naphta Diesel Fuel Oil Lubricating Oil Bitumen. 

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< 2SOC
- 60 oc
60 -180 oc
180 - 220 OC
220 - 250 OC
CRUDE OIL
250 - 300 OC
300 - 3SO OC
3SO OC
FURNACE
petroleum gas
Petrol (Gasoline)
Naphta
Diesel
Fuel Oil
Lubricating Oil
Bitumen

Fractional distillation of petroleum is a separation process that utilizes differences in boiling points to divide crude oil into various useful fractions. This process is crucial for obtaining a range of products like gasoline, kerosene, and diesel from a single crude oil source.

Process of fractional distillation of petroleum. Fractional Distillation. 

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Process of fractional distillation of petroleum

Crude oil is added to the chamber and is heated with high-pressure steam. The mixture starts boiling and vapour is formed. At this point, various substances enter into the vapour phase. The vapour rises up in the fractional distillation column which consists of several plates.

FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
Thermometer
Water out
Water in
Fractionating
column
condense(
Burner

PRINCIPLE of fractional distillation of petroleum. 

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PRINCIPLE of fractional distillation of petroleum

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize.

INDUSTRIAL distillation of petroleum. Fractional Distillation. 

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Fractional distillation is one of the popular separation techniques used in several industries. While the principle behind the process remains the same, the distillation is carried out on a larger scale. Usually, huge vertical cylindrical columns are known as “distillation columns” or “distillation or fractionation towers” are used. These industrial towers use reflux which ensures complete separation of the mixtures.

INDUSTRIAL DISTILLATION
Condenser
Kettle reboikl
Bottoms
liquid
Offgas
Reflux drum
Pump
Overhead
product
Steam to and from
reboiler tube bundle
Bottoms product

Applications of Fractional Distillation. Fractional Distillation. 

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Fractional distillation is used for the purification of water as well as for separating ethanol and water.  Fractional distillation is used in several industries like oil refineries and chemical plants mainly for purification and separation of many organic compounds.  Fractional distillation is also used for the separation of (liquefied) air. Components like liquid nitrogen and oxygen as well as concentrated argon are obtained.  Distillation is used in the production of high-purity silicon from chlorosilanes. The silicon is widely used in semiconductors.

CHEMISTRY ART INTEGRATED ACTIVITY

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