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After this lesson,  learners  will be able to: describe why cells in the body undergo mitosis list the steps of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase briefly describe what takes place in each phase Analyze the phases of mitosis according to their main events Distinguish between plant and animal mitosis

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Mitosis  is a type of cell division where one cell divides to form two cells which are genetically identical to each other and the parent cell.

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There are two types of cell division, mitosis and meiosis. In  mitosis  a mother cell undergoes division to form two identical daughter cells. There is no change in the chromosome number. This usually takes place to form new somatic/body cells. In meiosis a mother cell undergoes division to form four dissimilar daughter cells that have half the chromosomes number as mother cells. This usually takes place to form gametes. For now we only focus on mitosis.

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The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication.

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The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature multicellular organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed.

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Chromosomes form the chromatin network inside the nucleus of all cells. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein. DNA contains the genetic code for controlling the appearance and functions of thousands of parts. For example, it has coded information for your eye color or how certain enzymes or hormones in your body are going to function

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No two individuals have the same DNA (except for identical twins), although parts of their DNA may be similar to their parents and grandparent. A small part of DNA molecule that controls or carries the genetic code for one or more characteristics or functions is referred to as a  gene.

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Most plants and animals undergo sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction results in the formation of a single cell, the  zygote.

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Some protists such as the unicellular Amoeba reproduce by simply dividing into two cells. This type of asexual reproduction is called binary fission (‘bi’ means two and ‘fission’ means splitting up). Asexual reproduction by spores in fungi, mosses and ferns and vegetative reproduction in plants is also by means of cell division. The type of cell division that takes place during binary fission, spore production and vegetative reproduction is also mitosis.

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ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL In prophase, the centrosome forms the spindle  fibres In prophase, the cytoplasm forms the spindle   fibres In telophase, cytokinesis  occurs by a constriction of cell membrane until two new cells are formed In telophase, cytokinesis occurs by the laying down of a new cell wall in the equatorial region of the cell.

HOW MITOSIS IN ANIMALS CELLS DIFFER FROM THAT IN PLANT CELLS

CELL DIVISION:

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