Media

M e d i a. E v o l u t i o n o f. S u b m i tt e d b y : K r i s J a n M e l v i n D . Y u.

W h a t w e ' ll d i s c u ss. P r e - I n d u s t r i a l A g e I n d u s t r i a l A g e E l e c t r o n i c A g e E v o l u t i o n o f N e w M e d i a.

"Pre-Industrial Society". Pre-industrial society refers to social attributes and forms of political and cultural organization that were prevalent before the advent of the Industrial Revolution, which occurred from 1750 to 1850. Pre-industrial refers to a time before there were machines and tools to help perform tasks en masse..

T y p e s o f E q u i p m e n t u s e d i n t h e f o ll o w i n g s l i d e s ..

C a v e P a i n t i n g s. C a v e a r t , g e n e r a ll y , t h e n u m e r o u s p a i n t i n g s a n d engravings found in caves and shelters dating back to t h e I c e A g e ( U pp e r P a l e o l i t h i c ) , r o u g h l y b e t w ee n 4 0 , 00 0 a n d 1 4 , 00 0 y e a r s a g o . The first painted cave acknowledged as being P a l e o l i t h i c , m e a n i n g f r o m t h e S t o n e A g e , w a s Altamira in Spain . The art discovered there was d ee m e d b y e x p e r t s t o b e t h e w o r k o f m o d e r n h u m a n s ( H o m o s a p i e n s ) ..

C l a y T a b l e t s i n M e s o p o t a m i a. The tablets are written in two ancient languages, Sumerian and Akkadian, using a script called cuneiform. Cuneiform is the earliest writing system in the world and was made by impressing triangular- s h a p e d w e d g e s i n t o w e t c l a y t a b l e t s . T h e y o ff e r a fascinating glimpse into the daily lives of people who l i v e d t h o u s a n d s o f y e a r s a g o ..

P a p y r u s I n E g y p t. The ancient Egyptians used the stem of the p a p y r u s p l a n t t o m a k e s a i l s , c l o t h , m a t s , c o r d s , and, above all, paper. Paper made from papyrus was the chief writing m a t e r i a l i n a n c i e n t E g y p t , w a s a d o p t e d b y t h e G r ee k s , and was used extensively in the Roman Empire..

Dibao in China. Dibao (ti-pao), sometimes called headmen or constables, were local officials in Qing and early Republican China, typically selected from among the prominent landowners. W o r k i n g i n c o mm u n i t i e s o f a r o u n d 1 0 0 h o u s e h o l d s , t h e y were charged with overseeing boundaries and land disputes.

C o d e x i n t h e M a y a n Region. M a y a c o d i c e s ( s i n g u l a r c o d e x ) a r e f o l d i n g b oo k s w r i tt e n b y t h e p r e - C o l u m b i a n M a y a c i v i l i z a t i o n i n M a y a h i e r o g l y p h i c s c r i p t o n M e s o a m e r i c a n b a r k p a p e r . The folding books are the products of professional scribes working under the patronage of deities such as the T o n s u r e d M a i z e G o d a n d t h e H o w l e r M o n k e y G o d s ..

P r i n t i n g p r e ss u s i n g w oo d b l o c k s ( 22 0 A D ).

A c t a D i u r n a i n R o m e. (130 BC) A c t a D i u r n a w e r e d a i l y R o m a n o ff i c i a l n o t i c e s , a s o r t o f d a i l y g a z e tt e . T h e y w e r e c a r v e d o n s t o n e o r m e t a l a n d p r e s e n t e d i n m e ss a g e b o a r d s i n p u b l i c p l a c e s l i k e t h e F o r u m o f R o m e . T h e y w e r e a l s o c a ll e d s i m p l y A c t a ..

"Industrial Society". I n s o c i o l o g y , a n i n d u s t r i a l s o c i e t y i s a s o c i e t y d r i v e n b y t h e u s e o f t e c hn o l o g y a n d m a c h i n e r y t o e n a b l e m a s s p r o d u c t i o n , s u pp o r t i n g a l a r g e p o p u l a t i o n w i t h a h i g h c a p a c i t y f o r d i v i s i o n o f l a b o r ..

Industrial Age (1760-1840). M e d i a i n c l u d e d s t o n e , s h e ll , c l a y , m e t a l , papyrus, cloth, paper. Until recently, good p e n m a n s h i p w a s c o n s i d e r e d a n i m p o r t a n t i n d i c a t o r o f l i t e r a c y . People use power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production and the m a n u f a c t u r i n g o f v a r i o u s p r o d u c t s ..

T y p e w r i t e r ( 1 8 6 7 ). The first commercial typewriters were introduced in 1 8 7 4 , b u t d i d n o t b e c o m e c o mm o n i n o ff i c e s u n t i l a f t e r t h e m i d - 1 88 0 s . The typewriter quickly became an indispensable tool for practically all writing other than personal handwritten correspondence..

S p i nn i n g J e nn y ( 1 77 0 ). T h e i n v e n t i o n o f t h e S p i nn i n g J e nn y b y J a m e s H a r g r e a v e s t h a t i s c r e d i t e d w i t h m o v i n g t h e t e x t i l e i n d u s t r y f r o m h o m e s t o f a c t o r i e s . T h e m o v e f r o m a d o m e s t i c c o tt a g e b a s e d i n d u s t r y t o f a c t o r i e s a ll o w e d t h e e x p a n s i o n o f t h e I n d u s t r i a l R e v o l u t i o n f r o m E n g l a n d t h r o u g h o u t m u c h o f t h e world..

C a m e r a ( 1 8 1 6 ). People started traveling around the world, so they started documenting what they saw through photography. Joseph Nicéphore Niépcewas the inventor of the c a m e r a k n e w t h e i m p o r t a n c e b e c a u s e w e w e r e a b l e t o d o c u m e n t t h i n g s t h a t h a pp e n e d a n d t o s h o w proof..

T e l e g r a p h ( 1 8 3 0 - 1 8 4 0 ). S a m u e l M o r s e t h e i n v e n t o r o f t h e t e l e g r a p h w a s a revolutionary method of communication., Previous telegraph systems required visual contact between the two locations and the waving of flags to send messages, or people had to literally deliver the message via vehicle..

D y n a m i t e ( 1 8 66 ). A l f r e d N o b e l i n v e n t e d t h e d y n a m i t e t o b e u s e d t h r o u g h o u t t h e I n d u s t r i a l R e v o l u t i o n as a tool for clearing rocks and debris for miners. D y n a m i t e a ll o w e d s u c h w o r k e r s a s i m p l e w a y t o d e s t r o y m i n e s a n d r o c k t o u s e f o r materials or clear for further industrialization..

N e w c o m e n S t e a m E n g i n e ( 1 7 1 2 ) I n v e n t e d b y T h o m a s N e w c o m e n.

W a tt E n g i n e ( 1 7 6 5 ). Scottish engineer James Watt invented the first practical steam engine in 1763. Watt’s engine was very s i m i l a r t o N e w c o m e n ’ s , b u t i t w a s n e a r l y t w i c e a s efficient as it required less fuel to run. It was designed to pump water and was mainly used in mines and, in some areas, to pump municipal water supplies..

T h e M o d e r n F a c t o r y ( 1 7 2 1 ). With the introduction of machinery, factories began springing up first in Britain and then across t h e w o r l d . The factory system used powered machinery, division of labor, unskilled workers, and a c e n t r a l i z e d w o r k p l a c e t o m a ss - p r o d u c e p r o d u c t s ..

E l e c t r i c G e n e r a t o r ( 1 8 3 1 ). The first electric generator was invented by M i c h a e l F a r a d a y i n 1 8 3 1 : t h e F a r a d a y D i s k . A l t h o u g h t h e m a c h i n e ’ s d e s i g n w a s n o t v e r y effective, Faraday’s experimentation with e l e c t r o m a g n e t i s m , i n c l u d i n g t h e d i s c o v e r y o f e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c i n d u c t i o n s oo n l e d t o improvements, such as the dynamo which was the first generator capable of delivering power f o r i n d u s t r y ..

E l e c t r o n i c A g e ( 1 9 7 0 - p r e s e n t ).

Eniac (1945). ENIAC or known as (Electronic Numerical Integrator C a l c u l a t o r ) w a s t h e v e r y f i r s t g e n e r a l - p u r p o s e electronic computer. It was designed primarily to c a l c u l a t e a r t i ll e r y f i r i n g t a b l e s t o b e u s e d b y t h e United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory to h e l p U S t r oo p s d u r i n g W o r l d W a r II ..

T r a n s i s t o r R a d i o ( 1 9 4 7 ). Is a small portable radio receiver that uses transistor -based circuitry. Following the invention of the transistor in 1947. W h i c h r e v o l u t i o n i z e d t h e f i e l d o f c o n s u m e r e l e c t r o n i c s b y introducing small but powerful, convenient hand-held devices.

V i d e o T a p e R e c o r d e r ( 1 9 5 1 ). G i n s b e r g , a r e s e a r c h e r a t A m p e x C o r p o r a t i o n , i n v e n t e d t h e v i d e o t a p e r e c o r d e r i n 1 9 5 1 . T h e c o n t r a p t i o n w o r k e d b y t a k i n g l i v e i m a g e s f r o m cameras and converting them into electrical i m p u l s e s s t o r e d o n m a g n e t i c t a p e ..

P e r s o n a l C o m p u t e r s ( 1 9 7 5 ). A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose microcomputer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use. [1] P e r s o n a l c o m p u t e r s a r e i n t e n d e d t o b e o p e r a t e d d i r e c t l y b y a n e n d - user, rather than by a computer expert or technician . Unlike large, costly minicomputers and mainframes , time-sharing by many people at the same time is not used with personal computers. Primarily in the late 1970s and 1980s, the term home computer was also used.

M a i n f r a m e C o m p u t e r s ( 1 9 6 0 ). Mainframe computers, colloquially referred to as "big iron" are c o m p u t e r s u s e d p r i m a r i l y b y l a r g e o r g a n i z a t i o n s f o r c r i t i c a l applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and t r a n s a c t i o n p r o c e ss i n g ..

T e l e v i s i o n ( 1 9 4 1 ). Farnsworth made his first successful electronic television transmission on September 7, 1927, and filed a patent for h i s s y s t e m t h a t s a m e y e a r . A system for transmitting visual images and sound that are reproduced on screens, chiefly used to broadcast programs for entertainment, information, and education..

C e ll p h o n e ( 1 9 8 4 ). M a r t i n C oo p e r , t h e e n g i n ee r f r o m M o t o r o l a , d e v e l o p e d t h e f i r s t h a n d - h e l d p h o n e t h a t c o u l d c o nn e c t o v e r B e ll ' s A M P S . Motorola launched the DynaTAC in 1984. sometimes shortened to simply mobile, cell, or just phone, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a r a d i o f r e q u e n c y l i n k w h i l e t h e u s e r i s m o v i n g w i t h i n a t e l e p h o n e s e r v i c e a r e a ..

E v o l u t i o n o f N e w M e d i a ( P r e s e n t ).

Social Media. S o c i a l m e d i a r e f e r s t o t h e m e a n s o f i n t e r a c t i o n s a m o n g p e o p l e i n w h i c h t h e y c r e a t e , s h a r e , a n d / o r e x c h a n g e i n f o r m a t i o n a n d i d e a s i n v i r t u a l c o mm u n i t i e s a n d n e t w o r k s ..

Tumblr. T u m b l r i s a b l o gg i n g a n d s o c i a l m e d i a t oo l t h a t a ll o w s u s e r s t o p u b l i s h a " t u m b l e l o g " , o r s h o r t blog posts. Tumblr's major differentiator is the free-form nature of the site and the ability of users to heavily customize their own pages..

Twitter. T w i tt e r i s a s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g a n d m i c r o b l o gg i n g online service that allows users to send and receive t e x t - b a s e d m e ss a g e s o r p o s t s o f u p t o 1 4 0 c h a r a c t e r s c a ll e d " t w ee t s . " Twitter is also referred to as the SMS of the Internet b e c a u s e o f i t s u n m a t c h e d p o p u l a r i t y a n d i t s similarity to the SMS text messaging system used o n c e ll p h o n e s ..

Facebook. F a c e b oo k c r e a t e d b y M a r k Z u c k e r b e r g i n 2 00 4 , i s d e f i n e d a s a n o n l i n e s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e w h e r e p e o p l e c a n c r e a t e p r o f i l e s , s h a r e information such as photos and quotes about t h e m s e l v e s , a n d r e s p o n d o r l i n k t o t h e information posted by others..

N e t b oo k. i s a s m a ll , l i g h t , l o w - p o w e r n o t e b oo k c o m p u t e r t h a t h a s l e ss p r o c e ss i n g p o w e r t h a n a f u ll - s i z e d laptop but is still suitable for word processing, running a Web browser and connecting wirelessly t o t h e I n t e r n e t ..

V i r t u a l R e a l i t y. V i r t u a l R e a l i t y ( V R ) i s a c o m p u t e r - g e n e r a t e d e n v i r o n m e n t w i t h s c e n e s a n d o b j e c t s t h a t a pp e a r t o b e r e a l , m a k i n g t h e u s e r f ee l t h e y a r e i mm e r s e d i n t h e i r s u rr o u n d i n g s . T h i s e n v i r o n m e n t i s p e r c e i v e d t h r o u g h a d e v i c e k n o w n a s a V i r t u a l R e a l i t y h e a d s e t o r h e l m e t.

T h a n k y o u f o r w a t c h i n g !!.