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Group 3 | The Contemporary World | Lesson 3. A HISTORY OF GLOBAL POLITICS:.

INTRODUCTION. The world is composed of many countries or states with various forms of government. This poked some interest to the scholars..

Some scholars are interested in each individual internal political affairs of a country, some are interested in the interactions between states..

When they explore the deepening interactions between states, they refer to this phenomenon as internationalization..

Internalization is a major part of globalization. As explained in lesson 1, globalization encompasses a multitude of connections and interactions that cannot be reduced to the ties between governments..

International relations, as we know them today, are substantially shaped by events that occurred 400 years ago. This lesson will begin with identifying the major attributes of contemporary global politics. Then, it will proceed to ask: How did this system emerge?.

ATTRIBUTES OF TODAY’S GLOBAL SYSTEM.

Earth globe: Africa and Europe with solid fill. Handshake with solid fill.

Handshake with solid fill. Earth globe: Africa and Europe with solid fill.

Handshake with solid fill. Social network with solid fill.

Social network with solid fill. Group brainstorm with solid fill.

Group brainstorm with solid fill. 4. INDEPENDENT ENTITIES.

ORIGINS. What are the origins of this system? A good start is by unpacking what one means when he/she refers to a "country" or what academics also call a nation-state..

COUNTRY. The nation-state is a relatively modern phenomenon in human history, and people did not always organize themselves as countries..

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In layman's terms, State refers to a country and its government (e.g., the government of the Philippines)..

4 ATTRIBUTES OF A STATE. [image] The Fall of Phaeton 2001086 Prime Walls US.

01.. A state exercises authority over a specific population, which is referred to as its citizens..

02.. A state governs a specific territory.. Territory.

03.. A state has a structure of government that crafts various rules that people (society) follow..

04.. And the most crucial, the state has sovereignty over its territory. Sovereignty here refers to internal and external authority..

No individuals or groups can operate in a given national territory by ignoring the state. Groups/ orgs must abide by the laws of the state they are in.

`. NATION.

`. Nation is an "imagined community." It is limited because it does not go beyond a given "official boundary" and because rights and responsibilities are mainly the privilege and concern of the citizens of that nation.".

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[image] The Fall of Phaeton 2001086 Prime Walls US.

“Nation as imagined community” Imagined, as referred here, doesn’t mean made up, but rather a construct shared by people in their minds. Nation paves a path for connectivity despite not meeting them ..

[image] The Philippines first male athlete to win Olympic gold prompts outpouring of PinoyPride.

[image] The Philippines first male athlete to win Olympic gold prompts outpouring of PinoyPride.

Nation-builders can only feel a sense of fulfillment when that national ideal assumes an organizational form whose authority and power are recognized and accepted by "the people.".

Furthermore, there are communities that aren’t states that demand a form of autonomy within their “mother states.”.

Sovereignty is, thus, one of the fundamental principles of modern state politics. Understanding how this became the case entails going back as far as 400 years ago..

THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM. Treaty of. Westphalia. Napoleonic Wars.

Treaty of. The origin of the present – day concept of sovereignty can be traced back to the treaty of Westphalia.

Treaty of. It was a set of agreements signed in 1648 to end the thirty years` war between the major continental powers of Europe..

The Holy Roman Empire, Spain, France, Sweden, and the Dutch republic designed a system that would avert wars in the future by recognizing that the treaty signers exercise complete control over their domestic affairs and swear not to meddle in each other`s affair..

The Napoleonic Wars lasted from 1803- 1815 with Napoleon and his armies marching all over much of Europe..

In every country they conquered, the French implemented the Napoleonic Code which forbade birth privileges, encouraged freedom or religion, and promoted meritocracy in government service..

Anglo and Prussian armies finally defeated Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, ending the latter's mission to spread his liberal code across Europe..

To prevent another war and to keep their systems of privilege, the royal powers created a new system that, in effect, restored the Westphalian system..

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Despite the challenge of Napoleon to the Westphalian system and the eventual collapse of the Concert of Europe after World War I, the present-day international system still has traces of this history..

Until now, states are considered sovereign and Napoleonic attempts to violently impose systems of government in other countries are frowned upon. Moreover, like the Concert system, "great powers" still hold significant influence over world politics..

Interior.kbf '4he al. LESSON 3. GROUP 3 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD.

Interior.kbf '4he al. LESSON 3. GROUP 3 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD.

Interior.kbf '4he al. LESSON 3. GROUP 3 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD.