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Every region of the Philippines and  its famous literacies are presented  in this Digital Scrapbook.

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ILOCOS        Ilocos  is a region in the Philippines, encompassing the northwestern coast of Luzon island. It’s known for its historic sites, beaches and the well-preserved Spanish colonial city of Vigan. Dating from the 16th century, Vigan’s Mestizo district is characterized by cobblestone streets and mansions with wrought-iron balconies. Farther north, Laoag City is a jumping-off point for the huge La Paz Sand Dunes. .

CREATED BY: CONDOLON, YANNI JANE A. BSED ENGLISH 101

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Don Juan and his wife  Namongan  lived in      Nalbuan , now part of La Union in the northern  part of the Philippines. They had a son named  Lam-ang. Before Lam-ang was born, Don Juan  went to the mountains in order to punish a  group of their Igorot enemies. While he was  away, his son Lam-ang was born. It took four people to help  Namongan  give birth. As soon  as the baby boy popped out, he spoke and  asked that he be given the name Lam-ang.  He also chose his godparents and asked where      his father was.

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After nine months of waiting for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would go look for him.  Namongan  thought  Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was sad to let him go. During his exhausting journey, he decided to rest for awhile. He fell asleep and had a dream about his father’s head being stuck on a pole by the Igorot. Lam-ang was furious when he learned what had happened to his father. He rushed to their village and killed them all, except for one whom he let go so that he could tell other people about Lam- ang’s  greatness. Upon returning to  Nalbuan  in triumph, he was bathed by women in the  Amburayan  river. All the  fish died because of the dirt and odor from Lam-  ang’s  body.  There was a young woman named  Ines  Kannoyan  w hom Lam-ang wanted to woo.  She lived in  Calanutia n  and he brought along his  white rooster and gray dog to visit her. On the  way, Lam-ang met his  Enemy  Sumarang ,  another suitor of Ines whom he  f ought and  readily defeated .

Lam-ang found the house of Ines surrounded by  many suitors all of whom were trying to catch her attention.  He had his rooster crow, which caused a nearby house to fall.  This made Ines look out. He had his dog bark and in an instant the fallen house rose up again. The girl’s parents witnessed this and called for him. The rooster expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a marriage with their daughter if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their wealth. Lam-ang had no problem fulfilling this condition and he and Ines were married. It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the raring fish. Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the    water monster  Berkakan . Ines had Marcos get his bones, which she covered with a piece of cloth.      His rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move. Back alive, Lam-ang   and his wife lived happily ever after with his    white rooster and gray dog.

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CAGAYAN VALLEY  	Cagayan Valley, designated as Region II, is an administrative region in the Philippines, located in the northeastern section of Luzon Island. It is composed of five Philippine provinces: Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, and  Quirino .

“What Causes Earthquakes”  (Y  Paggafuanan   na   Lunig )

Once upon a time, there was a very poor couple who had only one son. He’s name was Bernardo Carpio. Since this family led only a hand to mouth existence, both husband and wife had to work for a living. Whenever the mother went out to work, she would lock up the baby in  the house. She would just give him some things  to play with. Upon coming home, she would find  all the toys of the baby broken into small  pieces.

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This happened everyday until the mother could no longer give the baby anything to play with. So the baby was left in the house without any toy. When she came home to feed him, the mother was surprised that the walls and studs of their house were either broken or destroyed. She remained silent but observant. As soon as these parts of the house had been repaired, she again left Bernardo Carpio alone. When she came home, she found the same in shambles. Next time, the mother deliberately gave her son an iron rod to play with. Again he broke this rod into pieces. Now the parents were growing alarmed over the extraordinary strength  of Bernardo. News of it also      spread in the neighborhood.     As the child grew up, he was recognized as                       the strongest boy in the village. He challenged     to fight those who dared him and defeated    them all. As a man, his prowess was also       acclaimed in the whole country. This popularity      made him very proud. He was so proud that he        even dared challenged God.

At first, God gave him the upper hand. But on the third trial, when God asked him to stop the quarrel between the two big mountains, Bernardo failed. In a conceited gesture, he impulsively went between the warring mountains. He extended his arms to stop them but instead, he got caught between the two mountains and was buried alive with only his head out.  Today, it was believed that whenever Bernardo Carpio struggles to free himself from the grip of the mountains, the earth quakes. The old folks also say that when he finally frees himself, that will be the end of the world.

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CENTRAL LUZON 	Region III comprises with the seven provinces in the central plain of Luzon namely; Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac and Zambales. It has a total land area of 2,147,035 hectares. About 30 per cent of the total land area estimated at 644,475 hectares are devoted to agricultural production.

Atin   ku   pung   singsing Metung  yang  timpukan Amana  ke   iti King  indung   ibatan Sangkan   keng   sininup King  metung  a  kaban Mewala   ya   iti , E  ku   kamalayan . Ing  sukal   ning   lub   ku Susukdul  king  banwa Pikurus  kung  gamat Babo   ning   lamesa Ninu   mang   manakit King  singsing  kung mana Kalulung   pusu   ku Manginu   ya   keya .

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Once had a ring That had a single gem ( solitario ) I inherited this From my father I pretended to hide it (non-literal: I thought I hid it) In a chest (i.e., camphor box, hope chest) It got lost Without my knowledge (non-literal: I don ’ t know how it got lost) I was extremely sad (my despair was so great) it reached the heavens I interlocked my fingers (as if in prayer or supplication) And placed (my clasped hands) on top of the table Whoever finds The ring which I inherited My poor heart Will treat him/her as my  Saviour

CALABARZON Calabarzon , formally known as the Southern Tagalog Mainland, is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region IV-A. The region comprises five provinces: Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, and Rizal and one highly urbanized city,  Lucena .

English Translation of  Atin Cu Pung SingSing :

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MIMAROPA          Mimaropa , formally known as the Southwestern Tagalog Region, is an administrative region in the Philippines. It was also formerly designated as Region IV-B until 2016. It is one of two regions in the country having no land border with another region.

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Once upon a time, a  diwata  lived in a mountain of Laguna. She was called Maria  Makiling . She has light olive skin, long shining black hair and twinkling eyes. She was breathtakingly beautiful. Maria was always about helping other people. One time, the children of a farmer got sick. When he went to Maria to seek help, he was given a  bilao  full of ginger. The farmer sadly went home carrying the  bilao  of ginger. When he reached his hut, he was greatly surprised: the ginger had turned to gold! Because of Maria's kindness, the townsfolk had grown to love her.

Maria was a great beauty. She was sought for and wooed by many suitors. Three of them were very much determined to have her. One is Captain Lara, a Spanish soldier who always brought her gifts from Europe. The other is Joselito, a Spanish mestizo who was studying in Manila . Every time Joselito visits Maria, he had many stories to tell her about foreign countries and the things that he had read in books. He dreamed of going to Spain. He didn't like to live in the Philippines. Of the three, it was Juan who is the most industrious. He is a common farmer. But he is so hard working, and his fruits and vegetable grew fat and juicy. He also had many pet animals and birds. But if truth be told, it was Juan who Maria secretly admired. As time passed, her suitors became more and more impatient and demanded that Maria tell them    who she loves. So the  diwata  was forced to promise:    "By the night of the full moon, I will     tell you my answer."        When the night of the full moon arrived, all of her suitors climbed up the mountain to know her decision.

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All was startled when Maria told them that it was Juan whom she loved. The suitors went away feeling dejected. On the other hand, Joselito and Captain Lara were very much angry with Juan. They thought of a plan against him. One day, all was surprised when a huge fire devoured the cuartel of the Spanish. Because of the fire, Captain Lara ordered many Filipinos to be captured. Secretly, Joselito helped him. Juan was among those who they imprisoned and tortured.       Many prisoners did not last long from the tortures the Spanish had inflicted upon them. One         night, Captain Lara and Joselito secretly spoke       with the prisoners. The next day, Juan was          blamed for the burning of the Spanish cuartel.       "I did not do it!" cried Juan. But the prisoners      pointed at him because Captain Lara and        Joselito frightened them.         The soldiers brought Juan to the plaza. In      front of hundreds of people, Juan was shot as     the enemy of the Spaniards.  He was killed even     though he didn't commit any wrong doing.

But before he died, he managed to shout out loud Maria's name. It was heard by the  diwata  so she quickly went down her mountain.  But Juan was already dead when Maria arrived. Tears falling down her face, she embraced tightly his lifeless body. Afterwards, she faced the crowd. "Why did you not take care of him?" she shouted. Meanwhile, Captain Lara and Joselito fled to Manila because they were afraid of Maria. When she learned of this, she cursed the two. She also cursed those men who cannot accept failure in love. Soon, the curse took effect. Joselito suddenly became ill. There was no cure for his illness.         Captain Lara, on the other hand, was called back to Laguna when the Filipinos revolted against the abuse that the Spaniards had inflicted upon them. The revolution quickly spread to many parts of the Philippines. The revolutionary Filipinos killed Captain Lara. From then on, Maria never let  herself be seen by the people. Every time  somebody got lost on the mountain, they  remember the curse of the  diwata . They  remember the great love of Maria  Makiling .

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BICOL           Bicol is a region in the Philippines encompassing the southern part of Luzon Island and nearby island provinces.  Caramoan , a peninsula in the east, is dotted with caves, limestone cliffs and white-sand beaches. Nearby,  Catanduanes  Island has mountains, waterfalls and coral reefs.  Donsol , in the west, is home to whale sharks. The region’s active volcanoes include  Bulusan  Volcano and  Mayon  Volcano.

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In a place called  ibalon , there is a maiden called  Magayon , who is the daughter of the chief of the tribe named  Makusog . Her beauty attracted several men in different places. One of the said men was  Pagtuga , who is a warrior and chief of  Iraga . He tried to woo  Magayon  several times but to no avail.       One day,  Magayon  bathed in her favorite spot called the  Yawa  river. She suddenly slipped on the rocks and cried for help.

This caught the attention of  Pangaronon , who happened to be nearby, and saved her from drowning. They began creating a very close relationship and even asked  Makusog  for her hand in marriage. The news spread of  Magayon’s  marriage, even  Pagtuga , who kidnapped  Magayon  and threatened her to marry him or his father will die.       Pangaronon  went to the place and try to take her lover back, hence, a battle ensued.             Pangaronon  eventually won, but as he was about to embrace  Magayon , she was struck with a poisoned arrow. Pangaronon  knelt over his dying lover and eventually got stabbed by one of  Pagtuga’s  men.  Makusog  buried his daughter and her lover together after the battle. Years passed and the land where they buried rose higher and higher, which was eventually called  Mayon .

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WESTERN VISAYAS REGION           Western Visayas is an administrative region in the Philippines, numerically designated as Region VI. It consists of six provinces and two highly urbanized cities. The regional center is Iloilo City. The region is dominated by the native speakers of four Visayan languages:  Kinaray -a, Hiligaynon,  Aklanon  and  Capiznon .

In the beginning there was nothing and there was everything. The world is made of mists, formless and shapeless things, and confusions everywhere. From this confusion there grows      two Gods,  Tunkong   Langit  and  Alunsina . These  two Gods marry and lived in the highest realm     of infernal space.  Tungkung   Langit  took the responsibility of writing everything in the world, his job is to restore order, chaos and the   confusion around him, so everyday he left to do his job, and leave  Alunsina  in their home.

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While  Tungkung   Langit  is responsible,  Alunsina  is lazy, jealous, and selfish. She likes to daydream or comb her hair all day long. And because she was a jealous goddess,  Alunsina  always sends the sea breeze to spy on  Tungkung   Langit . When the god found this out, he was not pleased. There was a quarrel, the  Tungkung   Langit  says that it is ungodly on her to be jealous.  Alunsina  resented it.  Tungkung   Langit  lost his temper; he divested his wife of her powers and sends her away. No one knew where she went, she just disappeared.   Several days after,  Tungkung   Langit  became very lonely. But he doesn't know where to find her    o r where to start looking for her. He missed      Alunsina  terribly, especially whenever he comes      home after his work and finds his house empty. One day, he thought of an idea, he made the     sea, the earth, and filled the ground with trees     and flowers. He made the earth and sea      beautiful, so that when  Alunsina  would see it,    she would come home. But she didn't.

So he took  Alunsina's  jewels and put it in the sky, and still  Alunsina  did not came back. Up to this time,  Tungkung   Langit  still lives alone in his palace in the sky. When it rains, it is said to be  Tungkung   Langit"s  tears, still longing for the return of his beloved  Alunsina .

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CENTRAL VISAYAS               Central Visayas, designated as Region VII, is a region of the Philippines in the central part of the Visayas island group. It consists of four provinces–Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor– and the highly urbanized cities of Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu City, and Mandaue.

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Usahay   magadamgo   ako Nga  ikaw  ug  ako   nagkahigugmaay Nganong   damguhon  ko  ikaw Damguhon   sa   kanunay sa   akong   kamingaw Usahay   magamahay   ako Nganong   nabuhi  pa  ning   kalibutan Nganong   gitiaw-tiawan Ang  gugma  ko  kanimo ,  kanimo  da

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Usahay   magadamgo   ako Nga  ikaw  ug  ako   nagkahigugmaay Nganong   damguhon  ko  ikaw Damguhon   sa   kanunay sa   akong   kamingaw Usahay   magamahay   ako Nganong   nabuhi  pa  ning   kalibutan Nganong   gitiaw-tiawan Ang  gugma  ko  kanimo ,  kanimo  da Nganong   gitiaw-tiawan Ang  gugma  ko  kanimo ,  kani ...mo... da...

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Once there were two gods,  Captan  and  Maguayan.One  day,  Captan  planted a bamboo in  agarden . It grew and split into two sections, and stepped out a man who was named  Sicalac   andwoman  named  Sicavay.Sicalac  asked  Sicavay’s  hand for marriage because there were no other people on  earth.She  refused because they were brother and sister, having been conceived out of the same reed. Sicalac  persistently pleaded with her and finally they decided to consult the tunas of the sea,  thedoves  of the air and the earthquake,

who agreed that they should marry so that the world will be populated. Finally, they decided to go ahead and got married and had a son named  Sibo .  Thenthey  had a daughter named Samar.  Sibo  and Samar had a daughter named  Luplupan  who  grewup  and married  Pandaguan , who was also a son of  Sicalac  and  Sicavay .  Lupluban  and  Pandaguanhad  a son named  Anoranor.Pandaguan  invented the fishing net and he caught a shark when he used it but the shark did not survive for long out of the water. He cried loudly to the  Gods.The  god  Captan , sent the flies to find out why  Pandaguan  was making such a loud lamentation but the flies refused to obey so they were condemned to scavenge among filthy and rotten  thingsfrom  then on. Then, the god sent the weevils and he discovered about  Pandaguan’s  grief and he struck him dead by a thunderbolt.      Pandaguan  stayed in the infernal regions but the gods took  pityon  him and brought him back to the  world.Pandaguan  discovered that his wife  Luplupan  became the concubine of  Maracoyrun.Pandaguan  got angry and went back to infernal regions, vowing never to return to the world.

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EASTERN VISAYAS         It consists of three main islands,  Samar, Leyte and Biliran. The region has six provinces, one independent city and one highly urbanized city namely, Biliran, Leyte, Northern Samar, Samar, Eastern Samar, Southern Leyte, Ormoc and Tacloban. The highly urbanized city of Tacloban  is the sole regional center. These provinces and cities occupy the easternmost islands of the  Visayas  group of islands.

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Dandansoy ,  bayaan  ta  ikaw   Pauli  ako   sa   payaw   Ugaling  kung  ikaw   hidlawon   ang  payaw   imo  lang  lantawon .  Dandansoy , kung  imo   apason   Bisan   tubig  di  magbalon   Ugaling  kung  ikaw   uhawon   Sa  dalan   magbubon-bubon .

Kumbento ,  diin  ang  cura ?  Munisipyo ,  diin   justicia ?  Yari   si   dansoy   makiha .  Makiha   sa   pag-higugma ,  Ang  panyo   mo   kag   panyo  ko  Dal-a  diri  kay  tambihon  ko  Ugaling  kung  magkasilo   Bana ta  ikaw ,  asawa   mo   ako .

Dandansoy , I'd like to leave you,  I'm going back home to Payao.  Though if you yearn for me,  Just look towards Payao.  Dandansoy , if you follow me,  Don't bring even water.  Though if you get thirsty,  Dig a well along the way.  Nunnery, where's the priest?  City Hall, where's justice?  Here is  Dansoy , charged  Charged with falling in love.  Your handkerchief and my  handkerchief  Bring them here, as I'll tie them  together  For if they interweave  May you be my husband, I your wife.

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“How will we able to eat?” he scolded  Totoon . “Never mind  Bowaon , they are so tiny; they will still grow bigger,”  Totoon        They rode on their horses again. After a distance, they saw a dead man.  Totoon  asked  Bowaon  to stop so they could bury the body. But  Bowaon  got angry, “Are you out of mind? If somebody sees us, he’ll think we killed him.” “But we should show mercy. There is a way of finding the truth. Well, if you won’t help me, then I will bury  Bowaon  went ahead while  Totoon  dug a grave for the body. Then he carried the dead person and buried him. He prayed over it then   went on his journey.  Bowaon  could not bear to            leave him so he returned for  Totoon . They           therefore, set out together again. Trotting            along, they heard babies crying. They went           towards the direction of the sounds. They           found hungry baby eagles in a nest.            “Let’s stop for a while and feed the eagles,”          suggested  Totoon . Then  Bowaon  saw that          Totoon  was going to kill his horse. “Are you         foolish? When they grow up they’ll prey on you.

Once upon a time, there were two friends,  Bowaon  and  Totoon . They couldn’t find work so they decided to go away from their place to look for their fortune somewhere. They brought with them some rice and then they mounted their horses. As they went on, they got hungry. From a distance, they saw a coral reef. They got off their horses and headed for the reef to catch some fish. They caught schools of fish but these were very tiny.  Totoon  forgot his hunger. He returned the fish he caught to the reef.  Bowaon  got angry.

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and some cooking utensils. Sit near the pen, and your future will be bright. Don’t be surprised. I am the dead person whom you have buried. I have come back to pay you back the favor you showed me.” Everything went silent and  Totoon  feel asleep In the morning, the two friends were called for breakfast by the king. As he was told the night before, he saw the pen and some cooking utensils on the table.  Bowaon  sat down and just as soon began eating. “You,  Totoon , will become my secretary; while you,  Bowaon , will become my cook,” announced the king.      At first,  Bowaon  was glad with his work for it meant plenty of food. He would not go hungry. But              as time went on, he began to envy  Totoon  for           the latter was not fatigued much. He thought of          smearing the name of his friend. One day,         Bowaon  went to the king to report that he heard         Totoon  say that the latter would be able to find           the ring the king lost within three days and that           the reward will be marriage to the princess. Of         course, the king got angry for he did not say           anything like that. He had  Totoon  summoned to            his hall.

Let’s go on, we’re already delayed,”  Bowaon  said. “Don’t mind me. I pity these baby eagles. Anyway, no debt goes unpaid. Go ahead, I’ll just follow.”         “If you go on with your silly ideas, I’ll not give you a ride,” threatened  Bowaon . “Then I’ll walk,” decided  Totoon . “Even if I go slowly, I’ll still reach my destination.” After killing his horse, he fed the eagles. When they feel asleep,  Totoon  left.  Bowaon  again returned to give  Totoon  a ride. Far ahead, they sighted a palace. “Let’s go,” suggested  Bowaon . “Let’s ask the king for work.”          They knocked at the palace door. They were told to enter, but since it was late, they were not granted any audience with the king. They slept in the palace. “You see,” taunted  Bowaon , “if  you  did not delay our trip, we should’ve been  able to eat. You are the cause of all this.” They went to sleep nevertheless since they  were so tired from their journey.       After a while,  Totoon  heard someone calling  his name. “Rise,  Totoon , and listen: In the morning, when the king calls you for breakfast, don’t eat at once. On the table you’ll see a pen

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Totoon  protested the accusation but the angry king would not listen to him. “Go, look for the ring then and if you find it you will have the princess for a reward but, if you fail you will lose your head,” announced the king.  Totoon  did not say anything. He got a paddle and rode far out to the sea. There, he cried because of his fate. No longer after, he heard a voice. It was a fish asking him why he as crying.  Totoon  unburdened his problem. After listening, the fish dived deep into the sea. When it surfaced, many fishes came up with it, each one with a ring in its snout.  Totoon  looked among the rings. The king’s ring was not there. The fishes dived again. When they came up, they were bringing the king’s ring.  Totoon  thanked the fish. Don’t mention it,” said the fish. Actually we are only paying the favor you showed us before when you threw us back into the reef.” Then they left. The king rejoiced that the ring had been found. He held a banquet. Now,  Bowaon  had plenty of work again. He did not like it..

In the banquet, the king announced the forthcoming marriage of  Totoon  and the princess.  Bowaon  was very angry. There would be much work ahead. He thought of a plan to thwart the wedding. But it did not succeed.       After the wedding,  Bowaon  went to the king. “Your majesty,” he said. “I heard  Totoon  say that on the third day, the princess will give birth.” The king got mad. He once more summoned  Totoon . “Do you mean to say that you had an affair with the princess even before you got married? You scoundrel! But since you’re already my child, I can’t do anything. However, do what you’ve saidthat the princess will give birth three days from now. If            not, you’ll surely lose your head.”              Totoon  cried in despair. The princess           comforted him by saying she’d talk with her          father, but he couldn’t be calmed. After a while,          an eagle came. “Don’t cry,  Totoon ,” she began.          “This time I’ll help you in payment for help you            extended my children. Get a midwife and talk to           her. I’ll bring you a newly-born child.” Then the          eagle flew away.

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When she came back, she had an infant, still dripping with blood. In the bedroom, the midwife acted as if there really was a delivery. When the king awoke he heard the ones of an infant. He was amazed that the princess did give birth. He forgot his anger. “It must be a miracle,” he muttered.

ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA Zamboanga Peninsula is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region IX. It consists of three provinces including four cities, and the highly urbanized city of Zamboanga City. The region was previously known as Western Mindanao before the enactment of Executive Order No. 36 on August 12, 2015.

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Taake , son of  Timoway , went fishing on the sea. He found a fish as big as a hill with golden scales. He attempted to capture if but instead fell into the sea and later on finds himself in a kingdom called  Keboglogan . There he met a beautiful girl named  Pintawan .  Taake  who was mesmerized by  Pintawan's  beauty fell in love at first sight.  Pintawan  agreed with  Taake's  offer of marriage. However, the  datus  of  Keboglogan  does not approve of them getting married.

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So the  datus  ordered his people to kill  Taake  and offer him as a sacrifice.  Pintoqan , who was like a sister to  Pintawan   adviced   Taake  to leave but  Taake  refused to leave.  Taake  fought with the help of  Tomitib  against the eight  datus  subjects. But the  datus  subjects had the power to comeback to life. After seven months of fighting  Taake  got tired and fell asleep in the battleground.  Taake  dreamed of a girl telling him to go the tower of  Walo   Sabang  in the guise of  Towan   Salip   Palasti  to get their powerful medicines and amulets. When he came back, armed with the medicine and amulet, the people whom they felled did not come back to life anymore. The god  Asog  notice the battle and went down to earth and told them to stop fighting. In return the god gave them their partners in life. The  datus  agreed. So  Asog  fanned the kingdom with his kerchief and those who died lived again.  Taake  returned home and saw his mother dying with the pain of waiting for his son.  Taake  kissed her mother and told her he was her son, she revived.  The kingdom of  Sirangan  prepared a  buklog . All the  datus  from different kingdoms were invited and there they were given partners in life by their god  Asog .

NORTHERN MINDANAO Northern Mindanao ( Tagalog :  Hilagang  Mindanao;  Cebuano :  Amihanang  Mindanao;  Maranao:   Pangotaraan  Mindanao) is an  administrative region  in the   Philippines , designated as Region X. It comprises five  provinces :  Bukidnon ,  Camiguin ,  Misamis Occidental ,  Misamis Oriental , and  Lanao del Norte , and two cities classified as highly urbanized, all occupying the north-central part of  Mindanao  island, and the island-province of  Camiguin .

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There is a kingdom called  Bumbaran . There lived King  Madali  and Prince  Bantugan .  Bantugan  was famous for his might and prowess, which attracted many women. This made the king envious.        He banned the people from talking to the prince or they will be punished.  Bantugan  left the palace and ended up in the Kingdom of the Land of Two Seas.  Bantugan  fell ill and died at the kingdom gates.

The king of the land and Princess were shocked at his dead body. Nobody in the land knew of the prince. He held a forum with the wise men to deal with  Bantugan’s  corpse until a parrot came and told them of his identity. The  loro  was tasked to tell  Madali  of his brother’s demise, which he did.

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Upon knowing of his death of his brother, King  Madali  was saddened. He hurriedly flew to the heavens to return  Bantugan’s  spirit.  Madali  return with the soul and  Prinsesa   Datimbang  met with  Madali  carrying his body. They returned the soul into  Bantugan’s  body and revived him. All rejoiced, including King  Madali . Meanwhile, King  Miskoyaw  heard of  Bantugan’s  death and invaded the kingdom of  Bumbaran .  Bantugan  fought but he was weakened since he was recently revived. He was imprisoned. Eventually, his strength returned and defeated King  Miskoyaw  and his men. The kingdom was saved and they continued their celebration. The envy of King  Madali  was now gone. The king of the land and Princess were shocked at his dead body. Nobody in the land knew of the prince. He held a forum with the wise men to deal with  Bantugan’s  corpse until a parrot came and told them of his identity. The  loro  was tasked to tell  Madali  of his brother’s demise, which he did.

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SOUTHERN MINDANAO 	Davao Region, formerly called Southern Mindanao, is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region XI. It is situated at the southeastern portion of Mindanao and comprises five provinces: Davao de Oro, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, and Davao Occidental.

Scene 29

One day, Constantine Tirol, also called as  Tinang , visits her former master,  Señora , whom she was working for before she got married. While carrying her baby boy, she walks through the entrance of the house of her former  Señora  and met his former young master ,Tito and the  Señora . Upon getting inside the house,  señora  asks her some questions how her married life is together with Bagobo husband and also how is it to be a mother of a baby boy .

Scene 30

Their conversations continues and they reach to the point of talking about the tractor drivers of  Señora , especially the one who was good, Amado.            After that,  Tinang  finally tells her former  Señora  about her intentions of being there. The baptism of her baby is about to come and she wants  Señora  to be a  madrid  or a  ninang  to her child. The relationship between  Tinang  and her former  Señora  with her family remains good. And so,  Señora  hastily agreed to be so and yet wants to provide baptismal clothes for the baby and the fee for the priest. Before she left  Señora’s  house, she was told by her, that there is a letter for her in the drugstore, which also serves as the post office of the Barrio. By that moment she thought that someone might be dead or maybe that letter comes from her sister. So she hurriedly takes her way home and passes by that drugstore to get the said letter.       As she continues walking in a muddy road to her way home. She tries to look for a place where she could lay down her baby, hoping that could read the letter before she arrives home.

Finally, she finds a good place she can stop for a awhile. There is a  Kamansi  Tree and  underof   itare  a scattered cornhusks. So, she prepares a heap of it using her foot laid her baby upon it. Then she starts reading the letter. After doing so, she finds out that the letter is a love letter, her first love letter, which comes from Amado, her boyfriend, saying that does not want to break-up with her when he left from the field of  Señora , and without telling the reasons why he did so.   Time cannot be back anymore. It is already too late that she discovers that Amado love her. However, she was not informed that his mother’s illness made him gone for some time. Instead,  Tinang   marty  a Bagobo man who owns 2 hectares of a land. After all, what she does is to remember her past with Amado  untill  the time comes when she has to leave upon noticing that a snake is sneaking towards her baby boy.  In the end, she leaves the place without noticing that her first love letter fell down among the cornhusks.

Scene 31

CENTRAL MINDANAO Soccsksargen , formerly known as Central Mindanao, is an administrative region of the Philippines, located in south-central Mindanao. It is numerically designated as Region XII. The name is an acronym that stands for the region's four provinces and one highly urbanized city.

Scene 32

A long, long time ago, Mindanao was covered with water, and the sea cover all the lowlands so that nothing could be seen but the mountains jutting from it. There were many people living in the country and all the highlands were dotted with villages and settlements. For many years the people prospered, living in peace and contentment.

Suddenly there appeared in the land four horrible monsters which, in short time has devoured every human being they could find. Kurita, a terrible creature with many limbs, lived partly on the land and partly on sea, but its favorite haunt was the mountain where the rattan palm grew; and here it brought utter destruction on every living thing. 	The second monster,  Tarabusaw , an ugly creature in the form of a man, lived on Mt.  Matutum , and far and wide from that place he devoured the people, laying waste the land. The third, an enormous bird called  Pah , was so large that, when on the wing, it covered the sun and brought darkness to the earth. Its egg was as large as a house. Mt.  Bita  was its haunt; and there the only people who escaped its voracity were those who hid in the mountain caves. The fourth monster was also a dreadful bird, having seven heads and the power to see in all directions at the same time. Mt.  Gurayan  was its home and like the others, it wrought havoc to its region.

Scene 33

So great was the death and destruction caused by these terrible creatures that at length, the news spread even to the most distant lands - and all nations grieved to hear the sad fate of Mindanao. Now far across the sea, in the land of the golden sunset, was a city so great that to look at its many people would injure the eyes of men. When tidings of these great disasters reached this distant city, the heart of King  Indarapatra  was filled with compassion, and he called his brother,  Sulayman , and begged hem to save the land of Mindanao from the monsters.           Sulayman  listened to the story and as heard it, was moved with pity. "I will go", zeal and enthusiasm adding to his strength, "and the land shall be avenged," said he. King  Indarapatra , proud of his brother's courage, gave him a ring and a sword as he wished him success and safety. Then he placed a young sapling by his window and said to  Sulayman  "By this tree I shall know your fate from the hour you depart from here, for if you live, it will live; but if you die, it will die also."

So  Sulayman  departed for Mindanao, and he neither waded nor used a boat, but went through the air and landed on the mountain where the rattan grew. There he stood on the summit and gazed about on all sides. He looked on the land and the villages, but he could see no living thing. And he was very sorrowful and cried out: "Alas, how pitiful and dreadful is this devastation."  	Then the people all came out of their hiding places and returned to their homes where they lived in peace and happiness. And the sea withdrew from the land and gave the lowlands to the people. No sooner had  Sulayman  uttered those words than the whole mountain began to move and then shook. Suddenly out of the ground came the horrible creature Kurita. It sprung at the man and sank its claws at his flesh. But,  Sulayman  knowing at once that this was the scourge of the land, drew his sword and cut Kurita to pieces. At  Indarapatra's  request, the old woman led him to one such cave.

Scene 34

There he met the headmen with his family and some people. They all gathered about the stranger, asking many questions, for this was the first time they had heard about the death of the monsters. When they found out what  Indarapatra  had done for them, the headman gave his daughter to him in marriage, and she proved to be beautiful girl whom  Indarapatra  had seen at the mouth of the cave.

CARAGA          Caraga , officially the  Caraga  Administrative Region and designated as Region XIII, is an administrative region in the Philippines occupying the northeastern section of Mindanao. The region was created through Republic Act No. 7901 on February 23, 1995.

Scene 35

Tuwaang  received a message of invitation from the wind saying that he  shouldattend  the long waited wedding of the  Dalaga  ng  Monawon . Last to come was the groom, the  Binata  ng  Sakadna  who was with his one hundred well trained men. As soon as he arrived, the groom ordered all his men to drive away the  guestswho  should not be there or those uninvited guests.

Scene 36

Insulted,  Tuwaang  told the groom that they,     the guests were all  pulang   dahon , which meant heroes. In short time, the ceremony started with the  guests being offered several precious things that they should top with what  they had. Two were left for the groom but the  Binata  ng  Sakadna  admitted that  he didn’t have a gold flute and a gold guitar to top what were left. Then she sat beside  Tuwaang  that put the  groom in a very embarrassing situation. Fight me to death!  Tuwaang  slowly stood to  accept the challenge but the beautiful bride held his hand. Let me just comb your hair before you fight  him, the bride told  Tuwaang  in a soft whisper. Tuwaang  took her hand and brought it  gently to his mouth and kissed it. For you, my lady, I’ll be  careful!he  said and  came out of the hall to face the groom. The groom hurled a big stone at  Tuwaang  but the stone turned into dust before it hit him.

The groom grabbed  Tuwaang  and threw him  heavily on the ground. Tuhawa  told him that the life of the groom was  in the gold  flute.Tuwaang  emerged from the  ground and killed the groom by buying the  goldflute . Tuwaang  then went home to  Kuaman  with the  bride and the  Gungutan  and they lived happily ever after.

Scene 37

Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR), also known as Cordillera Region ( Ilocano :  Rehion / Deppaar   Administratibo   ti   Kordiliera ;  Tagalog :  Rehiyong   Pampangasiwaan  ng Cordillera), is an  administrative region  in the  Philippines , situated within the island of  Luzon . The only  landlocked  region in the insular country, it is bordered by the  Ilocos  Region  to west and southwest, and by the  Cagayan Valley Region  to the north, east, and southeast. It is the least populous region in the Philippines, with a population less than that of the  City of Manila .

Scene 38

Once upon a time, in a village called  Hannanga , a boy was born to the couple named  Amtalao  and  Dumulao . He was called  Aliguyon . He was an intelligent, eager young man who wanted to learn many things, and indeed, he learned many useful things, from the stories and teachings of his father.

He learned how to fight well and chant a few magic spells. Even as a child, he was a leader, for the other children of his village looked up to him with awe.         Upon leaving childhood,  Aliguyon  betook himself to gather forces to fight against his father's enemy, who was  Pangaiwan  of the village of  Daligdigan . But his challenge was not answered personally by  Pangaiwan . Instead, he faced  Pangaiwan's  fierce son,  Pumbakhayon .  Pumbakhayon  was just as skilled in the arts of war and magic as  Aliguyon . The two of them battled each other for three years, and neither of them showed signs of defeat.           Their battle was a tedious one, and it has been said that they both used only one spear!  Aliguyon  had thrown a spear to his opponent at the start of their match, but the fair  Pumbakhayon  had caught it deftly with one hand. And then  Pumbakhayon  threw the spear back to  Aliguyon , who picked it just as neatly from the air.

In the mountainous regions of Northern Luzon, a  hudhud  is a long tale sung during special occasions. This particular long tale is sung during harvest. A favorite topic of the  hudhud  is a folk hero named  Aliguyon , a brave warrior.

Scene 39

At length  Aliguyon  and  Pumbakhayon  came to respect each other, and then eventually they came to admire each other talents. Their fighting stopped suddenly. Between the two of them they drafted a peace treaty between  Hannanga  and  Daligdigan , which their peoples readily agreed to. It was fine to behold two majestic warriors finally side by side.

(National Capital Region) Metropolitan Manila(often shortened as Metro Manila;  Filipino :  Kalakhang  Maynila), officially the National Capital Region ( NCR; Filipino :  Pambansang  Punong  Rehiyon ), is the  seat of government  and one of three  defined metropolitan areas  in the  Philippines . It is composed of 16 cities: the  city of Manila ,  Quezon  City , Caloocan , LasPiñas ,  Makati ,  Malabon ,  Mandaluyong ,  Marikina ,  Muntinlupa ,  Navotas ,  Parañaque ,  Pasay ,  Pasig ,  San Juan ,  Taguig , and  Valenzuela , as well as the municipality of  Pateros .

Scene 40

Dudong  is 17 year old young who is impatiently waiting for his father to return home so that he can tell him of his love for  Teang  and his desire to marry her. He feels that at 17 he is a grown man and is ready for the next important step in his life. When he tells his father that he has asked  Teang  to marry him and wants his blessing, there is a long and cruel silence. His father asks if he must marry her because  Dudong  is very young.  Dudong  resents his father's question, and finally his father gives his consent.

Scene 41

Nine months later,  Dudong  is waiting outside while  Teang  gives birth to their first son, Blas. He feels young and inexperienced, a contrast to how he felt nine months ago.  Dudong  did not want any more children, but they came anyway. For the next six years,  Teang  gave birth. Seven children in all.   Teang  did not complain. However her body was now shapeless and thin from bearing so many children and from the hard work of caring for them and the household. Even though she loved  Dudong , she cried and wished that she had not married so young.   There had been another suitor, Lucio, who was nine years older than  Dudong . She chose  Dudong  because he was so much younger. Lucio had married after she married  Dudong , however, he was childless. She wonders if she had married Lucio, would she be childless? She feels that would have been a better lot in life. But she loves  Dudong , even though life has made her old and ugly.

One night  Dudong  goes outside and thinks about his life. He wants to have the wisdom to know why life does not fulfill Youth's dreams. Why did life forsake you after love? He never finds the answer.   When Blas turns 18, he comes home and tells  Dudong  that he wants to marry Tena.  Dudong  at this time is only 36 years old, but he is portrayed as a much older man.  Dudong  does not want Blas to marry so young.   He asks the same question his father asked him. Does Blas have to marry Tena? He does not want him to make the same mistake he did. Blas also reacts with resentment.  Dudong  realizes that he is dealing with Youth and Love, and they will triumph over this situation. After that, comes real life. He gives his consent, feeling sad and sorry for his son.

Scene 42

(Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao)       The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao was an autonomous region of the Philippines, located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that consisted of five predominantly Muslim provinces: Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, and  Tawi-Tawi . It was the only region that had its own government

Scene 43

There was once a kingdom, where a selfish, cruel, and greedy king ruled. In that kingdom also live a young man named  Pilandok , of whose great cleverness thought and made ways of fooling and getting even with the terrible  Datu .      When the  Datu  spotted  Pilandok  in the kingdom, he ordered the guards to capture  Pilandok , then the  Datu  placed a punishment upon him. The palace guards were doing so, but the weather was hot and the sea was far away.

At that lucky instant, a merchant was passing by so  Pilandok  thought quickly of a clever idea. He cried and cried saying he doesn’t want to be married to the  Datu’s  daughter.         The merchant approached  Pilandok  and offered to trade places with him. So the merchant freed  Pilandok , exchanged clothes with him, and went inside the cage. The guards only laughed at the merchant and they threw him into the deep blue sea.      After a few days,  Pilandok  returned to the kingdom, and the  Datu  was shocked.  Pilandok  explained that when the  Datu  ordered for him to be thrown into the sea,  Pilandok  rather landed in a kingdom under the sea! He also found out that the ruler of the Kingdom of  Maranaw  Sea was his long lost cousin, and who gave him lots and lots of riches.       Datu  Usman immediately ordered his guards to prepare a cage for him, inside of which he will be thrown into the kingdom at the bottom of the sea. What  Pilandok  did was he dove into the water, and when he surfaced, he was now carrying a beautiful giant pearl.

Scene 44

The  Datu  went inside his cage and ordered his guards to throw him into the sea. He just reminded his guards to pull the cage’s rope when it moved. When the roped suddenly stopped moving, the guards panicked. They pulled the rope and were shocked upon seeing that the  Datu  was almost dead. When the  Datu  awoke, he was mad and searched for  Pilandok . The clever  Pilandok  escaped once again, and had tricked once more the greedy  Datu

Scene 45