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WHERE 
                           ARE YOU 
                            FROM ?                        By: Gabrielle Aba

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There will be several new phrases and vocabulary for you to learn when you research early man. 
To get you started, here are four main vocabulary terms to get you started:

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Hominids is any member of the biological family Hominidae. These are the "great apes", 
living and extinct. At present there are humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.

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Fossils are the remains or traces of plants and animals that lived long ago.

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Artifacts is something made or given shape by humans, such as a tool or a work of art, 
especially an object of archaeological interest

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Hunter/gatherer  refers to how a group of people get their food. They find it growing wild or hunt 
and fish for it.

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About 3 Millions years ago, apes and early humans (hominids), first appeared.

Some of the earliest hominins are known as australopithecines. There were several different species 
of this group. Fossils show that they lived 4 millions to 3 millions years ago. One of the most famous 
fossil found is “Lucy” a partial skeleton found in Africa, Ethiopia. These bones are about 3 millions 
years old

The australopithecines had some apelike features. For example, their brains were much smaller than 
modern human brains. They could also climb trees easily. But, like humans, they walked on two feet.

The hurnan lineage
Australopithecus
afarensis
Horno erectus
Horno habilis
40 c rn
12 inches
Horno neandertha/ensis
Horno sapiens

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The stone Age is a period in prehistory during which early humans started using stones. Very early

humans lived in the Stone Age. To survive, early humans created stones and bones weapons and 
tools. These tools were used to kill and trap animals for food. Usually flint, to make tools and 
weapons. It is called the Stone Age because it is when early humans started using stones for tools 
and weapons. The Stone Age is considered to have begun about two million years ago, and ended 
sometime after the end of the last ice age, about ten thousand years ago. It is the earliest known culture of 
humans.

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A hunter gatherer is a person who lives in a society where food is collected by hunting wild animals or by 
searching for wild, edible plants. Another name for hunter/gatherers is a nomad.

Early humans discovered edible fruits and nuts when they left Africa and spread across the globe. Seeds and 
roots were collected. They mastered the art of catching fish. Spears, bows and arrows, nets, and even fish hooks 
were used for fishing. Some early humans constructed canoes and rafts to go out deeper into the water to catch 
larger fish as time passed.

They developed into skilled hunters. Hunters mostly targeted herd beasts like deer, woolly mammoths, and 
saber-toothed tigers. They hunted with bows and arrows with stone tips, stone spears, stone knives and axes, and 
snares and pits. To help feed themselves during the long, cold winters, early man learned how to smoke and 
preserve meat over time.

Man had to settle down and learn how to plant and harvest crops over a long period of time. Man has been a 
hunter and gatherer for millions of years.

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Traditional Inuit cuisine is referred to as "country food." Country food is often prepared with ingredients found in 
the northern landscape, such as marine life, birds, and land animals, as well as eggs, roots, and berries. For 
country food, the Inuit depend on harvesting, trapping, hunting, and fishing. The effort needed to obtain these 
ingredients keeps the Inuit healthy and prevents them from leading sedentary lives.

Food is important to the Inuit not only for survival, but also for their identity and culture. Gathering ingredients and 
preparing country food brings the group together and allows for the practice and transmission of practices to future 
generations. The Inuit use any part of the animal while hunting. Some pieces may be used for food, while others 
may be used for clothing (animals hides and fur), heating (seal oil), or making traditional tools (bones). The Inuit 
will thank the animal for providing sustenance and so many other functions to their group by using any aspect of 
the animal they hunt.

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Most Pygmy communities are partially hunter-gatherers, living partially but not exclusively on the wild products 
of their environment. They trade with neighbouring farmers to acquire cultivated foods and other material 
items. Gathering wild fruits and vegetables, fishing, and hunting monkeys and antelope are all part of their 
way of life. Their most distinguishing physical feature is their short stature. Some anthropologists believe the 
group's small size gave them an advantage in Africa's blazing hot hot and humid rainforests. Simply put, there 
is less body to cool down with, whether by sweating or other means. Some scientists, on the other hand, 
believe their prominence is purely coincidental.

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Aborigines roamed the continent as nomadic hunter-gatherers, adapting to a wide range of geographic and 
climatic conditions. Survival relied on a thorough understanding of the wildlife of their territory. They were 
physically fit and lean, and they ate a diverse diet that included a lot of animal foods. Despite this, the diet was low 
in fat, since wild animal corpses have very low fat content and the meat is highly lean for the majority of the year. 
The small fat depots and organ meats were consumed along with everything else on an animal's body. Women 
gathered plants, roots, spices, fruits and nuts, eggs and honey, as well as small land animals including snakes and 
goannas. Men hunted large land animals and birds, and they also worked together to organize large-scale hunting 
drives for Emu and Kangaroos.

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Humans are the product of evolutionary cycles that date back over 3.5 billion years to the dawn of life on Earth. We evolved new 
physical characteristics and behaviors over time, building on those we acquired from earlier primates, mammals, vertebrates, and 
the earliest living species. What it means to be human is how we became humans. As early humans adapted to a changing world, 
they evolved certain characteristics that help define our species today such as:

Walking up right: This allowed Humans get around much easier

Using tools: Humans used tools to hunt animals for food, and build homes.

Social life: Humans are able to meet the everyday demands of their societies by sharing food, caring for children, and forming 
social networks.

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children book

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Hunting & Gathering | Aborigine Culture    Aborigines

children book

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