Digestive system

undefined. Module 22.6: The Pancreas, Liver, and Gallbladder.

undefined. Overview of the Digestive System • Accessory organs – not part of alimentary canal but assist in digestion in some way; • located around alimentary canal; include –teeth, –tongue, –salivary glands, –liver, –gallbladder, and – pancreas – Food generally does not come into direct contact with accessory organs; teeth and tongue are exceptions.

[Audio] The Pancreas Pancreas – gland with both endocrine and exocrine functions (Figure 22.20) Endocrine secretions – hormones insulin and glucagon; affect most cells in body Exocrine secretions – – Enzymes secreted primarily by clusters of acinar cells – Released into ducts of pancreas that empty into alimentary canal.

[Audio] The Pancreas (4 of 7) Figure 22.20 Anatomy and histology of the pancreas..

[Audio] The Liver and Gallbladder (1 of 21) Pyramid-shaped liver is located in right upper quadrant just inferior to diaphragm surface; gallbladder is small sac on posterior side of liver; close anatomical and functional relationships (Figures 22.22– 22.26): Anatomy of liver – covered by thin connective tissue capsule and visceral peritoneum; composed of four lobes (Figure 22.22):.

[Audio] The Liver and Gallbladder Figure 22.22a Gross anatomy of the liver..

[Audio] The Liver and Gallbladder Figure 22.22b Gross anatomy of the liver..

[Audio] The Liver lobule. The Liver lobule.

[Audio] The Big Picture of Digestion Process and enzymes will be covered in the Lab..

[Audio] Diseases Of The Digestive System. DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

[Audio] Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (G-E-R-D-): Definition: Chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus causing irritation and inflammation. Symptoms: Heartburn regurgitation difficulty swallowing chest pain. Treatment: Lifestyle changes medications surgery in severe cases..

[Audio] Peptic Ulcer Disease: Definition: Sores in the lining of the stomach esophagus or small intestine often caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria or prolonged use of NSAIDs. Symptoms: Abdominal pain bloating nausea vomiting bleeding. Treatment: Antibiotics proton pump inhibitors antacids lifestyle modifications..

[Audio] Inflammatory Bowel Disease (I-B-D--): Definition: Chronic inflammation of the digestive tract including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Symptoms: Abdominal pain diarrhea rectal bleeding weight loss fatigue. Treatment: Anti-inflammatory drugs immunosuppressants biologics surgery in severe cases..

[Audio] Irritable Bowel Syndrome (I-B-S--): Definition: Functional disorder characterized by abdominal pain bloating and changes in bowel habits without evidence of structural abnormalities. Symptoms: Abdominal cramping diarrhea constipation gas bloating. Treatment: Dietary modifications stress management medications to alleviate symptoms..

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