PowerPoint Presentation

[Virtual Presenter] Good morning everyone. Today I'm going to be discussing Cerebrovascular Accident or C-V-A and its impacts on the body. We will look at the anatomy and physiology of the brain the etiology and risk factors of C-V-A the pathophysiology of C-V-A the symptoms and diagnostic evaluation of C-V-A the treatment modalities of C-V-A and the pre and post operative nursing management of CVA. So let us begin..

By the end of the session, the learner will be able; Describe the anatomy and physiology of Brain Define Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) Describe etiology and risk factors of CVA Illustrate the pathophysiology of CVA Point out the symptoms of CVA List down the diagnostic evaluation of CVA Explain the treatment modalities of CVA Explain pre and post operative nursing management of CVA.

[Audio] The human brain is an intricate organ that controls all vital autonomic and cognitive functions of the body. Composed of three main parts the cerebrum cerebellum and brain stem it is essential for everyday life. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for most of our memory language decision-making and creativity. The cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination and the brain stem is the connection between the spinal cord and the brain. A Cerebrovascular Accident (C-V-A--) also known as a stroke affects the supply of blood to the brain. This can cause brain cells to die and lead to loss of cognitive and physical ability. Let's discuss each part and the consequences of a Cerebrovascular Accident..

[Audio] A stroke also known as a cerebrovascular accident is a medical condition that occurs when the brain’s blood supply is suddenly disrupted. The most common symptoms of a stroke are difficulty with speech language and muscle control along with vision problems dizziness confusion and coordination difficulties. It is essential to get medical help immediately if any of these symptoms present. Stroke is caused by a disruption of the blood flow to the brain either caused by a blood clot blocking the blood vessels (ischemic stroke) or by a blood vessel rupturing and spilling blood into the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). Effects of stroke can be severe ranging from paralysis coma or even death. Treatment will depend on the type of stroke but the most important factor is early diagnosis and treatment..

[Audio] Cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke is a medical condition in which the blood supply to a certain area of the brain is interrupted damaging the brain cells or killing them. This can be caused by a blockage of a blood vessel or a hemorrhage. To prevent a stroke one should maintain a healthy lifestyle avoid smoking get regular physical activity eat a nutritious diet and keep cholesterol and blood pressure under control." A cerebrovascular accident or C-V-A commonly known as a stroke is a medical condition caused by the interruption of blood flow to a certain area of the brain. Without the necessary oxygen and nutrients brain cells can become damaged or even die. To reduce the risk of having a stroke it's important to take measures to lead a healthy lifestyle quit smoking get physical activity and maintain a healthy diet and cholesterol and blood pressure levels..

[Audio] Stroke also known as a cerebral vascular accident (C-V-A--) or a brain attack is a disruption in blood flow to cells in the brain. It can be triggered by a blockage or by a blood vessel in the brain leaking or rupturing. This results in an insufficient oxygen supply to brain cells which can lead to their death and alter the affected person’s physical and mental abilities. Signs of stroke can involve weakness or numbness on one side of the body disorientation difficulty talking and impaired vision in one or both eyes. It is imperative to recognize the symptoms of stroke and get medical help right away as immediate treatment can help reduce long-term effects..

[Audio] A cerebrovascular accident or C-V-A commonly referred to as stroke can have devastating consequences on people's health and well-being. It is estimated that approximately 12000 people in the U-A-E suffer a stroke every year and that approximately half of those affected are under the age of 45. Having a high rate of obesity and diabetes in the population are key contributing factors to the high prevalence of strokes. Many of these factors can be avoided by leading an active lifestyle eating a balanced diet and watching the intake of fats and salts. Understanding the risk factors of a stroke can be the difference between life and death..

[Audio] Cerebrovascular Accident" is a medical term used to describe a condition which affects the blood flow to the brain. This can be caused by a number of factors such as cerebral thrombosis cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral embolism. In cerebral thrombosis a blood clot or plaque blocks an artery that supplies a vital brain center. In cerebral hemorrhage or aneurysm an artery in the brain bursts weakening the aneurysm wall leading to a sudden and severe rise in blood pressure which can cause hemorrhage and ischemia. Lastly in a case of cerebral embolism a blood clot breaks off from a thrombus elsewhere in the body and lodges in a blood vessel in the brain cutting off the blood supply to that part of the brain..

[Audio] When it comes to cerebrovascular accidents or strokes there are several risk factors that could increase the likelihood of having one. These include being over the age of 55 being an African-American having diabetes and having a family history of stroke. Being aware of these risk factors can help you to take proactive steps to prevent a stroke from happening..

[Audio] Regarding cerebrovascular accident (stroke) it is mainly caused by either a lack of blood supply to the brain or a bleed in the brain. Its serious consequences include disabilities paralysis and even death which makes stroke one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Therefore it is a major area of research. Now let us examine the pathophysiology of stroke..

[Audio] Stroke is a major contributor to mortality among adults in the United States ranking fifth on the list. Circulatory problems such as narrowing or blockage of arteries high blood pressure and abnormal blood viscosity can be the cause of stroke or can raise the risk of stroke. Taking active measures to control these conditions may help reduce the risk of stroke..

[Audio] "A "cerebrovascular accident" is a medical term used to describe both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. An ischemic stroke occurs when one of the arteries supplying the brain with blood and oxygen is blocked resulting in a reduced blood flow to the brain. This type of stroke is the most common and accounts for around 85% of all strokes. A hemorrhagic stroke meanwhile is caused by a ruptured blood vessel in the brain resulting in bleeding within the brain. These types of strokes are much less common but are responsible for 30% of stroke-related deaths. It is important to be aware of the symptoms and risk factors of stroke as this can help to reduce the chances of having a stroke in the future..

[Audio] Cerebrovascular Accident or C-V-A is a term used to describe any interruptions in the flow of blood and/or oxygen to the brain. This includes transient ischemic attack reversible ischemic neurologic deficit stroke in evolution and completed stroke. The most severe of these is the completed stroke where symptoms of stroke are stable over a period and rehabilitation can begin. Recognizing and diagnosing C-V-A quickly is essential in order to take the necessary measures in a timely manner..

[Audio] Cerebrovascular accident or C-V-A can be classified into two main categories: embolism and thrombosis. Embolism is a sudden blockage of an artery by a clot and is usually associated with prior cardiovascular disease. Thrombosis involves the blockage of the brain's blood vessels and is usually accompanied by dizziness and memory loss but without pain. Cerebral hemorrhage is a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain and may present with symptoms such as ringing in the ears dizziness and severe headaches. Knowing the common signs of these various C-V-A types is important for early diagnosis and treatment..

[Audio] A cerebrovascular accident or C-V-A is a medical condition in which a blood vessel supplying the brain is either blocked or ruptured leading to a sudden loss of consciousness and other symptoms. Often referred to as a stroke this condition usually has a fast onset and may include a bright red face noisy and strained breathing and a slow but full and bounding pulse. Additionally the blood pressure may be higher than usual. In severe cases a person may go into a deep coma. Receiving treatment promptly is vital to prevent long-term complications so it is essential to be aware of the indications and symptoms of CVA..

[Audio] A cerebrovascular accident otherwise known as a stroke happens when one of the blood vessels that supplies the brain is blocked or ruptured. It can result in a range of symptoms varying between people and depending on the area of the brain that is affected. Signs to be aware of include paralysis or weakness to one side of the body vision changes numbness or tingling speech difficulties problems with swallowing memory loss vertigo inability to balance and coordinate changes in personality and mood drowsiness lethargy and loss of consciousness. If any of these appear it is essential to take medical help right away..

[Audio] As healthcare professionals it is essential to be aware of Cerebrovascular Accident and its possible symptoms. Recognizing the signs and symptoms quickly is key to preventing further complications and early diagnosis and treatment is the best way to ensure a successful recovery. To diagnose the condition correctly doctors use a combination of methods such as taking a medical history performing a physical examination lab tests and radiography. Knowing the signs and symptoms as well as the appropriate methods of diagnosis is the best way to ensure that the patient receives adequate care..

[Audio] Doctor will ask the patient to describe the symptoms when and how the condition started as well as how the symptoms have changed over time. Questions about any other medical problems the patient and their family members have had and medications the patient is taking will also be asked in order to make an accurate diagnosis and better understand the impact the disease has on the patient’s life..

[Audio] A Cerebrovascular Accident (C-V-A--) is a medical emergency that needs urgent treatment. Symptoms of a C-V-A may include facial drooping weakness or numbness of one arm and slurring of speech. To quickly identify a C-V-A remember the mnemonic 'ACT fast': 'F' check for asymmetry in the person's face when they try to smile; 'A' ask them to raise both arms and see if one is weaker than the other; 'S' ask them to repeat a phrase and see if the speech is slurred; 'T' if any of these symptoms are present call 999 right away..

[Audio] Discussion will focus on cerebrovascular accidents also referred to as strokes. These are caused by the obstruction or diminished flow of blood to a particular region of the brain. The cells in this area may be irreparably damaged or destroyed when left untreated. If the stroke is resolved rapidly enough the symptoms may be reversed. Conversely long-lasting strokes can lead to irreversible harm and even fatality. Paying attention to the warning signs of a stroke is paramount to prevent far-reaching consequences..

[Audio] Exploring cerebrovascular accident (C-V-A--) is the aim today. A CVA is caused by a blockage in a brain vessel leading to a disruption of oxygen supply and thus brain damage. To detect the effect of a C-V-A on the brain imaging tests such as MRI CT and C-A-T scans as well as M-R-A or cerebral angiograpghy are carried out. These tests assist in diagnosing and treating C-V-A-s by identifying edema ischemia necrosis vessel ruptures and other abnormalities..

[Audio] Thrombolytic therapy is a medical treatment used to break down blood clots in the brain that are causing a stroke. Numerous medications such as heparin warfarin ticlopidine clopidogre phenytoin and gabapentin are used in this type of therapy. However the most effective treatment for ischemic strokes is Tissue Plasminogen Activator also known as Alteplase IV r-tPA. This treatment is the only FDA-approved drug and must be administered within three hours of the stroke or up to four-and-a-half hours in certain eligible patients. It is a very effective treatment and can help reduce the risk and severity of a stroke..

[Audio] We are discussing Cerebrovascular Accidents or strokes. Endovascular procedure or thrombectomy is one important treatment option. It involves threading a catheter through an artery in the groin up to the blocked artery in the brain in order to physically remove a large blood clot. A stent is used to open the area and grab the clot and either the stent and the clot are removed or suction tubes are used. This procedure needs to be done within six hours of acute stroke symptoms after a patient has received alteplase and only if the patient meets the necessary criteria..

[Audio] A cerebrovascular accident is caused by a rupture or blockage to the blood vessels in the brain and is a medical emergency. An endovascular procedure a minimally invasive procedure where a catheter is inserted into the arm or leg and using imaging technology guided into the brain is a potential treatment. Once at the source of the bleeding a mechanical agent – like a coil – is deposited to prevent further damage. In some cases surgery is needed to secure a blood vessel at the base of the aneurysm to help limit the damage caused by a CVA..

[Audio] Regarding Cerebrovascular Accident or C-V-A taking steps to ensure a patent airway and monitoring for signs of increased intracranial pressure is essential. Additionally elevating the patient's head should be done to lower intracranial pressure while also promoting venous drainage. Seizure precautions must be taken and communication skills should be facilitated in the event speech is impaired. To provide the best care for the patient maintaining a non-stimulating environment should be prioritized..

[Audio] Good morning everyone. Today I will talk about Cerebrovascular Accident. As we all know it can be very difficult for a patient with this condition to eat safely. Thus it is important to assess the patient's swallowing reflexes and to thicken liquids to avoid aspiration. Additionally the patient should eat in an upright position and swallow with the head and neck flexed slightly forward. Food should be placed in the back of the mouth on the unaffected side. Suction should always be kept on standby. Lastly active and passive range of motion exercises should be carried out every two hours. Thank you..

[Audio] Good morning everyone. In this slide we will be discussing the interventions that can be implemented to take care of a patient who has had a cerebrovascular accident. Firstly we need to elevate the affected extremities to promote venous return and reduce swelling. Secondly we must maintain a safe environment to reduce the risks of falls. We should also use a scanning technique or turning the head from side to side while eating and ambulating to compensate for hemianopsia. Furthermore we must provide care to prevent deep-vein thrombosis such as the use of sequential compression stockings and frequent position changes and to promote mobility. Finally we must also administer any medications prescribed by the doctor..

[Audio] Cerebrovascular accident commonly known as a stroke is when a medical issue affects the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain. It is a life-threatening medical emergency since it can cause disability or death if not managed promptly. Common symptoms include having numbness or paralysis on one side of the body issues speaking or understanding confusion and difficulties with vision and balance. Treatment includes taking medicines altering lifestyle and surgery. It is essential to seek medical aid as early as possible to identify the appropriate way to manage it. These references offer more detailed information about stroke which includes its causes manifestations and treatments..

Thank You. The Head and the Heart: Hemodynamic Derangement in Isolated TBI — Taming the SRU.