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[Audio] CRUSADES BY DAKSH NEGI. CRUSADES. BY DAKSH NEGI.

[Audio] ABOUT THE CRUSADES There were at least eight crusades from 1096 - 1571. The first crusade lasted from 1096 to 1099. The second crusade began in 1147 and ended in 1149. The third crusade started in 1189 and was concluded in 1192. The fourth crusade got underway in 1202 and ended in 1204. The fifth crusade lasted from 1217 until 1221. The sixth crusade occurred in 1228–29. The seventh crusade began in 1248 and ended in 1254. And the eighth crusade took place in 1270. There were also smaller crusades against dissident christian sects within europe, including the albigensian crusade (1209–29). The so-called people's crusade occurred in response to pope urban ii's call for the first crusade, and the children's crusade took place in 1212..

[Audio] Purpose of crusade Their primary objectives were to stop the expansion of Muslim states, to reclaim for Christianity the Holy Land in the Middle East, and to recapture territories that had formerly been Christian. Many participants also believed that undertaking what they saw as holy war was a means of redemption and a way of achieving expiation of sins..

[Audio] The success and failure of all crusades 1- With Kilij Arslan absent, a Frankish attack and Byzantine naval assault during the Siege of Nicaea in June 1097 resulted in an initial crusader victory. 2-In the end, the crusade in the east was a failure. 3-The Christians in the Holy Land were simply too weak to withstand a concerted Muslim advance without help from the continent. 4- Failure. the crusaders who participated never reached Jerusalem or the Holy Land 5- the verge of success, the Fifth Crusade failed largely because of divided leadership and the frequently unwise decisions of Pelagius. 6-the Crusade of Frederick II, was a military expedition to recapture Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land. 7-It initially met with success but ended in defeat. 8-This effectively ended destroyed what was left of the Ayyubids..