Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence. Grows faster than you think.

In this Session. Definition. 3. History. 2. Introduction.

Introduction. 1. [image]. What is Intelligence?. Intelligence Intelligence can be defined in many different ways like logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, planning, creativity and problem solving.

Introduction. 1. [image]. What is Intelligence?. 1.The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills 2. In Police or military- the collection of information about enemy or any other information..

Human Intelligence. [image]. The brain has always been considered the main inspiration for the field of artificial intelligence(AI). Attention:-What brain mechanisms allow us to focus on a specific task Episodic Memory:-remember autobiographical events such as events or places Continual Learning:-the ability to learn new tasks without forgetting previous knowledge. Imagination and Planning:-the ability of humans to forecast and think about the future Inference:- its ability to learn new concepts by drawing inspiration from previous knowledge.

What are the reasons for AI and Machine Learning are getting popular now??.

Introduction. 1. [image]. [image] 1,979 . This is a 250 MB hard drive. It weighed about 550 lbs, and costs tens of thousands of dollars..

Introduction. 1. [image]. Crowds watching the pope in St. Peter's Square in 2005 and 2013. Notice anything different?.

You must have heard of the news that computer defeated World champion players in many games.

Introduction. 1. The Chinese game “GO”. [image]. [image].

Introduction. 1. [image]. [image] ALPHAGO. AlphaGo is a computer program that plays the board game Go. It was developed by Alphabet Inc.'s Google DeepMind in London..

Introduction. 1. Existence of AI in real world??.

Introduction. 1. Existence of AI in real world??.

In 1950, English Mathematician Alan Turing wrote a landmark paper titled “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” that asked the Questions : “Can Machine think ?”.

History of A1 Evolution of Artificial neurons 1987-1993 Second A1 Winer Turing Machine 1997 IBM Deep blue : first computer to beat a world chess champion Birth of A1: Dartmouth Conference A1 in Home: Roomba First Chatboat : ELIZA 2011 IBM s Watson : Wins a quiz show Intellgence Robot : WABOT -1 2012 Google now First A1 winer 2014 Chatbot Eugene Goostman:Wines a "Turing test Expert Ststem 2015 Amazon Echo.

Definition. 3. Artificial Intelligence is composed of two words Artificial and Intelligence, where Artificial defines "man-made," and intelligence defines "thinking power", hence AI means "a man-made thinking power.".

Definition. 3. In computer science, Artificial Intelligence, sometimes called machine intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans..

Definition. 3. The Study of Computer System that attempt to model and apply the intelligence of the human mind. A Branch of Computer Science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behaviour in computers..

Definition. 3. The central goals of AI are for computers to have: Reasoning Knowledge Planning Learning Natural language processing Perception Ability to move or manipulate objects In simpler terms the goal is to create a computer that is as intelligent and functionable as a human being..

To achieve the above factors for a machine or software Artificial Intelligence requires the following discipline:.

Why Artificial Intelligence?. With the help of AI, you can create such software or devices which can solve real-world problems very easily and with accuracy such as health issues, marketing, traffic issues, etc. With the help of AI, you can create your personal virtual Assistant, such as Cortana, Google Assistant, Siri, etc. With the help of AI, you can build such Robots which can work in an environment where survival of humans can be at risk. AI opens a path for other new technologies, new devices, and new Opportunities..

Types of AI. Based on Capabilities. Based on functionality.

Types of AI. AI type-1: Based on Capabilities. 1. Weak AI or Narrow AI: Narrow AI is a type of AI which is able to perform a dedicated task with intelligence.The most common and currently available AI is Narrow AI in the world of Artificial Intelligence. Narrow AI cannot perform beyond its field or limitations, as it is only trained for one specific task. Hence it is also termed as weak AI. Narrow AI can fail in unpredictable ways if it goes beyond its limits. Apple Siriis a good example of Narrow AI, but it operates with a limited pre-defined range of functions. Some Examples of Narrow AI are playing chess, purchasing suggestions on e-commerce site, self-driving cars, speech recognition, and image recognition..

Types of AI. 2. AI type-1: Based on Capabilities.

Types of AI. 2. Types of Artificial Intelligence.

Types of AI. 2. Type-2: Based on functionality. 1. Reactive Machines Purely reactive machines are the most basic types of Artificial Intelligence. Such AI systems do not store memories or past experiences for future actions. These machines only focus on current scenarios and react on it as per possible best action. IBM's Deep Blue system is an example of reactive machines. Google's AlphaGo is also an example of reactive machines..

Types of AI. 2. Type-2: Based on functionality. 2. Limited Memory Limited memory machines can store past experiences or some data for a short period of time. These machines can use stored data for a limited time period only. Self-driving cars are one of the best examples of Limited Memory systems. These cars can store recent speed of nearby cars, the distance of other cars, speed limit, and other information to navigate the road..

Types of AI. 2. Type-2: Based on functionality. 3. Theory of Mind Theory of Mind AI should understand the human emotions, people, beliefs, and be able to interact socially like humans. This type of AI machines are still not developed, but researchers are making lots of efforts and improvement for developing such AI machines..

Types of AI. 2. Type-2: Based on functionality. 4. Self-Awareness Self-awareness AI is the future of Artificial Intelligence. These machines will be super intelligent, and will have their own consciousness, sentiments, and self-awareness. These machines will be smarter than human mind. Self-Awareness AI does not exist in reality still and it is a hypothetical concept..

Types of AI systems. 2. Artificial intelligence can be classified into three different types of systems.

Types of AI systems. 2. 1.Analytical Artificial intelligence.

Types of AI systems. 2. 2. Human Inspired Artificial intelligence.

Types of AI systems. 2. 3.Humanized Artificial intelligence.

Artificial General Intelligence. 2. Artificial General Intelligence.

AI have taken many shapes and forms over recent years.

Siri is a virtual assistant that is part of Apple Inc.'s iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, macOS, tvOS and audioOS operating systems. The assistant uses voice queries and a natural-language user interface to answer questions, make recommendations, and perform actions by delegating requests to a set of Internet services.

Google Assistant is an artificial intelligence-powered virtual assistant developed by Google that is primarily available on mobile and smart home devices. Unlike the company's previous virtual assistant, Google Now, the Google Assistant can engage in two-way conversations..

Current Status. 4. Cortana is a virtual assistant created by Microsoft for Windows 10, Windows 10 Mobile, Windows Phone 8.1, Invoke smart speaker, Microsoft Band, Surface Headphones, Xbox One, iOS, Android, Windows Mixed Reality, and Amazon Alexa.

Current Status. 4. Google Home. [image]. Amazon Alexa.

Current Status. 4. AI has been used to develop and advance numerous fields and industries, including finance, healthcare, education, transportation, and more..

How it Works. Neural Networks. A neural network is a method in artificial intelligence that teaches computers to process data in a way that is inspired by the human brain. Research in neurology had shown that the brain was an electrical network of neurons that fired in all-or-nothing pulses. Analyzed networks of idealized artificial neurons showed how simple logical functions c0uld be performed by thinking machines.

How it Works. An agent can be anything that perceive its environment through sensors and act upon that environment through actuators. An Agent runs in the cycle of perceiving, thinking, and acting. An agent can be: Human-Agent: A human agent has eyes, ears, and other organs which work for sensors and hand, legs, vocal tract work for actuators. Robotic Agent: A robotic agent can have cameras, infrared range finder, NLP for sensors and various motors for actuators. Software Agent: Software agent can have keystrokes, file contents as sensory input and act on those inputs and display output on the screen..

How it Works. [image] Sensors Perce ts Effectors Environment Actions.

How it Works. Intelligent Agent. Intelligent Agents is a program or software installed in machine which perceives (or observes or senses) its environment through sensors , thinks intelligently and acts upon that environment through its actuators.

How it Works. Mapping a percept to action. Implementation of agent function (by using some programming language).

How it Works. PEAS Representation. PEAS is a type of model on which an AI agent works upon. When we define an AI agent, then we can group its properties under PEAS representation model. It is made up of four words:.

How it Works. Performance measures Safe, Fast, Legal, Comfortable trip , maximize profits Environment Roads, Other Traffic, Pedestrians, Customers, road signs Actuators Steering wheel, accelerator, Brake, Signal, Horn Sensors Cameras, Sonar, Speedometer, GPS, Odometer, Engine Sensors, Key Board.

How it Works. Performance measures Healthy Patient, Minimize costs Environment Patient Hospital Staff Actuators Screen Display (Questions, tests, diagnoses, treatments, referrals ) Sensors Keyboard (Entry of Symptoms, findings, Patients answers ).

How it Works. Expert system. A piece of software which uses database of expert knowledge to offer advice or make decisions in such areas as medical diagnosis, account, coding, games etc..

How it Works. EXPERT SYSTEM. [image] KnowJedlje from expert Konexpett use,' Query . Advice : Expert System Inference Knowledge Base.