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[Audio] Animal models are used extensively in cancer research to study the behavior of tumors and understand their interactions with the host organism. These models can be broadly categorized into two types: in vitro and in vivo. In vitro models involve cell cultures that mimic the characteristics of human tumors, while in vivo models involve living organisms such as mice or rats that have been genetically modified to develop tumors. Both types of models have their advantages and disadvantages. In vitro models offer a controlled environment where researchers can easily manipulate variables and test hypotheses, but they lack the complexity of real-world tumors. In vivo models, on the other hand, more closely resemble the natural environment of tumors, allowing for more accurate predictions of tumor growth and response to treatment. However, in vivo models also come with significant challenges, including ethical considerations and the need for specialized equipment and facilities. Despite these challenges, both types of models have proven to be invaluable in advancing our understanding of cancer biology and developing effective treatments..

[Audio] The animal experiment is an important bridge between cell experiment and clinical experiment. Under certain conditions, the occurrence and development of animal diseases are similar to that of human beings, and animals have similar anatomy, physiology and heredity to human beings. Therefore, animal models are often used to study human diseases. In cancer research, the use of animal models can help us understand the genetic basis of cancer and the role of specific genes and gene mutations in the development of cancer. This understanding can facilitate the development and testing of antineoplastic drugs. With the continuous development of precision medicine and personalized medicine, researchers are looking for standardized and personalized tumor models that are more similar to human tumors. There are many different types of animals and various construction methods used to construct cancer animal models. Each animal model has its own unique characteristics..

[Audio] The use of animal models in cancer research has been extensively studied. The models are categorized into two groups: small and large animals. Small animals include mice, zebrafish, and other species that are ideal for studying the early stages of cancer. Large animals, including monkeys, dogs, and rabbits, are more suitable for investigating the progression of cancer. Other models, such as those induced by chemical means or through tumor transplantation, are also utilized. Additionally, genetically engineered models, such as the CDX model, are employed to study cancer. Models like xenotransplantation and PDX models are also used to investigate cancer development and progression. Researchers can create specific cancer models by manipulating the oncogene and inactivating the tumor suppressor gene. These models provide valuable tools for understanding the complex mechanisms of cancer and for developing new treatments. By using these models, researchers can gain insights into the biology of cancer and improve our understanding of the disease. This knowledge can be used to develop new therapies and improve patient outcomes. By studying these models, researchers can better understand how cancer develops and progresses, and how they can effectively combat the disease. Understanding these models is crucial for advancing our knowledge of cancer and developing effective treatments..

[Audio] The human body contains a type of stem cell called Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells, which have the ability to differentiate into various types of blood cells. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether these cells could be used to treat diseases caused by defective blood cells. To achieve this, scientists injected Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells into mice whose bone marrow had been damaged. The goal was to see if the injection would allow the mice to produce healthy blood cells. The results showed that the mice were able to produce normal red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This suggests that Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells may be a viable treatment option for certain diseases..

[Audio] The humanized mouse model of the human immune system is a mouse model that reconstructs the human immune system by implanting human hematopoietic cells, lymphocytes or tissues into immunodeficient mice. This allows researchers to study tumor growth in the environment of the human immune system and evaluate anti-tumor therapy, particularly immunotherapy and its mechanisms. A range of human tumor cell lines has been successfully established in these models, including lymphoma, glioma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer. These models enable researchers to investigate how different components of the human immune system interact with tumors, and how various treatments affect tumor growth and response. By studying these interactions, scientists can gain insights into the underlying biology of cancer and develop more effective therapies. The humanized mouse models of the immune system are categorized based on the type of human cells used to recreate the immune system. These include the Hu-BLT model, which uses human bone marrow, liver, and thymus cells; the Hu-HSCs model, which utilizes human hematopoietic stem cells; and the Hu-PBL model, which employs human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Each of these models provides unique opportunities for researchers to explore the complex relationships between the immune system and tumors. By understanding these relationships, scientists can design more targeted and effective treatments for cancer patients..

[Audio] We know that in order to study the development of various cancers, it's essential to have a model that closely resembles the human condition. The zebrafish cancer model is one that has gained significant attention in recent years. One of the key advantages of this model is that the genomes of zebrafish are remarkably similar to those of humans. This similarity provides a strong foundation for studying the progression of various cancers. Compared to the commonly used mouse models, the zebrafish model offers several unique benefits. Firstly, zebrafish are relatively small in size, which makes them easier to maintain and less expensive than larger models. They also reproduce quickly, allowing researchers to conduct multiple experiments in a shorter amount of time. Furthermore, the transparent embryos of zebrafish enable scientists to observe and track the growth, spread, and metastasis of cancer cells in real-time, providing valuable insights into the disease progression. Additionally, transgenic zebrafish and immunodeficient zebrafish remain transparent even after adulthood, allowing researchers to continue studying the cancer cells. The ease of gene operation in zebrafish, as they are fertilized in vitro, makes it simpler to establish transgenic animal models. Various zebrafish cancer models have been developed using different approaches, including transgenic, genome editing, xenotransplantation, and drug-induced toxic damage. These models offer a promising tool for cancer research, providing valuable information that can inform the development of new treatments and therapies. We will discuss the details of these models and their applications. Thank you. Next. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references provided. We hope this information is helpful. We look forward to your questions. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references provided. We hope this information is helpful. We look forward to your questions. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references provided. We hope this information is helpful. We look forward to your questions. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references provided. We hope this information is helpful. We look forward to your questions. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references provided. We hope this information is helpful. We look forward to your questions. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references provided. We hope this information is helpful. We look forward to your questions. Do you have any questions? This concludes our presentation on Animal Models in Cancer Research. Thank you for your attention. We appreciate your interest in this topic. Next. Further reading on this topic is available in the references.

[Audio] The company has been working on a new project for several years, but it has not yet reached its full potential. The project involves developing a new type of aircraft that can fly at high speeds and maneuverability. The company's engineers have made significant progress in designing the aircraft's aerodynamics and propulsion systems. However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed in order to make the project successful. Despite these challenges, the company remains committed to completing the project and achieving its goals. The company's leadership team has been working closely with the engineering team to identify and overcome the obstacles. They have also been exploring alternative solutions to address the challenges. The company's vision is to create a revolutionary new aircraft that will change the way people travel and do business. The company's engineers have been testing the aircraft's performance using advanced computer simulations and wind tunnel tests. The results so far have been promising, indicating that the aircraft could potentially achieve speeds of over 500 miles per hour. However, further testing and validation are needed to confirm these findings. The company is currently seeking funding to support the completion of the project. The funding will be used to finalize the design and development of the aircraft, as well as conduct additional testing and validation. The company is confident that with the right funding, they can complete the project successfully and bring the new aircraft to market..