Name: Presentation
Uploaded: 2022-05-23
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Description: Hello everyone. I am Andleeb Kiran and this is the " trends in bio-energy technology" course..

[Audio] Hello everyone. I am Andleeb Kiran and this is the " trends in bio-energy technology" course.. 

Scene 1

Microbial  Fuel-Cells Electricity Production from Carbohydrates

Submitted by: ANDLEEB  KIRAN Department of Material Science and Engineering

Chonnam National University. Content. Trends in Bioenergy Technology. 

Scene 2

Introduction Purpose of  M aking the Microbial  F uel  C ell General Principle Elementary Demonstration of a Fuel  C ell Microbial Reduction of the Fuel  C ell Experimental Method Procedure for the Discharge of the Cell Results C onclusion

[Audio] The content is taken from these two manuscripts. They cover the topic of electricity generation by microorganisms. Electricity generation by microorganisms is a fascinating idea. Studies have greatly advanced our understanding of microbial electricity generation. Today we will see how a microbial fuel cell is assembled and works to generate electricity.. 

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Electricity generation by
microorganisms
Microbial electrcrhemistry provides many opportunities for promoting an interdisciplinary approach
in science teaching. perhaps in an integrated science course. Simple experiments to demonstrate
microbial generation of electricity are described which can be carried out with relatively
unsophisticated equipment, and a guide to more advancexf project work is presented.
Introduction
The electrical activity of micro,
organisms is a fascinating and
instructive area Of science.
Although much work remains to
at the
elucidate the Che r" is try and
Of phenomena.
recent studies Of microbial fuel
v e advanced our
understanding of microbial
electricity generation (Bennetto.
1984. 1987. 19M)).
Demonstrations Of microbial
electricity devices fail to
capture the imagination Of
and the intention Of this
paper is to a guide to
relatively simple e Xperin.entS
which in a
or high laboratory, In some
countries. notably the UK. recent
licies in secondary education
failed to deter a traditional
tendency for students sinycializing
in biological science to veer away
and physics (and
there remains a need to
de- the Se sub] e Cts _
Expo r has that
s h those
not only
the curiosity Of students in
its relation to
basic scienc
but encourage a
more general flexibility of scientific
thinking in their interpretation.
H.P Bennetto
Department of Chemistry,
Kings College (Kensington
C H ill
London WB IAH. 0K.
This article first in:
pp 163-168. 1990.
1 Press plc.
In the account which follows.
some over•simplincation Of the
basic
and
microbiological principles is
perhaps inevitable. and Where
reference Should be
to texts and
and
Of the
Microbial metabolism and
ctricity genera no n
When living creatures metabolize
food to provide them with energy.
they are tapping the energy Of
oxidation Of energy - rich
rich) substances from
carbohydrates for example. in
reactions
In the living cell (or in single-celled
micro-organism. on which we
focus our attention) this is
Of Course a complex one involving
enzyme - reactions.
It progresses through a Series Of
quinones) involving Successive
in this t
m bles
it
The
energetics of metabolism are of
fundamental importance in areas
such as nutrition. and have inspired
evocative the " fire Of
life" but that ¯ fire" is that
is initially
vvithout Of
its by
enzymatic reactions, The electrons
are stored as intermediates which
reduced. and in State
they are used to fuel the reactions
which provide the living cell with
energy for maintenarre and growth
Via bio •synthetic reactions. The
" Sin k "
molecular (dioxygen) _ TO
an electrochemist.
a sit" pl i fied
p Of the charge
n involved in the
oxidation Of by a whole
bacterial cell as follows:
C H O. 6CO
24H• 24e
The large harvest Of electrons is
stored as reduced intermediates.
but the eventual terminus in the
respiratory chain is oxygen:
60 24H• 24e 121-1.0
Shows that equations (2)
to the
Intervention or mediators
In the absence of oxygen. electrons
may be diverted from the
respiratory chain by an oxidation•
reduction ) mediator.
Which enters the outer
reduced. and
in the state.
mediator
the ¯ sto
(w-hich beco
and they
electric current driven around an
external circuit. TO complete this
circuit a second (positive.
oxidizing) electrode is required
Which is again the electron Sink. but
is external to the biological
SYStem_ The oxidizing material
be but it iS more
to a
Solid oxidizing reagent
ferricyanide
National Centre for Biotechnology Educa tion. The University of Reading mwv.ncbe.reading.ac.uk

The Humana press Inc.
93/3
Microbial Fuel-Cells
Electricity Production from Carbohydrates
ROBIN m. ALLEN AND H. PETER BENNETTO•
Bioelectrochemistry and Biosensors Group,
King 's College (University of London),
Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH, (JK
ABSTRACT
Microbial fuel cells containing Proteus vulgaris and oxidation-
reduction ("redox") mediators were investigated. The bacteria were
chemically immobilized onto the surface of graphite felt electrodes,
which supported production of continuous electric current and could
be reused after storage. A computer-controlled carbohydrate feed
system enabled the cell to generate a constant output with improved
efficiency compared to the performance Obtained with single large
additions of fuel. The response to additions of substrate when immo-
bilized bacteria were used was faster than that achieved with freely
suspended organisms. This is attributed to the advantageous mass-
transfer kinetics resulting from the proximity Of the immobilized
bacteria and the electrode surface.
Index Entries: Microbial fuel cell; mediator; immobilization;
computer control; bioanode.
INTRODUCTION
In parallel with a renewed interest in conventional fuel cells, the bio-
fuel cell has recently attracted attention as a means of interfacing a biolog-
iCal energy source with conventional electrochemical technology (1—5).
The 'direct" microbial fuel cell (see Fig. I) is particularly promising, since
it Can be used to extract electrons from oxidation Of a naturally occurring
fuel, such as a carbohydrate with high efficiency. The mode Of action of
• Author to whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.
Applied Bbchemistry and Biotechnology
27
vol. 39/40. 1993

[Audio] Microbial fuel cells convert chemical energy stored in carbohydrates to electric energy using microorganisms. These fuel cells can be used to solve many problems such as organic waste management problems. If the waste is added to the cell, microbes will feed on it, oxidize the organic substance and turn it into electricity giving out a clean byproduct, water. Moreover, it is a biological energy source and doesn't release harmful gases into the environment. This way it can be a source of renewable and clean energy.. 

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Purpose of Microbial fuel cells: Link bio-energy source and conventional electrochemical energy Can replace non-renewable energy source Can solve organic waste disposal problem

Sustainable and clean treatment of industrial wastewater with microbial  fuel cell - ScienceDirect

Microbial fuel cells use microbial catabolism(electron) to generate electricity

Converting waste water into clean water using microbial fuel cell

[Audio] Let's first see what is the general principle of the method.
Every organism utilize the energy trapped in an electron-rich substance, carbohydrate. As a result of oxidation of this energy-rich substance, energy is liberated which is used by the living organism fo, which the living organism organisms, the process is more complex and involves many enzyme-catalyzed reactions. It involves successive oxidation-reduction changes and in this respect resembles an electrochemical process. In normal microbial catabolism, carbohydrates are initially broken in the absence of oxygen. Hence electrons are stored as intermediates and can be used to fuel the life processes. Ultimately oxygen acts as an " electron sink" and takes up all the electrons completing the reaction. This principle is used for microbial fuel cells. Here, a mediator is added to the solution, which takes the intermediate electrons to the cathode. Since the mediator becomes negatively charged after interaction with the anode, they act as negative charges moving around the cell, hence, producing electricity. The oxidizing (Positive) electrode acts as the electron sink. The oxidizing agent used is a simple oxidizing agent such as potassium ferricyanide. The current generated is detected by a microammeter.. 

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In microbial catabolism, electrons are released anaerobically and stored as intermediates C 6 H 12 O 6   +6H 2 O   →  6CO 2   + 24  H +  + 24  e− Ultimately, oxygen reduces them 6O 2 +  24 H +  + 24 e − → 12H 2 O Same principle is used in bio-fuel cell A mediator takes up electrons before their oxidation the to cathode.

Presentation

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I am Andleeb Kiran and this is the "trends in bio-energy technology" course.

avatar

The content is taken from these two manuscripts.

They cover the topic of electricity generation by microorganisms.

Electricity generation by microorganisms is a fascinating idea.

Studies have greatly advanced our understanding of microbial electricity generation.

Today we will see how a microbial fuel cell is assembled and works to generate electricity.

Microbial fuel cells convert chemical energy stored in carbohydrates to electric energy using microorganisms.

These fuel cells can be used to solve many problems such as organic waste management problems.

If the waste is added to the cell, microbes will feed on it, oxidize the organic substance and turn it into electricity giving out a clean byproduct, water.

Moreover, it is a biological energy source and doesn't release harmful gases into the environment.

This way it can be a source of renewable and clean energy.

Let's first see what is the general principle of the method.

Every organism utilize the energy trapped in an electron-rich substance, carbohydrate.

As a result of oxidation of this energy-rich substance, energy is liberated which is used by the living organism fo, which the living organism organisms, the process is more complex and involves many enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

It involves successive oxidation-reduction changes and in this respect resembles an electrochemical process.

In normal microbial catabolism, carbohydrates are initially broken in the absence of oxygen.

Hence electrons are stored as intermediates and can be used to fuel the life processes.

Ultimately oxygen acts as an "electron sink" and takes up all the electrons completing the reaction.

This principle is used for microbial fuel cells.

Here, a mediator is added to the solution, which takes the intermediate electrons to the cathode.

Since the mediator becomes negatively charged after interaction with the anode, they act as negative charges moving around the cell, hence, producing electricity.

The oxidizing (Positive) electrode acts as the electron sink.

The oxidizing agent used is a simple oxidizing agent such as potassium ferricyanide.

The current generated is detected by a microammeter.