Energy Dynamics Around Us

Adhvvay kalra S5 D. Energy Dynamics Around Us. abstract.

Autotrophs Autotrophs are known as producers because they are able to make their own food from raw materials and energy. Examples include plants, algae, and some types of bacteria ..

Heterotrophs Heterotrophs are organisms which cannot prepare their own food and depend upon producers or green plants and other animals for the food All the non-green plants and animals, inclusive of human beings, are the examples of heterotrophs..

AUTOTROPHS AND HETEROTROPHS USE DIFFERENT STRATEGIES TO TIDE OVER THEIR ENERGY NEEDS.

Autotrophs . Autotrophs, store chemical energy in carbohydrate food molecules they build themselves. Food is chemical energy stored in organic molecules. Food provides both the energy to do work and the carbon to build bodies. Because most autotrophs transform sunlight to make food, we call the process they use photosynthesis . Only three groups of organisms - plants, algae, and some bacteria - are capable of this life-giving energy transformation. Autotrophs make food for their own use, but they make enough to support other life as well. Almost all other organisms depend absolutely on these three groups for the food they produce. The producers , as autotrophs are also known, begin food chains which feed all life. Food chains will be discussed in the " Food Chains and Food Webs " concept..

Heterotrophs Heterotrophs cannot make their own food, so they must eat or absorb it. For this reason, heterotrophs are also known as consumers. Consumers include all animals and fungi and many protists and bacteria. They may consume autotrophs or other heterotrophs or organic molecules from other organisms. Heterotrophs show great diversity and may appear far more fascinating than producers . But heterotrophs are limited by our utter dependence on those autotrophs that originally made our food. If plants, algae, and autotrophic bacteria vanished from earth, animals, fungi, and other heterotrophs would soon disappear as well. All life requires a constant input of energy. Only autotrophs can transform that ultimate, solar source into the chemical energy in food that powers life ..

ENERGY FLOW THROUGH A FOOD CHAIN. Food Chain Energy Flow.

ENERGY FLOW The chemical energy of food is the main source of energy required by all living organisms. This energy is transmitted to different trophic levels along the food chain. This energy flow is based on two different laws of thermodynamics : a. First law of thermodynamics, that states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only change from one form to another . b. Second law of thermodynamics, that states that as energy is transferred more and more of it is wasted..

mum 3*NS uw,1SNo) NMR) bUOHS5W5 INVId. FOOD CHAIN There are basically three different types of food chains in the ecosystem, namely – Grazing food chain (GFC) – This is the normal food chain that we observe in which plants are the producers and the energy flows from the producers to the herbivores (primary consumers), then to carnivores (secondary consumers) and so on . Saprophytic or Detritus food chain (DFC) – In this type of food chain, the dead organic matter occupies the lowermost level of the food chain, followed by the decomposers and so on. Parasitic food chain (PFC) – In this type of food chain, large organisms either the producer or the consumer is exploited and therefore the food passes to the smaller organism..

The three R's stands for: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle ..

'WAYS TO REDUCE 'WASTE SHOP AND BUY IN BULK Shop for products that use less packaging a list to purchases _ This will reduce waste and save you money! SAVE AND REUSE CONTAINERS Save ernpty food jars and reusable Container S to store leftovers, items. tools. aft items BE CREATIVE WITH GIFTS'WRAPPING Create SOrnethir•g O r give a experience to avoid waste. use Old newspaper. catalogs. or calendars for a Creative Wrapping REQUEST PAPERLESS BILLING Save p and t in. e by paying your bills online. USE RECHARGABLE BATTERIES Save rooney and avoid waste by buying rechargeable batterie SWITCH TO REUSABLES bottles. stravvs. and utensils by bringing #BYOLBC carnpaign mere..

REUSE: It makes economic and environmental sense to reuse products. Sometimes it takes creativity: Reuse products for the same purpose. Save paper and plastic bags, and repair broken appliances, furniture and toys. Reuse products in different ways. Use a coffee can to pack a lunch; use plastic microwave dinner trays as picnic dishes. Sell old clothes, appliances, toys, and furniture in garage sales or ads, or donate them to charities. Use reseal able containers rather than plastic wrap. Use a ceramic coffee mug instead of paper cups. Reuse grocery bags or bring your own cloth bags to the store. Do not take a bag from the store unless you need one..

RECYCLE : Recycling is a series of steps that takes a used material and processes, remanufactures, and sells it as a new product. Begin recycling at home and at work: Buy products made from recycled material. Look for the recycling symbol or ask store managers or salesmen. The recycling symbol means one of two things – either the product is made of recycled material, or the item can be recycled. Check collection centers and curbside pickup services to see what they accept, and begin collecting those materials. These can include metal cans, newspapers, paper products, glass, plastics and oil . Consider purchasing recycled materials at work when purchasing material for office supply, office equipment or manufacturing. Speak to store managers and ask for products and packaging that help cut down on waste, such as recycled products and products that are not over packaged . Buy products made from material that is collected for recycling in your community . Use recycled paper for letterhead, copier paper and newsletters..

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