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EMMALOU S. PACANA BSSW-3. Review of Related Literature (RRL).

Related literature- is composed of discussions of facts and principles to which the present study is related. The materials are usually printed and found in books, encyclopedias, professional journals, magazines, newspapers, and other publications. Reviewed literature and studies help or guide the researcher in the following ways:  Help or guide the researcher in searching for or selecting a better research problem or topic .  Help the investigator understand his topic for research better .  Ensure that there will be no duplication of other studies. Help and guide the researcher in locating more sources of related information.  Help and guide the researcher in making his research design especially in a. The formulation of specific questions to be researched on; b. The formulation of assumptions and hypotheses if there should be any; c. The formulation of conceptual framework; d. The selection and application of the methods of research; e. The selection and application of sampling technique; f. The selection and/ or preparation and validation of research instruments for gathering data.

Importance of the Review of Related literature and Studies;.

Purposes of the related literature and studies;. 1 . It provides insight into the theoretical/ conceptual background of the study.  2.It provides the rationale of the framework of the study. ( the theoretical framework is obtained or conceived through the literature search ) It helps the researcher to gather valuable data and ideas that can guide him in his own research . 3. It prepares the reader to better assimilate and understand the concepts of the study and gives him a bird’s eye view of the quality of readings the researcher has done in support of his study. It creates a rapport with your audience. It helps the researcher avoid Incidental Plagiarism It sharpens the researcher’s Research Focus 4 . REVIEWING THE RELATED LITERATURE REQUIRES THE RESEARCHER TO MAKE IN- DEPTH READINGS OF BOTH THE RESEARCH AND CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE. Research literature pertains to published or unpublished reports of actual research studies done previously and usually referred to “ studies “. (e.g. theses and dissertations) Conceptual literature refers to articles or books written by authorities giving their opinions, experiences theories and ideas about a topic. ( in most research studies, it is referred to as “ literature “) 5 . RELATED STUDIES ARE CLASSIFIED: Local if printed in the Philippines and Foreign—if printed outside the country Related literature maybe: • Local if the study was done in the Philippines ,and • Foreign—if the study was done outside the country 6 . VARIOUS FORMS OF LITERATURE REVIEW Argumentative review—is to present an opposing view to a given position. Integrative review—is composed of examinations and critical analysis on a given topic to introduce a need for a.

7. A LITERATURE REVIEW IN ANY FIELD IS ESSENTIAL AS IT OFFERS A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW AND RECAPITULATION ON THE GIVEN SCHOLARSHIP FROM PAST TO PRESENT, GIVING A READER A SENSE OF FOCUS AS TO WHICH DIRECTION YOUR NEW RESEARCH IS HEADED. Methodological review—examines the research methods alone( e.g.collection of data, their critical analysis, interpretation and research results) 8 . PARTS OF THE MANUSCRIPT THAT THE RESEARCHER CAN FIND USEFUL FOR MAKING REVIEW Abstract. Copy exactly as written in the manuscript article Rationale or Background of the Study. Note the researcher’s motivation and justifications for conducting the study . 9. Statement of the Problem or Research Objectives. List them exactly as stated in the manuscript or article. Hypothesis. List them exactly as stated in the manuscript or article. 10.Research methodology. List the research design( experiment, survey, case study), research environment or locale of the study, the respondents, sampling procedures, data gathering procedures, research instruments ( questionnaire, interview schedule ) and statistical treatment data. Note any unusual procedures or techniques employed by the researcher. 11.Findings. List the major findings of the study and indicate whether the objectives of the study were attained or whether the hypothesis were supported. Conclusions. Describe the researcher’s conclusion Source: RESOURCES  Prado, N.I.,et al.(2001).Methods of Research  Kim, Y.S. ( updated december 2015 )The importance of Literaure Review in Research Writing.

How to conduct RRL: Library & Online/Internet Research.

Finding Information: There are two major ways to begin a search on a research topic: by subject or keyword. Searching by Subject : Use an academic subject directory. These are sites organized by librarians or other academics providing a collection of links to sites that are appropriate for academic research . Searching by Keyword : A keyword search may be more appropriate for a very specific topic. Use Internet search engines to do a keyword search. A selection of search engines is available from the library web page Online Reference Sources & Quick Facts. Select Internet Search Engines & Directories..

Evaluating What You Find : It is important to evaluate the information you intend to use for a research paper. This applies to printed books and articles found in a library, but even more so for information found on the Internet. Quality in print resources is often assured by editors and publishers who pay the costs of publishing, and by libraries that select the best. On the Internet, anyone can put up a web page at any time, with no control. Some web sites have strict editorial policies; some have none at all. A basic keyword search on a search engine will find them all, so you will have to know how to determine which are appropriate . Things to look for when evaluating information on the Internet:  Author(s), could be a person or an organization: Who are they? What is their background or expertise? Why should they be trusted to know about the field? Are they affiliated with an institution or university? What are their credentials? What is their bias or point of view? etc .  Date: Most, if not all, information is only relevant in a context of time; if no date is given, the information should be suspect. There may be an original creation date and a date for when the information was last modified . out more about the web site on which a document is found and who is responsible for it. If the information at the site is not original, make sure the original source is given, and is cited properly.  Type of Information: Many different kinds of information resources can be found on the Internet, from peer-reviewed journal articles and books, government documents, professional working papers, and student essays, to personal letters, fiction, and spoofs of serious research. In print these are usually easy to distinguish; on the Internet they may not be. A screen of text from any of these will look much the same..

Activity I 1 . In your own words, what will happen if there are no related literature stipulated in all research. Support your answer . 2. In your own words discuss the importance and purpose of related literature . Answer 1: If you go ahead with your research without a literature review, you may end up with a result, which has already been published. Your research may end up with repetition of what some one has done already. So your effort becomes useless. By doing a literature survey , you may also get many ideas how to go about in dealing with a problem. For example, you may get an experimental set up to achieve some measurement, or you may get new algorithm that might help in your research, . That is why , it is always necessary to do a literature survey before start doing a research on a topic . Answer 2: A review of related literature (RRL) is important for obtaining an overview of the current knowledge on the topic. It provides the investigator with a framework on which to build an appropriate hypothesis, The purpose of a literature review is to gain an understanding of the existing research and debates relevant to a particular topic or area of study, and to present that knowledge in the form of a written report. Conducting a literature review helps you build your knowledge in your field..